assoc. w/ CML

oncogene

codes for a non-receptor tyrosine kinase

Burkitt's lymphoma

oncogene

codes for a transcription factor

Follicular (and undifferentiated) lymphoma

oncogene

codes for an anti-apoptotic molecule

Breast, ovarian, and gastric carcinomas

oncogene (vs. BRCA - tumor suppressors)

codes for a tyrosine kinase

Colon carcinoma (k-ras), follicular thyroid carcinoma

oncogene

codes for a GTPase

Lung cancer; esp. small cell

"L-myc for Lung"

oncogene

codes for a transcription factor

Adrenal Neuroblastoma

"N for Neuroblastoma"

oncogene

codes for a transcription factor

MEN 2a & 2b

oncogene

codes for a tyrosine kinase

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

oncogene

codes for a cytokine receptor

melanoma

oncogene

codes for a serine-threonine kinase

Retinoblastoma & osteosarcoma

tumor suppressor

gene product blocks G1 to S transition

most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome

tumor suppressor

gene product blocks G1 to S phase, and G2 to M

breast and ovarian cancer

tumor suppressor

product is DNA repair protein

Breast cancer (in men too)

tumor suppressor

codes for DNA repair protein

melanoma

tumor suppressor

colorectal cancer; assoc. w/ FAP and other syndromes (ex: Gardner's)

tumor suppressor

Pancreatic cancer

tumor suppressor

"Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer"

Colon cancer

tumor suppressor

"Deleted in Colon Cancer"

prostate carcinoma: incr. total PSA, w/ a decr. in free

BPH: incr. in free PSA

*prostate carcinoma also assoc. w/ incr. levels of prostatic acid phosphatase

CEA tumor marker

(carcinoembryonic antigen)

Hepatocellular carcinomas

Nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of testis (100% of yolk sac tumors, in some embryonal carcinomas and teratomas)

Hydatiform moles, Choriocarcinomas, Gestational trophoblastic tumors

"HCG"

mets to bone (esp. prostate and breast)

thyroid, testes, lung and kidney also metastasize to bone

*also incr. in obstructive biliary dz, and paget's dz of bone (which is assoc. w/ osteosarcoma & fibrosarcoma)

TRAP tumor marker

(tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase)

squamous cell carcinoma of skin

liver angiosarcoma

Squamous

*small cell - ACTH, ADH

1. renal cell carcinoma
2. hemangioblastoma
3. hepatocellular carcinoma
4. pheochromocytoma

neoplasms assoc. w/ Lambert-Eaton syndrome

(also note that muscle wkns improves w/ use)

small cell lung carcinoma

and thymoma

*abs against presynaptic Ca channels at NMJ

1. papillary adenocarcinoma of thyroid
2. serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary
3. meningioma
4. malignant mesothelioma

"PSaMMoma"

"Lots of Bad Stuff Kills Glia"

Lung, Breast, Skin (melanoma), Kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI

"Cancer Sometimes Penetrates Benign Liver"

Colon > Stomach > Pancreas > Breast > Lung

*after regional lymph nodes, liver and lung are most common sites of metastasis

Mesenchyme

*vimentin is an intermediate filament

MEN 2A and 2B

*neurofibromatosis type 1 and von Hippel-Lindau

Generally benign and occur in parotid gland

• pleomorphic adenoma - MC, benign, painless movable mass, high rate of recurrence
• Warthin's tumor - benign, heterotopic salivary gland tissue in a lymph node
• mucoepidermoid carcinoma - MC malignant, 2nd MC overall; 80-90% occur in parotid