antacids

reduce hydrochloric acid in the stomach

antianemics

increase red blood cell production

anticholenergics

decrease oral secretions

anticoagulants

prevent clot formation

anticonvulsants

used for management of seizures/bipolar disorder

antidiarrheals

decrease gastric motility and reduce water in bowel

antihistamines

block the release of histamine

antihypertensives

lower blood pressure and increase blood flow

anti-infectives

used for treatment of infections

bronchodilators

dilate large air passages in asthma/lung disease

diuretics

decrease water/sodium from the Loop of Henle

laxatives

promote passage of stool

miotics

constrict the pupils

mydriatics

dilate the pupils

narcotics/analgesics

relieve moderate to severe pain

Schedule I

research use only

ex: LSD

Schedule II

requires written prescription

ex: ritalin

Schedule III

requires new prescription after 6 months or 5 refills

ex: codeine

Schedule IV

requires new prescription after 6 months

ex: Darvon

Schedule V

dispensed as any other prescription or

without prescription if state allows

ex:  antitussives

respiratory acidosis

pH down, CO2 up, HCO3 up

metabolic acidosis

pH down, CO2 down, HCO3 down

respiratory alkalosis

Ph up, CO2 down, HCO3 down

metabolic alkalosis

PH up, CO2 up, HCO3 up