Term
| Where can you find motor neurons in the body? (Define motor neurons) |
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Definition
muscles, glands, hands, arms, legs...
Definition: Carry impulses from the central nervous system and out to all the muscles in the body.
Impulses carried by motor neurons cause the muscles to contract.
Impulses caused by motor neurons may cause the body to move because many muscles are attatched to bone. |
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Term
| Where can you find sensory neurons in the body? |
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Definition
| everywhere except the brain |
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Term
| Definition of internal stimuli + example: |
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Definition
| internal stimulus encourages a response from within the body. for example, a stomach ache |
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Term
| Definition of external stimuli + example: |
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Definition
| something that incites a reaction/response such as light or pressure |
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Term
| Which part of the PNS controls homeostasis? |
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Definition
| the autonomic nervous system |
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Term
| Which part of the PNS allows you to speak, perceive light and walk? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of neurons are in the PNS? |
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Definition
| Sensory and motor neurons |
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Term
| Sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
controls when the body is in physical or emotional stress. increases blood pressure, heart rate and breathing rate.
directs blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
active under normal circumstances
keeps body functioning normally when not active (breathing, heart rate when at rest) |
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Term
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Definition
involuntary
done without consciousness
controls muscles in urinary, digestive, respiratory and reproductive systems
regulate heart rate and blood flow
MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS |
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Term
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Definition
Used in response to external stimulus:
- muscle receives message and contracts faster than in an ordinary response to sensory neuron.
- this occurs because the impulses form an arc from:
1. the receptors
2. spinal cord
3. travels along the sensory neuron
4. across an interneuron
5. out a motor neuron |
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Term
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Definition
- voluntary
- controls reflexes
- stimulates muscles to trigger reaction before reaching brain |
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Term
| Peripheral Nervous System |
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Definition
- all reactions that are not conscious
- all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
- nerves that bring information to sensory organs, control muscles, and are connected to other glands or organs (ex. heart)
- connects brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body |
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Term
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Definition
send information from sense organs to CNS
senses external and internal environment |
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Term
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Definition
| sends information (orders) from CNS to muscles, glands or other organs |
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Term
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Definition
brain and spinal cord
control center of the body
3 main parts:
1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Brain Stem |
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Term
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Definition
- biggest part of brain
- controls emotion, learning, memory, sensory function
- 2 parts: left and right hemisphere |
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Term
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Definition
| speech, emotion, reasoning, movement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
controls balance, posture and coordinates movement
responds to information sent from cerebrum and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| - leads from cerebrum to cerebellum and down the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Thalamus and hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| gets info from PNS and sends it to cerebral cortex (outer layer of brain where most sensory and motor processing happens here) to be used. |
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Term
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Definition
- helps maintain homeostasis
- controls breathing, heart rate and hormonal secretions |
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Term
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Definition
| relays messages from the body to the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical that relays information from a neuron to another cell. |
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Term
| Sequence of function in reflex pathway |
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Definition
1. sensory neuron
2. interneuron
3. motor neuron
4. muscle
5. pain receptor |
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Term
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Definition
| provides most of the eye's optical power |
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Term
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Definition
| dark hole that allows light to pass into the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses light onto the retina |
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Term
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Definition
| receives images sent from lens and transmits them through the optic nerve to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
black, white, gray
responds best in dim light |
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Definition
perceives color
functions best in bright light |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| carries images to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| vision loss due to damage of the optic nerve. cause by increased pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| clouding of the normally clear lens |
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Term
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Definition
objects near are clear while objects far away are blurry
cornea is longer than usual. light is projected towards the front of the retina, blurring the image |
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Term
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Definition
cornea is shorter from front to back than normal
light is focused on the back of your eye making objects nearby blurry |
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Term
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Definition
cornea is curved more steeply in one direction than the other
horizontal images may be more out of focus than vertical or diagonal images |
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Term
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Definition
Obstruction of the field of view due to lack of rods and cones on the optic disc of the retina where the optic nerve passes through.
no cells to detect light --> no image is perceived |
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