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NDSCS PSYC250
chapter 3
41
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
02/11/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
chromosomes
Definition
contain the genes
23 pairs
Term
genes
Definition
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Term
autosomes
Definition
all chromosomes EXCEPT for those that determine sex
Term
chromosomes for gilrs
Definition
23rd chromosome is XX
Term
chromosomes for boys
Definition
XY on the 23rd pair
Term
karotype
Definition
photograph of chromosome pairs
Term
mitosis
Definition
cell division, produces 2 identical cells to the parent cell
Term
meiosis
Definition
cell division that results in an infinite number of arrangements, not identical to parent cell
Term
genotype
Definition
gene pattern; Bb BB bb
Term
phenotype
Definition
physical expression of gene patterns (brown hair, blue eyes, etc.O
Term
dominant
Definition
gene that causes the trait to be expressed (stronger trait... Brown eyes over blue eyes)
Term
recessive
Definition
expressed only if there is a pair of them... only a 25% chance if both parents carrier
Term
polygenic inheritance
Definition
trait caused by several genes
Term
sexlinked abnormalities
Definition
conditions that occur on teh 23rd pair of chromosomes
Term
hemophilia
Definition
recessive gene X, difficulty clotting the blood
Term
Klinefelter's syndrome
Definition

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Male disease. Have an extra X, so 23rd pair is XXY; 25% have mental retardation, low IQ

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Term
Supermale
Definition
only male; XYY; lower IQ, maybe more agressive and tall
Term
Superfemale
Definition
extra X on 23rd== XXX; lower IQ
Term
Turner's syndrome
Definition

one functional X chromosome; maybe mentally retarded; small, doesn't always develop into a woman

 

Term
fragile X
Definition

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part of the XX is broken or damaged

Can result in low IQ

Term

Down Syndrome

 

Definition

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extra #21; low IQ and MR, could be caused by alcohol, environment and older mother

Term
Huntington's chorea
Definition
dominant gene disorder, so it passes easily; symptoms appear at middle age; not deadly; brain/nerve cells is deteriorating. lose muscle control and memory people who get it usually die from infection or suicide
Term
cystic fibrosis
Definition
recessive; thick mucous builds up on lungs; difficult digestion; lots of sweat; most common in male; rare in nonwhites
Term
PKU (phenylketonuria)
Definition
found by a blood test at birth. must go on a low protein diet because amino acid can cause brain damage
Term
sickle cell anemia
Definition
african american disease in which blood doesn't carry oxygen
Term
Tay-Sachs disease
Definition
eastern european jewish; death at age 2, or 3-5; disorder of how fat metabolizes and brain does not develop
Term
corrective gene therapy
Definition
genes are repaired or substituted
Term
human gene therapy
Definition
condition SCID; gene alter
Term
gene splicing
Definition
transplanting gene material from one species to another
Term
cloning
Definition
completely duplicating genes
Term
preimplantation genetic....
Definition
association with IVF (invitro fertilization)
Term
adoption studies
Definition
look at heredity by looking at biological siblings who were raised by different families ... find that IQ is most like the birth parents
Term
twin studies
Definition
study twins and find that they have lots of genetic traits
Term
EAS traits
Definition
Emotional, activities, and sociability levels...
Term
socialization
Definition
process in which individuals learn to become members of a social group (culture, food, etc.)
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
thinking your way is the right way
Term
normative age-graded influences
Definition
changes (biological and social)that normally happen at a certain age
Term
normative-history graded influences
Definition
historical event that affects a large number of people at once (war, a Great Depression, 9/11, etc.)
Term
nonnormative influences
Definition
unexpected events (divorce, death, unemployment, lottery) that can effect at any time, might never happen
Term
resilient children
Definition
have the ability to recover from terrible events/situation IF THEY HAVE SOMEONE WHO CARES ABOUT THEM
Term
5 CHARACTERISTICS OF RESILIENT CHILDREN
Definition
1. good social skills
2. self-confidence
3. very independent
4. one good relationship
5. achiever (good at something)
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