• positive: late decelerations with a minimum of half the contractions, with a minimum of 3 contractions of 40-60 seconds within 10 min
• need to do a biophysical profile of the baby (real time ultrasound)
• no late declerations with 3+ contractions/10 min

• reactive: 2+ accelerations of 15+ BPM of 15+ seconds with fetal movement noted within 20 minutes

• used to detect fetal lung maturity, abnormalities, fetal hemolytic disease

1. exert upper pressure against the presenting part
2. place client in knee-chest position
3. wrap cord with sterile towel soaked in NS
4. give 8-10 L O2 via face mask
5. provide support to client

• happens after delivery of placenta
• coagulation failure
• may become unresponsive
• check breathing
• give packed RBCs, fresh frozen plasma

• tingling in fingers
• dizziness
• circumoral numbness
• respiratory alkalosis
• intervention: breath into cupped hands or paper bag

• requires a physician's order
• the physician is responsible for making sure the client understands a DNR, their condition, etc.
• hypoxia may make a pt incompetent to make a decision
• requires competence, fully informed, voluntary

• give 2-4 L O2 by nasal cannula
• assess vitals
• if BP ok, give nitro
• evaluate response

• femoral: 10 minutes
• radial, brachial: 5 minutes

• over 40 
• infertile/no pregnancies
• menstrual irregularities
• family history of breast/bowel/endometrial cancer
• risk reduced if: multiple births, hormonal contraceptives, 1st child at a young age

• denial of obvious problems
• expressions of shame or guilt
• perceptions of self as being unable to deal
• projection of blame or responsibility onto others

• actions taken outside the scope of practice of the staff

1. wash stoma with adhesive remover after removing old pouch
2. gently pat skin dry
3. measure stoma size & at 1/16 to 1/8"
4. apply thin layer of paste
5. apply pouch; may last up to 7 days

• safe to give neg to pos if type is the same
• O-neg is universal donor

• may cause DI
• strict I&Os, daily weight, urine specific gravity

• generally functions well in other areas of life
• degree of aggressiveness out of proprotion to stressor
• often alcoholic, abusive family life
• has sincere remorse, guilt

• bright red blood
• should never have large clots, tissue fragments, membranes

• waterborne
• nationally reportable
• not recommended by CDC to close the daycare center source

• finding those exposed to a notifiable disease

• higher risk for adolescents and 35+
• place on left side
• keep room quiet & dark, low stimuli
• at risk for pulmonary edema; listen to breath sounds q2hr
• assess vitals q1hr

impaired peripheral vision