Shared Flashcard Set

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NBDHE- misc. Jaime
Dental Hygiene board prep
329
Dentistry
Professional
03/19/2017

Additional Dentistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what are the 3 compounds in antisensitivity toothpaste
Definition
potassium nitrate
strontium chloride
sodium citrate
Term
what are the 3 compounds used for systemic fluoride
Definition
sodium fluoride
sodium silicofluoride
hydrofluorosilic acid
Term
what are 2 forms of epidemiological studies that are longitudinal
Definition
cohort and case control
Term
what is consistency between two different evaluators
Definition
interrater reliability
Term
what is consistency between one evaluator
Definition
intrarater reliability
Term
what is data that is counted as whole numbers
Definition
discrete data
Term
what statistical test would you use to evaluate 2 means
Definition
t-test
Term
what statistical test would you use to evaluate 3 or more means
Definition
ANOVA
Term
what statistical test would you use to compare whole data sets such as surveys
Definition
chi-squared
Term
what is an epidemiological study that follows 1 group over a long period of time
Definition
cohort
Term
what is an epidemiological study that follows two groups, one with a condition and one without
Definition
case control
Term
what is an epidemiological study where a section of the population is observed at one point in time
Definition
cross- sectional
Term
what p value is needed to reject the null hypothesis
Definition
p< 0.05
Term
what is the term for the ability to detect disease
Definition
sensitivity
Term
what is the term for the ability to identify the absence of disease
Definition
specificity
Term
dmf is used for children under what age? Why?
Definition
under 6 because they should only have lost teeth due to decay if their 1st molars haven't erupted
Term
why does the def monitor teeth extracted from caries
Definition
provides two degrees of severity for caries- decay and gross decay which lead to extraction
Term
what 3 indices use the WHO probe?
Definition
CPITN
CPI
PSR
Term
what index measures gingival inflammation
Definition
GI
Term
what index measures the severity of BOP
Definition
sulcular bleeding index
Term
what is the highest score on the SBI
Definition
3
Term
what index measures both gingivitis and periodontitis measured on the Ramfjord teeth?
Definition
PI (periodontal index)
Term
what index measures plaque and calculus on 6 teeth?
Definition
OHI- S
Term
what is the max score for the OHI-S
Definition
6 (3 max for plaque and 3 max for calculus)
Term
what index measures plaque at the gingival margin only
Definition
plaque index
Term
what is the max score for the plaque index?
Definition
3
Term
how many teeth is the plaque index measured?
Definition
all teeth
Term
what index measures plaque biofilm on 5 tooth surfaces per buccal/lingual surface
Definition
patient hygiene performance
Term
what is the max score on the PHP index
Definition
5
Term
what federal grant provides funding for low income children health services such as school lunch programs
Definition
Title I
Term
who qualifies for head start
Definition
low income children who don't qualify for CHIP
Term
what 2 medications are used to treat MRSA
Definition
vancomycin
bactrim
Term
what is the largest antibody that makes first contact with an antigen
Definition
IgM
Term
what is the most abundant antibody that can cross the placenta and causes phagocytosis of previously encountered antigens
Definition
IgG
Term
what antibody is found in body fluids such as saliva and prevents bacterial attachment to mucous membranes
Definition
IgA
Term
what antibody is found in the lungs
Definition
IgD
Term
What antibody is involved in the allergy response and binds to mast cells and basophils
Definition
IgE
Term
what bacteria is involved in early caries development
Definition
s mutans
Term
what bacteria is involved in progression of caries (late involvement)
Definition
lactobacillus
Term
what bacteria is typically involved in endocarditis
Definition
s mitis
Term
what bacteria is associated with root caries
Definition
Actinomyces
Term
what 2 bacteria are associated with pregnancy gingivitis
Definition
prevotella intermedia
campylobacter rectus
Term
what is a spirochete involved in NUG/NUP
Definition
Treponema denticola
Term
what are 4 bacteria involved in NUG/NUP
Definition
Treponema denticol
P. intermedia
P. gingivalis
fusobacterium
Term
what bacteria is involved in aggressive perio
Definition
Aa
Term
what is the most common bacteria associated with chronic perio
Definition
p. gingivalis
Term
what bacteria is involved in meningitis and gonorrhea
Definition
Neisseria
Term
what type of bacteria (shape) is involved in syphilis and lyme disease
Definition
spirochetes
Term
the majority of plaque biofilm is made of what substance
Definition
exopolysaccharides
Term
what is the term for impingement of the maxillary sinus into the area of a previous extraction
Definition
pneumatization
Term
what medication is used to slow collagenase activity in periodontally involved patients
Definition
periostat
Term
what is the active ingredient in periostat
Definition
doxycycline
Term
what are 3 nutritive sweeteners
Definition
sorbitol
mannitol
xylitol
Term
what is the sweetener found in Nutrasweet and equal
Definition
aspartame
Term
patients with PKU (phenylketonuria) should avoid what sweetener
Definition
aspartame
Term
what is the term for ketones in the urine
Definition
ketonuria
Term
how many essential amino acids are there?
Definition
9
Term
what is the normal blood sugar range for diabetic
Definition
70-125 mg/dl
Term
what is a nutritive disease resulting from long term inadequate food intake in children
Definition
marasmus
Term
what is a nutritive disease resulting from acute protein deficiency which presents with abdominal swelling
Definition
kwashiorkor
Term
what is the name for Omega-6 fatty acids
Definition
linoleic acid
Term
what is the name for Omega-3 fatty acids
Definition
linolenic acid
Term
what are 3 dietary sources of omega-6 (linoleic) fatty acids
Definition
veg. oil
sunflower oil
safflower oil
Term
what are 4 dietary sources of omega-3 (linolenic) fatty acids
Definition
fish
canola oil
olive oil
peanut oil
Term
what is the absence of a menstrual cycle
Definition
amenorrhea
Term
what is the term for fine soft hair that is seen in patients with anorexia (2 names)
Definition
lanugo / hirsutism
Term
what is the term for dental erosion seen in patients with bulimia
Definition
perimolysis
Term
what are 4 oral signs of bulimia
Definition
restorations that are higher than the surrounding teeth
enlarged parotid
thermal sensitivity
erosion
Term
what causes pica?
Definition
iron and zinc deficiency
Term
what is the chemical factor that breaks down the extracellular matrix which allows bacteria to detach and spread?
Definition
hyaluronidase
Term
what stage of periodontal lesion development shows no signs of inflammation
Definition
Stage I (initial)
Term
what stage of periodontal lesion development where the early signs of gingivitis become evident
Definition
stage II
Term
what stage of periodontal lesion development where there are increased probing depths due to inflammation and takes 2-3 weeks to develop
Definition
stage III
Term
what stage of periodontal lesion development presents with irreversible bone loss and is considered periodontitis
Definition
stage IV
Term
what is the best appointment time for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
mid morning after meds have kicked in
Term
what is a medical condition resulting in being very tall with possible congenital heart defects
Definition
marfan syndrome
Term
what is a condition that presents with a porcelain doll appearance with an overproduction of collagen and shows limited ability to open the mouth and widened PDL spaces
Definition
Scleroderma
Term
what is a discoloration of digits related to cold
Definition
Raynaud's phenomenon
Term
what is the normal pulse range for an adult
Definition
60-100 BPM
Term
what is the normal pulse range for a child
Definition
60-120 BPM
Term
what is the normal respiration rate for an adult
Definition
12-20
Term
what is the normal respiration rate for a child
Definition
14-26
Term
what is the difference between a complex and a compound odontoma
Definition
complex (diffuse radiopacity)
compound (can see diff. tissues- enamel, dentin, etc.)
Term
what is the most common extraoral location for an adenoma
Definition
parotid gland
Term
what is the most common intraoral location for an adenoma
Definition
hard palate
Term
what is an antidepressant used for smoking cessation
Definition
Buproprion (Zyban)
Term
what is the innervation for the TMJ
Definition
auriculotemporal and masseteric branch of V3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal)
Term
what side of the hip should be propped up for a pregnant woman?
Definition
pillow under R hip
Term
what is a window like opening on the root surface of a tooth
Definition
fenestration
Term
what 2 local anesthetics should be avoided with patients prone to metheglobinemia
Definition
Prilocaine and articaine
Term
what is used to polish gold crowns intraorally
Definition
tin oxide
Term
what is used to polish gold crowns extraorally
Definition
rouge
Term
what are 3 symptoms seen in parkinson's
Definition
bradykinesia (slow gait)
postural instability
dementia
Term
what is the term for a slow gait
Definition
bradykinesia
Term
when should a patient with parkinson's be scheduled
Definition
2-3 hours after meds
Term
what are 3 things that may exacerbate the symptoms of MS?
Definition
heat
epi
nitrous
Term
what are the 4 fat soluble vitamins
Definition
A, D, E, K
Term
where are fat soluble vitamins stored (2 locations)
Definition
liver and fat
Term
what is a symptom of vitamin A deficiency
Definition
night blindness
Term
what are 5 sources of vit A
Definition
fish
liver
milk
orange/yellow veggies
dark green veggies
Term
what vitamin is involved in absorption of calcium and phosphorus and plays a role in bone health and immunity
Definition
vitamin D
Term
what does a vitamin D deficiency result in for children and adults
Definition
children- rickets
adults- osteomalacia
Term
what are 3 dietary sources of vitamin D
Definition
sunlight
milk
fatty fish
Term
what fat soluble vitamin is an antioxidant
Definition
Vitamin E
Term
what are 2 dietary sources of vitamin E
Definition
vegetable oil
green leafy veggies
Term
high doses of what vitamin can result in increased gingival bleeding and interferes with blood coagulation
Definition
vit E
Term
what vitamin is involved in blood clotting (prothrombin)
Definition
vitamin K
Term
what are 3 dietary sources of vitamin K
Definition
green leafy veggies
canola oil
soybean oil
Term
what is the other name for vitamin B1
Definition
thiamine
Term
what is the other name for vitamin B2
Definition
riboflavin
Term
what is the other name for vitamin B3
Definition
niacin
Term
what is the other name for vitamin B12
Definition
cobalamin
Term
what is the other name for vitamin C
Definition
ascorbic acid
Term
what disease results from lack of thiamine
Definition
Beri Beri
Term
what vitamin is involved in nerve function and energy metabolism
Definition
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Term
deficiency of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) results in what 2 clinical manifestations
Definition
cheilosis
glossitis
Term
what vitamin can be created from tryptophan?
Definition
niacin
Term
deficiency of vitamin B3 can result in what condition?
Definition
Pellagra
Term
what are the 4 symptoms of pellagra
Definition
dementia
diarrhea
dermatitis
death
Term
what are 4 sources of vit B3 (niacin)
Definition
lean meat
fish
fortified/whole grains
sweet potatoes
Term
deficiency of vitamin B12 results in what condition
Definition
pernicious anemia
Term
what vitamin is involved in RBC development and folate metabolism
Definition
B12 (cobalamin)
Term
what is a dietary source of vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Definition
animal products
Term
what is needed for absorption of vitamin B12
Definition
intrinsic factor (from stomach)
Term
what vitamin is involved in forming DNA, RNA, and red blood cells
Definition
folate
Term
what are 4 results of folate deficiency
Definition
megaloblastic anemia
glossitis
diarrhea
spina bifada
Term
what are 3 dietary sources of folate
Definition
leafy greens
enriched paste, rice, cereal
fruits
Term
deficiency of what vitamin causes scurvy
Definition
vit C
Term
what population has an increased need for vitamin C
Definition
smokers
Term
which 2 cranial nerves control the muscles of the eyes
Definition
trochlear (4) and abducens (6)
Term
what is the taste innervation for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Definition
facial (7)
Term
what is the innervation for the sublingual and submandibular glands
Definition
(7)- chorda tympani
Term
what nerve is involved in taste and touch for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Definition
9- glossopharyngeal
Term
what nerve innervates the parotid gland
Definition
9- glossopharyngeal
Term
what nerve controls the muscles of the tongue
Definition
12- hypoglossal
Term
what are 3 nerves of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve
Definition
IAN, mental, lingual
Term
what is the innervation for the SCM and trapezius
Definition
11- accessory nerve
Term
what are the 3 major branches of the external carotid
Definition
maxillary
lingual
facial
Term
what does the maxillary branch of the external carotid supply? (3)
Definition
teeth
muscles of mastication
ear
Term
what does the lingual branch of the external carotid supply? (2)
Definition
tongue
floor of mouth
Term
what does the facial branch of the external carotid supply? (5)
Definition
muscles of facial expression
lips
eyelids
soft palate
throat
Term
what nerve is involved in the sense (touch) for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Definition
mandibular branch of the trigeminal
Term
what vascular structure can be pierced during a PSA injection
Definition
pterygoid plexus
Term
when does the upper lip form
Definition
6-8 weeks
Term
what embryonic structures form the upper lip (3)
Definition
median nasal process
R and L maxillary process
Term
when does the palate form?
Definition
6-12 weeks
Term
what embryonic structures form the palate (3)
Definition
globular process
R and L palatal shelves
Term
what is the embryonic precursor for the thyroid gland?
Definition
foramen caecum
Term
what is the only unencapsulated major salivary gland
Definition
sublingual
Term
what is the main salivary duct for the sublingual gland
Definition
Bartholin's duct
Term
what are the minor salivary gland openings for the sublingual gland
Definition
ducts of Rivinus
Term
what is a radiographic radiolucency associated with the submandibular gland?
Definition
stafne defect
Term
what is an oral sign of a mumps infection
Definition
swelling of the parotid gland
Term
what salivary gland produces amylase for starch digestion
Definition
parotid
Term
when does the stomodeum form?
Definition
week 3
Term
pulp and dentin form from what embryonic structure
Definition
dental papilla
Term
the enamel organ develops from what embryonic structure
Definition
dental lamina
Term
what structures develop from the dental sac
Definition
PDL
alveolar bone
cementum

SAC- PAC
Term
in what stage of tooth development does the enamel organ develop 4 distinct layers
Definition
bell stage
Term
what are the 4 layers of the matured enamel organ
Definition
OEE
stellate reticulum
stratum intermedium
IEE
Term
ameloblasts develop from what embryonic structure?
Definition
IEE of the enamel organ
Term
What does the OEE of the enamel organ develop into?
Definition
hertwig's root sheath
Term
what are remnants of hertwigs root sheath?
Definition
rests of malassez
Term
what is the thickening of ectoderm that forms tooth buds?
Definition
dental lamina
Term
what are remnants of dental lamina called?
Definition
rests of serres
Term
after tooth eruption, the enamel organ becomes the reduced enamel epithelium which develops into what mature structure?
Definition
junctional epithelium
Term
oblique ridges of molars run between which cusps?
Definition
DB to ML
Term
what kind of cementum is found at the apex of teeth
Definition
cellular
Term
what kind of cementum is found at the CEJ
Definition
acellular
Term
what kind of cementum can regenerate
Definition
cellular (at apex)
Term
what 2 teeth have 5 cusps?
Definition
maxillary and mandibular 1st molars
Term
what tooth is most likely to have a root with 2 canals
Definition
mand 1st molar (mesial root)
Term
what is the last deciduous tooth to erupt (2 options)
Definition
max cuspid
mandibular 2nd molar
Term
what is the last succedaneous tooth to erupt (2 options)
Definition
max cuspid
mand 2nd premolar
Term
taurodontism is commonly seen in people with what medical condition
Definition
Down's syndrome
Term
what developmental condition commonly presents with hypodontia
Definition
ectodermal dysplasia
Term
what developmental condition commonly presents with supernumerary teeth
Definition
cleidocranial dysplasia
Term
Gardner's syndrome presents with what 2 side effects
Definition
colon polyps (possibly malignant)
osteomas
Term
what is a radiographic feature of patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta?
Definition
obliterated pulp canals
Term
dentinogenesis imperfecta is commonly seen in patients with what other developmental condition
Definition
osteogenesis imperfecta
Term
teeth with internal resorption have what clinical appearance
Definition
pink
Term
what is another term for hypoadrenocorticism
Definition
addison's disease
Term
what is another term for hypercortisolism
Definition
cushing's disease
Term
what are 3 causes of hairy tongue
Definition
smoking
antibiotics
poor oral hygiene
Term
A papilloma is associated with what infection
Definition
HPV
Term
what is another name for skin warts
Definition
verruca vulgaris
Term
what is another name for genital warts
Definition
condyloma accuminatum
Term
what is the incubation period for primary herpes infections
Definition
1 week
Term
what is the term for pulp exposure due to chronic caries
Definition
chronic hyperplastic pulpitis
Term
decreased incidence of apthos ulcers are seen in what group?
Definition
smokers
Term
what virus is associated with kaposis sarcoma
Definition
Herpes virus (HHV-8)
Term
hairy leukoplakia is associated with what infection
Definition
epstein-barr virus
Term
where is hairy leukoplakia seen in the oral cavity
Definition
lateral sides of tongue
Term
what are 2 diseases associated with coxsackie viruses
Definition
herpangia
hand foot mouth disease
Term
what autoimmune conditions presents with bulls eye or target lesions
Definition
erythema multiforme
Term
what infection can trigger an outbreak for a person with erythema multiforme
Definition
herpes
Term
what is a more severe form of erythema multiforme
Definition
stevens-Johnson syndrome
Term
what condition presents with reticular lines called wickham striae
Definition
lichen planus
Term
sialoliths are most commonly associated with what major salivary gland?
Definition
submandibular
Term
what is the most common salivary gland tumor
Definition
pleomorphic adenoma
Term
where does squamous cell carcinoma metastasize to first?
Definition
cervical nodes
Term
atrophy of tongue papilla is seen with deficiencies in what 5 vitamins/minerals
Definition
riboflavin (B2)
niacin (B3)
folate
cobalamin (B12)
iron
Term
what radiolucent radiographic lesion is seen in the posterior mandible and has a high recurrence rate
Definition
odontogenic keratocyst
Term
what kind of cyst would lift the ala of the nose?
Definition
nasolabial cyst
Term
what is the term for malignant tumor of the epithelium
Definition
carcinoma
Term
what is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal tissue
Definition
sarcoma
Term
what is the term for a glandular tumor?
Definition
adenoma
Term
what is a tumor of connective tissue
Definition
fibroma
Term
what is a malignancy of plasma cells which results in a punched out appearance of the skull in radiographs?
Definition
multiple myeloma
Term
what is a soap bubble lesion in the posterior mandible
Definition
ameloblastoma
Term
an ameloblastoma looks like what other condition with a high recurrent rate?
Definition
odontogenic keratocyst
Term
what is a radiolucent lesion at the apex of anterior mandibular teeth which becomes more radiopaque as time passes
Definition
periapical cemental dysplasia
Term
what condition has a cotton-wool appearance in bone
Definition
paget's disease
Term
patients with pagets disease show an increase in what blood component
Definition
alkaline phosphate
Term
other than medications, what 5 conditions can result in gingival hyperplasia
Definition
mouthbreathing
inflammation
genetics
leukemia
hormones
Term
what are 4 genetic conditions that can result in periodontal disease
Definition
cyclic neutropenia
Down's syndrome
Papillion-LaFevre syndrome
Cheduak-Higashi
Term
what disease presents with hyperkeratosis of the hands and feet
Definition
Papillion-LaFevre syndrome
Term
What is the antibiotic of choice for NUG/NUP
Definition
tetracycline
Term
what is an increase in blood vessels in tissues
Definition
hyperemia
Term
hyperemia of the pulp and mild inflammation of the pulp due to deep restoration placement is known as?
Definition
reversible pulpitis
Term
are smokers at an increased risk for caries?
Definition
no
Term
what is the term for a loss of taste or altered taste
Definition
dysgeusia
Term
arachidonic acid is metabolized into what two immune mediators
Definition
prostaglandins
leukotrienes
Term
prostaglandins cause what body reaction
Definition
pain
Term
leukotrienes cause what body reaction
Definition
bronchoconstriction
Term
what form of medication administration is used when a sustained effect is desired
Definition
intramuscular
Term
what type of drug administration form is local anesthetic
Definition
subcutaneous
Term
what type of drug administration form is a TB test
Definition
intradermal
Term
what is another name for a TB test
Definition
Mantpoux test
Term
sublingual doses of medications are delivered where in the body (organ)
Definition
heart
Term
patients with asthma should not receive what pain reliever medication
Definition
aspirin
Term
what condition results if children are given aspirin
Definition
Reyes syndrome
Term
what medication is given to reduce saliva flow during surgery
Definition
atropine
Term
what medication is given to patients to increase salivary flow (such as patients with Sjogren's)
Definition
Pilocarpine
Term
ibuprofen (NSAIDS) interact with what 6 other medication classes
Definition
ACE inhibitors
aspirin
beta blockers
steroids
loop diuretics
lithium
Term
what other medication has a 10% cross allergenicity with penicillin
Definition
cephalosporin
Term
what antibiotic causes pseudomembranous colitis
Definition
clindamycin
Term
what is the priority for premedication (1st to last choice)
Definition
amoxicillin
cephalexin
clindamycin
azithromycin/clarithromycin
Term
what is the dosage for amoxicillin premed
Definition
2g
Term
what is the dosage for cephalexin premed
Definition
2g
Term
what is the dosage for clindamycin premed
Definition
600mg
Term
what is the dosage for azithromycin and clarithromycin premed
Definition
500mg
Term
what is the medication and dosage for a candida infection
Definition
nystatin 5ml 4/day for 2 weeks
Term
Prilocaine (citanest) should be avoided in patients with what 2 health conditions
Definition
anemia
taking acetaminophen
Term
what is the epi dose limit for a health patient
Definition
0.2mg
Term
what is the epi dose limit for a medically compromised patient
Definition
0.04mg
Term
what is the number of mg per pound for 2% lidocaine administration
Definition
3mg/pound
Term
what is the number of mg of lidocaine per cartridge
Definition
36 mg/cart
Term
what is the equation for calculating the number of cartridges of 2% lidocaine a patient can receive
Definition
(weight*3)/36mg per cart
Term
what is the total mg max for lidocaine, regardless of the patient weight?
Definition
500mg
Term
what drug class are medications ending in -pam
Definition
benzodiazepine
Term
Epinephrine is contraindicated in patients taking what class of medication? What is an example?
Definition
tricyclic antidepressants
Elavil (amitriptyline)
Term
what medication is used to treat partial seizures and trigeminal neuralgia
Definition
carbamazepine (tegretol)
Term
what is an oral medication used to manage asthma
Definition
theophylline
Term
what is an H2 blocker used for patients with GERD
Definition
Tagamet (cimetidine)
Term
in addition to warfarin, what is another anticoagulant that can cause increased bleeding
Definition
plavix (clopidogrel)
Term
what type of medication is lasix (furosemide)
Definition
loop diuretic
Term
loop diuretics create an imbalance of what compound
Definition
potassium (hypo)
Term
what cardiovascular medication can cause dysgeusia
Definition
ACE inhibitors
Term
medications ending in -pril are from what class?
Definition
ACE inhibitors
Term
is cocaine a stimulant or depressant? What happens to the pupils
Definition
stimulant (dilated)
Term
is heroin a stimulant or depressant? what happens to the pupils
Definition
depressant (pinpoint)
Term
what are the chemical compounds in developer
Definition
elon
hydroquinone
Term
what is the temp and time needed for developer exposure (manual)
Definition
68 degrees
5 minutes
Term
what is the chemical compound in fixer
Definition
sodium thiosulfate (hypo)
Term
what is the occupational MPD for one year
Definition
50 mSv
Term
what is the non-occupational MPD for one year
Definition
5 mSv
Term
what is the term for x-ray exposure in the air (old and new)
Definition
Roentgen / Coulomb
Term
what is the term for absorbed dose of radiation (old and new)
Definition
rad / gray
Term
what is the term for dose equivalent in man (old and new)
Definition
Rem / sievert
Term
what is the collimation width mandated by the FDA
Definition
2.75 inches
Term
what is the aluminum filtration thickness required by the FDA for machines operating over and under 70 kVp
Definition
above- 2.5mm
below- 1.5mm
Term
how thick is an aluminum vest and what is the percentage of absorption
Definition
0.25 mm thick
90%
Term
a pano is equivalent to how many bitewings in terms of radiation exposure
Definition
4 BWX
Term
How many watts can a safelight be and how far away from film should it be mounted
Definition
7 1/2 or 15 watts
4 ft away
Term
what medication has a side effect of producing a dry cough
Definition
ACE inhibitors
Term
what is the dosage for nitroglycerine during an angina attack
Definition
1 tab every 5 minutes (3 tabs max)
Term
nitroglycerine should only be given during an attack if the systolic BP is above what?
Definition
100
Term
what is the term for sweating
Definition
diaphoresis
Term
what is an appointment modification for patients with arrythmias
Definition
no epi
Term
digoxin, used to treat CHF, can cause what side effect
Definition
increased gag reflex
Term
Should you use an air polisher or US scaler on a patient with congestive heart failure?
Definition
no- inhibits breathing
Term
how long should you defer dental treatment after a patient has had coronary artery bypass sx
Definition
6 weeks
Term
Can patients with asthma receive local anesthetic?
Definition
yes, as long as there is no epi. Bisulfides in the preservative can trigger an attack
Term
what is the respiratory condition known as a "pink puffer" with a dry cough
Definition
emphysema
Term
what is the respiratory condition known as the blue bloater with a wet cough
Definition
bronchitis
Term
what is the recommended recall for a patient with HIV
Definition
3 months
Term
what is a normal platelet range
Definition
150,000
Term
what are 4 clinical signs in a patient with sickle cell
Definition
pale mucosa
delayed eruption
papillary atrophy
hair on end skull appearance (radiographs)
Term
when should patients on renal dialysis be scheduled
Definition
the day after dialysis
Term
patients with renal failure are more prone to what 2 conditions
Definition
hep B/C
HIV
Term
What treatment modality should be avoided for patients suffering from renal failure
Definition
air polishing
Term
what is the serological marker for a patient who has active hep B
Definition
HBsAg
Term
what is the serological marker for a patient who is immune to hep B
Definition
Anti-HBsAg
Term
Addison's disease can result from damage to the adrenal glands caused by what previous infection
Definition
TB
Term
what are 4 signs of insulin shock (hypoglycemia)
Definition
tachycardia
sweating
shakiness
visual problems
*drunken appearance
Term
what are 6 signs of diabetic coma (hyperglycemia)
Definition
deep rapid sweet smelling breathing
polydipsia
polyurea
polyphagia
fever
dry skin
Term
exophthalmos is seen in what condition
Definition
hyperthyroidism
Term
what 2 things can cause a goiter
Definition
lack of iodine in the diet
hyperthyroidism
Term
grave's disease is associated with what thyroid dysfunction
Definition
hyperthyroid
Term
what causes cerebral palsy
Definition
lack of oxygen during birth
Term
what can help control the involuntary movements associated with cerebral palsy
Definition
Nitrous
Term
what spinal level injury (and below) results in the ability to perform self care with devices
Definition
C7 and below
Term
injury to what level of the spine would result in need for a ventilator
Definition
C4
Term
what home care recommendation is contraindicated in patients with alzheimers
Definition
fluoride
antimicrobials
Term
when is the best time to schedule patients with ADD/ ADHD
Definition
mid morning
Term
what is a temporary unilateral facial paralysis that can result from viral infection or pregnancy
Definition
Bells Palsy
Term
what are 7 drug classes that can cause xerostomia
Definition
adrenergics
anticholinergics
antidepressants (SSRI, tricyclic)
antihistamines
diuretics
calcium channel blockers
methamphetamines
Term
what bacterial genus lacks a cell wall and is therefore unaffected by penicillin
Definition
mycoplasma
Term
if a BP cuff is too large, will the BP be higher or lower than normal
Definition
lower
Term
what is the order of syphilis lesions
Definition
chancer
rash
gumma
Term
what bacteria colonizes gingival crevices
Definition
S. milleri
Term
what bacteria colonizes oral soft tissues
Definition
s. salivarius
Term
what bacteria colonizes non-keratinized oral tissues
Definition
S. mitior
Term
what bacteria colonizes oral hard sufaces
Definition
s. mutans
Term
what bacteria colonizes the tongue and saliva of children
Definition
S. naeslundii
Term
what test can be done chairside to ID perio pathogens
Definition
BANA enzymatic test
Term
what bacteria primarily colonizes the tongue
Definition
S. sanguis and salivarius
Term
scalloping around roots is seen in what radiographic lesion
Definition
traumatic bone cyst
Term
what is seen when an inner shell electron is ejected and low level energy is generated when an outer shell electron shifts to an inner vacancy
Definition
photoelectric effect
Term
what occurs when an incident electron ejects an outer shell electron
Definition
compton effect
Term
what occurs when an electron passes near an outer shell electron and causes vibration and ionization
Definition
thompson scatter
Term
what occurs when outer shell electrons move to fill voids left by the ejection of electrons from the inner shells of the target material atoms.
Definition
discrete / characteristic radiation
Term
what is produced when the slowing down process results in a transference of the electron's kinetic energy into x-ray energy.
Definition
Bremsstrahlung radiation
Term
where does a potassium sparing diuretic act?
Definition
distal convoluted tubule
Term
where do loop diuretics act?
Definition
thick segments of ascending limbs
Term
where do thiazide diuretics act?
Definition
distal convoluted tubule
Term
what are average probing depths (with normal gingival contour) for early, moderate, and advanced periodontitis
Definition
early- 3-4mm
moderate- 5-6
advanced-7 and above
Term
what are 4 conditions associated with end stage renal disease
Definition
hypertension
bleeding (heparin therapy)
antiobiotic premed due to shunt
decreased drug metabolism
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