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| most intricately organized data processing systems on earth |
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| consists of cell body, nucleus and cell organelles, and neuron fibers that convey signals |
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| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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| made up of nerves that carry signals into and out of the CNS |
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| cable like bundle of neuron extensions tightly wrapped in connective tissue |
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| clusters of neuron cell bodies |
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| conduction of signals from sensory receptors to integration centers |
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| interpretation of the sensory signals and the formulation of a response |
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| conduction of signals from the integration centers to effector cells which perform a response |
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| perform body's responses to motor output |
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| automatic responses to stimuli |
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| convey signals from sensory receptorys into CNS |
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| Integrate data and relay signals to other interneurons or motor neurons |
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| convey signals from the CNS to effector cells |
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| part of a neuron that includes most of the organelles including the nucleus |
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| highly branched extensions that recieve signals from other neurons and convey information toward the cell body |
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| long extension that transmits signals to other cells |
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| supporting cells of a neuron; may provide nourishment, help maintain homeostasis in the extracellular fluid, or provide insulation |
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| a chain of schwann cells wrapped around the axon |
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| spaces between the schwann cells allowing the nerve signal to be regenerated |
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| site of communication between a synaptic terminal and another cell |
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| potential energy that allows the neuron to send signals to do work |
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| the voltage across the plasma membrane of a resting neuron |
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| pumps that actively transport Na+ out of the cell and K+ in keeping the concentration of Na+ low in the cell and K+ high in the cell |
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| any factor that causes a nerve signal to be generated |
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| a nerve signal that carries information along an axon |
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| change in the membranes voltage that must occur to generate an action potential |
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| narrow gap in chemical synapses that separate the synaptic terminal of the sending neuron form the receiving neuron |
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| chemical messengers sent by a neuron |
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| contain the neurotransmitters |
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| a neurotransmitter that is important in the brain and at synapses between motor neurons and muscle cells |
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| neurotransmitters that are derived form amino acids (epinephrine, norepinephrine) |
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| a diffuse, weblike system of neurons extending through the body |
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| parallel cords that control the animals movement |
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| evolutionary trend toward concentration of the nervous system at the head end |
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| presence of a central nervous system distinct from from a peripheral nervous system |
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| runs lengthwise inside the vertebral column and conveys infromation from the brain |
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| maintainsd a stable chemical environment for the brain |
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| fluid that is formed by the brain by the filtration of blood |
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| layers of connective tissue that protect the brain and spinal cord |
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| consists of mainly nerve cell bodies and dendrites |
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| cranial nerves and spinal nerves |
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| in the head and spinal cord and upper body, contain sensory and motor neurons |
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| carries signals to and from skeletal muscles in response to external stimuli |
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| regulates the internal environment by controlling smooth and cardiac muscles and the other organs |
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