Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis (loss or impairment of the ability to move parts of the body) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Minor form of seizure, consisting of momentary clouding of consciousness and loss of contact with the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries nervous impulses toward the brain and spinal cord; sensory nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to loss or absence of voluntary movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain disorder marked by progressive, gradual mental deterioration (dementia) along with personality changes and impairment of daily functioning. |
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Term
| Amyotropic lateral sclerosis |
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Definition
| Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem and resulting in total body paralysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence of sensitivity to pain |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital condition of partial or complete absence of brain matter. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lack of feeling or sensation |
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Term
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Definition
| Weakening of an arterial wall, which may lead to hemorrhage and cerebrovascular accident (stroke). |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to speak; language function is impaired due to injury to the cerebral cortex. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to perform purposeful acts or manipulate objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle layer of the meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| Glial (neuroglial) cell that transports salts and water from capillaries. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Brain tumor composed of astrocytes (glial cells). The most serious of these tumors is a glioblastoma multiforme (Grades III and IV malignant brain tumor). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Peculiar sensation appearing before more definite symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Microscopic fiber that carries a nervous impulse along a nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Unilateral paralysis of the face caused by a disorder of the facial nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood vessels that let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intensely unpleasant burning pain in a limb following damage to nerves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of the nerve cell (neuron) that contains the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the cerebellum |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the cerebellum and pons |
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Term
|
Definition
| Part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance. |
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Term
|
Definition
| X-ray record of blood vessels in the brain after intravenous injection of contrast material. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury; usually clearing within 24 hours |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head; neurologic disorder persists longer than 24 hours. |
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Term
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Definition
| Outer region of the cerebrum |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bursting of an artery in the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| Partial paralysis and muscular coordination caused by loss of oxygen or blood flow to the cerebrum during pregnancy or in the perinatal period. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Clear, watery fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
| Cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
|
Definition
| Samples of cerebrospinal fluid are examined for blood cells, protein, glucose, tumor cells, bacteria and other substances. |
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Term
| Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
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Definition
| Disruption of the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke. |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought and memory, among other functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| State of unconsciousness from which a patient cannot be aroused |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Cross-sectional x-ray imaging of an organ (such as the brain or spinal cord), with or without contrast material. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Mental decline and deterioration |
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Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of myelin on axons of nerves (as in multiple sclerosis). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Microscopic branching portion of a nerve cell; first part of the nerve cell to receive the nervous impulse |
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Term
|
Definition
| Neurotransmitter in the central nervous system; deficient in patients with Parkinson disease. |
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Term
| Doppler ultrasound studies |
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Definition
| Sound waves are used to detect blood flow in arteries within the brain and leading to the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Impairment of the ability to perform voluntary movements. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difficulty in reading, writing, and learning. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Carries messages away from the brain the spinal cord; motor nerve. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Process of recording the electricity within the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood clot that is carried by the bloodstream from one area of the body to another where it blocks a blood vessel. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| A glial cell that lines the membranes within the brain and spinal cord and helps form cerebrospinal fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of blood located above the dura mater |
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Term
|
Definition
| Brain disorder marked by recurrent attacks (seizures) of abnormal nervous impulses. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system; plural is ganglia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nervous system cell that is supportive and connective in function: Astrocyte, microglial cell, ependymal cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rapidly growing malignant tumor of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| Highly malignant brain tumor composed of glial cells (astrocytes). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded fold on the surface of the cerebrum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Disease of the brain (dementia) caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Slight paralysis of the right or left half of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of the right or left half of the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Viral infection affecting peripheral nerves |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hereditary disorder affecting the cerebrum and involving abrupt, involuntary, jerking movements and mental deterioration in later stages. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles (canals) of the brain. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Diminished sensitivity to pain |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excessive sensitivity or feeling, especially of the skin in response to touch or pain. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to a sudden, acute onset, as the convulsion of an epileptic seizure. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to within the membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the two thinner membranes (arachnoid membrane and pia mater) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space between two lumbar vertebrae; spinal tap. |
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|
Term
| Magnetic resonance imaging |
|
Definition
| Magnetic and radio waves create an image of an organ three planes of the body. The brain and spinal cord can be imaged to detect lesions. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lower part of the brain, closest to the spinal cord; controls breathing heartbeat, and size of blood vessels |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the meninges |
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Term
|
Definition
| Three membranes surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tumor (benign) of the meninges |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the meninges. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Hernia of the meninges through a defect or space between vertebrae; a form of spina bifida cystica. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Phagocytic glial cell that removes waste products from the central nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
| A severe headache that is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A severe headache, often unilateral, and sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Carries impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic neurologic disorder marked by destruction of the myelin sheath on neuronal axons in the CNS and replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fatty, white covering over the axon of a nerve cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| X-ray record (with contrast) of the spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Congenital hernia (protrusion) of the spinal cord and meninges through a defect (gap) in the vertebral column. This defect is often associated with spina bifida. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to muscle and nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Macroscopic cordlike collection of fibers that carry electrical impulses. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Lack of strength in nerves; a feeling of weakness and exhaustion |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Supporting cells (stroma) of the nervous system; glial cells |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Disease of nerves; primarily in the peripheral nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Glial (neuroglial) cell that forms the myelin sheath covering the axon of a neuron. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Relieving symptoms, but not curative |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of the lower part of the body and both legs |
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Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions, such as heart rate, breathing, and the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Essential, functioning cells of any organ. Neurons (nerve cells) are the parenchyma of the nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal nervous sensation occurring without apparent cause. Examples are tingling, numbness or prickling sensations. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Degeneration of nerve cells that produce the neurotransmitter, dopamine in the brain; leads to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement. |
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|
Term
| Peripheral nervous system |
|
Definition
| Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thin, delicate, innermost membrane of the meninges |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Network of nerves outside of the central nervous system; brachial, cervical, lumbosacral plexuses are examples. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of many nerves |
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Term
|
Definition
| Part of the brainstem anterior to the cerebellum, between the medulla and the rest of the brain. The pons connects the upper and lower portions of the brain. |
|
|
Term
| Positron emission tomography |
|
Definition
| Computerized radiologic procedure using radioactive glucose or oxygen to image the metabolic activity of cells, such as brain cells. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of all four limbs; both arms and both legs. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a spinal nerve root |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Disease of a spinal nerve root |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Organ that receives nervous stimulation and passes it on to nerves that carry the stimulation to the brain and spinal cord; skin, ears, eyes and taste buds. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Extends from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot. Sciatica is pain along the course of the nerve. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Carries messages to the brain and spinal cord from a receptor; afferent nerve. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Viral (herpes zoster) illness that affects peripheral nerves; produces blisters and pain on the skin overlying the path of peripheral nerves. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital defect in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts; spinal cord and meninges may herniate through the vertebral gap. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Thirty-one pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord. Each spinal nerve affects a particular area of the skin. |
|
|
Term
| Stereotactic radiosurgery |
|
Definition
| Use of a specialized instrument using three-dimensional coordinates to locate the site to be operated on. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Agent of change (light, sound, touch) that evokes a response |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Connective and supportive tissue of an organ |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Collection of blood in the space below the dura mater surrounding the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex; fissure |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Autonomic nerves that activate responses in times of stress; heartbeat, respiration, and blood pressure are affected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Space between nerve cells or between nerve cells and muscle and glandular cells |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to syncope (fainting). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fainting; temporary loss of consciousness |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the thalamus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Main relay center of the brain; located in the central region or diencephalon of the brain. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary movement of a small group of muscles, as of the face |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A major seizure affecting the brain in epilepsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neurologic disorder characterized by multiple facial and other body tics. |
|
|
Term
| Transient ischemic attack |
|
Definition
| Fleeting episode of ischemia (holding back blood) in the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flashes of stab like pain along the course of a branch of the trigeminal nerve (5th cranial nerve). The trigeminal nerve has branches to the eye, upper jaw and lower jaw |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the vagus nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tenth cranial nerve with branches to the chest and abdominal organs. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) filled canals in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carries messages TOWARD the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerve) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to without movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive sensitivity to pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brain disorder marked by gradual and pregressive mental deterioration (dementia), personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning |
|
|
Term
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
|
Definition
| degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Condition of no sensation of pain (usually accompanied by sedation without loss of
consciousness). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of no brain (congenital anomaly) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of no nervous sensation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agents that reduce or eliminate sensation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of inability to speak. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inability to carry out familiar purposeful movements (in the absence of paralysis or
sensory or motor impairment). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle layer of the three membranes (meninges)that surround the brain and spinal cord. greek arachne means spider |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of glial (neuroglial) cell that transports water and salt away from capillaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No muscular coordination (often caused by cerebellar dysfunction). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along the nerve cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord; includes the pons and medulla oblongata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Burning sensation of pain (in the skin); usually following injury to sensory fibers of a
peripheral nerve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of a nerve cell that contains a nucleus |
|
|
Term
| central nervous system (CNS) |
|
Definition
| brain and the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the cerebellum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the cerebellum and the pons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The outer region (gray matter) of the cerebrum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord and is located within the ventricles of
the brain. |
|
|
Term
| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
|
Definition
| circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest part of the brain, responsible for voluntary muscle activity; vision, taste, speech, hearing, thought, and memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
In a state of coma (profound unconsciousness from which one cannot be roused; may
be due to trauma, disease, or action of ingested toxic substance). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain with regard to the head and neck (except the vagus nerve) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord. latin for "hard mother" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary, spasmodic movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Disorder of reading, writing, or learning (despite the ability to see and recognize
letters). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carries messages AWAY from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any disease of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collection of blood above the dura mater. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic disorder marked by attacks of brain dysfunction due to excessive firing of nervous impulses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glial cell that lines membranes within the brain and spinal cord and helps form cerebrospinal fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| feeling; nervous sensation |
|
|
Term
| ganglion (plural ganglia) |
|
Definition
| collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glial cell (neurologlial cell) |
|
Definition
| supportive and connective nerve cell that does not carry nervous impulses. examples are: astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor (malignant) of glial (neuroglial or supportive) cells in the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex; convolution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Slight paralysis in either the right or left half of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis in half of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal accumulation of fluid (csf) in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diminished sensation to pain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of excessive movement (muscular activity). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the pituritary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Placement of substances (medications) into the subarachnoid space. |
|
|
Term
| kines/o; kinesi/o; -kinesia; -kinesis; -kinetic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the pia mater and arachnoid membranes of the meninges. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing, heartbeat and the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the meninges. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques on sclerotic (hard) tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spinal cord (means bone marrow in other contexts) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Record (x-ray) of the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hernia of the spinal cord and meninges; associated with spina bifida. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to muscle and nerve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep (seizures of sleep) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of lack of nerve strength; nervous exhaustion and weakness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis in the lower portion of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An abnormal sensation such as numbness, tingling, or pricking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inflammation of many (spinal) nerves, causing paralysis, pain, and wasting of
muscles. Guillain-Barré syndrome (sequela of certain viral infections with
paresthesias and muscular weakness) is an example |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of all four limbs of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve root (of spinal nerves) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of nerve roots. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disease of the spinal nerve roots. |
|
|
Term
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Definition
| congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect) |
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Definition
| Collection of blood under the dura mater (outermost layer of the meninges). |
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Definition
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Definition
| Pertaining to syncope (fainting). |
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Definition
| Pertaining to the thalamus. |
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Definition
| sheath (refers to meninges) |
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Definition
| vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the vagus (10th cranial) nerve. |
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Term
| what are pia mater and arachnoid membrane combined refered to by physicians? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three meninges and 2 spaces inbeteween called? |
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Definition
| duramater, subdural space, arachnoid membrane, subarachnoid space, and pia mater |
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Term
| what do sympathetic nerves do? (these are part of the autonomic nervesystem) |
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Definition
| they increase heart rate and blood pressure (forcefulness, dilate (relax) aiways so more o2 can enter, neurons stimulate andrenal glands to expell adrenalin (epinephrine) which slows digestion |
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Term
| what does the central nervous system (cns) consist of? |
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Definition
| it contains brain and spinal cord |
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Term
| what does the parasympathetic nerves do? (part of the autonomic nerve system) |
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Definition
| they act as balance to sympethatic nerves, slow doen heart rate, lower blood pressure, stimulate intestinal contractions to clear rectum. |
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Term
| what does the peripheral nervous system consist of? |
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Definition
| cranial- and spinal nerves, plexuses (network of nerves) and peripheral nerves throughout the body |
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