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Networking 3
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11
Accounting
4th Grade
12/08/2009

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Cards

Term
When a call is “blocking”, what is happening on the machine? In the program?
Definition
Function calls wait on results

Program can appear to ‘hang’ until timeout
Only handle one pending task.
Must wait for network operation to finish.

Term
Under what conditions is a blocking socket considered “ready”?
Definition
If the connection was closed, then a socket is considered ready for both reading and writing
Term
What networking functions block and under what conditions?
Definition
BLOCKS UNTIL

accept() - the application receives a connection request
connect() - connect completes (stream sockets)
recv()- network system recieves data for this socket
send()- buffers are available in the netweork system for outgoing data (stream sockets)
Term
Understand the concept of a descriptor (i.e. socket) set.
Definition
struct fd_set ?
Term
How can a socket be added to a set? Removed?
Definition
FD_SET(s, *set) // Adds SOCKET s to set.
FD_CLR(s, *set) // Removes SOCKET s from set.
Term
How does the select function work? What does it do?
Definition
Determines which sockets are ready for accessing. Returns number of sockets.
Term
How do we check to see if a socket is readable after calling select?
Definition
FD_ISSET(listenSocket, &readSet)
Term
Know about the different values for the timeval structure and how they affect select.
Definition
struct timeval
{
int tv_sec; // seconds
int tv_usec; // microseconds
};

Defines a specific length of time is seconds & microseconds; is used by select() to determine blocking time.
timeval is set to NULL, fixed time, or 0 sec
Term
Understand how Networking Address Translation (NAT) works.
Definition
IP translation and mapping
Allows a network to share a single internet connection over a single IP address
Acts as an interpreter between two networks
Term
What is the purpose of having a Master Server for a game or application?
Definition
Global Server
Client Contacts to find games
Server contacts to update master
Term
Know the difference in return values on a nonblocking socket between a disconnect
error and a soft error (no data / space available.)
Definition
Function calls return immediately
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