Term
| Classic Finding for: WBC casts in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Soap bubble on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Chocolate cysts” |
|
Definition
| Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Alport’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Recurrent pulmonary Pseudomonas and S. aureus infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Port-wine stain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Birbeck granules on EM |
|
Definition
| Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pseudorosettes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Kussmaul hyperpnea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Wire loop” appearance on LM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome |
|
Definition
| Adrenal hemorrhage associated with meningococcemia |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Wallenberg’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery thrombosis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Wilson’s disease |
|
Definition
| Hepatolenticular degeneration |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Orphan Annie” nuclei |
|
Definition
| Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Kaposi’s sarcoma |
|
Definition
| AIDS in MSM (men who have sex with men) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Currant-jelly sputum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Libman-Sacks disease |
|
Definition
| Endocarditis associated with SLE |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: McBurney’s sign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pancoast’s tumor |
|
Definition
| Bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner’s syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Worst headache of my life” |
|
Definition
| Berry aneurysm—associated with adult polycystic kidney disease |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
| Wegener’s and Goodpasture’s (hemoptysis and glomerular disease) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Rash on palms and soles |
|
Definition
| 2° syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Red urine in the morning |
|
Definition
| Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Antihistone antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Painless jaundice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Low serum ceruloplasmin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Osler’s nodes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: HLA-B27 |
|
Definition
| Reiter’s syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Heterophil antibodies |
|
Definition
| Infectious mononucleosis (EBV) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Bell’s palsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Clue cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Hypertension + hypokalemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of the skull |
|
Definition
| Hand-Schüller-Christian disease |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: von Recklinghausen’s disease of bone |
|
Definition
| Osteitis fibrosa cystica (“brown tumor”) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Periosteal elevation on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: RBC casts in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Smith antigen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Sulfur granules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Gilbert’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Renal epithelial casts in urine |
|
Definition
| Acute toxic/viral nephrosis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: HLA-DR3 or -DR4 |
|
Definition
| Diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of β cells) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Guillain-Barré syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Reiter’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Hyperpigmentation of skin |
|
Definition
| 1° adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pott’s disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Hypochromic microcytosis |
|
Definition
| Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Pink puffer” |
|
Definition
| Emphysema (centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [α1-antitrypsin deficiency]) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl ) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Condylomata lata |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Blue sclera |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Horner’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Sheehan’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Postpartum pituitary necrosis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Lewy bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Hypersegmented neutrophils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Increased uric acid levels |
|
Definition
| Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Strawberry tongue” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomas |
|
Definition
| von Hippel–Lindau disease |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Actinic keratosis |
|
Definition
| Often precedes squamous cell carcinoma (pre malignant) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Starry-sky pattern |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Neurofibrillary tangles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Eburnation |
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Plummer-Vinson syndrome |
|
Definition
| Esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Cold intolerance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pannus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Hair-on-end” appearance on x-ray |
|
Definition
| β-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoiesis) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
|
Definition
| Gastrin-secreting tumor associated with ulcers |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Lytic bone lesions on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Koplik spots |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Mallory bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: t(9;22) |
|
Definition
| Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl hybrid) Massive Splenomegaly |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Lesch-Nyhan syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: MLF syndrome (INO) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Occupational exposure to asbestos |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Sjögren’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Blue bloater” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies) |
|
Definition
| SLE (type III hypersensitivity) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Tabes dorsalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia |
|
Definition
| Scurvy (ascorbic acid, vitamin C deficiency)—vitamin C is necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Lumpy-bumpy” appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence |
|
Definition
| Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: hCG elevated |
|
Definition
| Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocility |
|
Definition
| Klüver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: McArdle’s disease |
|
Definition
| Muscle phosphorylase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pompe’s disease |
|
Definition
| Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Auer rods |
|
Definition
| Acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: High-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) |
|
Definition
| Wet beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Chancre |
|
Definition
| 1° syphilis (not painful) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Eisenmenger’s complex |
|
Definition
| Late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L → R shunt becomes R → L shunt) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Raynaud’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Recurrent vasospasm in extremities |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Owl’s eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Kayser-Fleischer rings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Koilocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Cheyne-Stokes respirations |
|
Definition
| Central apnea in CHF and ↑ intracranial pressure |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Job’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Chronic atrophic gastritis |
|
Definition
| Predisposition to gastric carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Spike and dome on EM |
|
Definition
| Membranous glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: WBCs in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Simian crease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Basophilic stippling of RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Erythema chronicum migrans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Shwartzman reaction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Burkitt’s lymphoma |
|
Definition
| 8:14 translocation; associated with EBV |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Bence Jones proteins |
|
Definition
| Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine), Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (IgM) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Babinski’s sign |
|
Definition
| UMN lesion (if seen in adults) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Bernard-Soulier disease |
|
Definition
| Defect in platelet adhesion |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Hand-Schüller-Christian disease |
|
Definition
| Chronic progressive histiocytosis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Gaucher’s disease |
|
Definition
| Glucocerebrosidase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: t(8;14) |
|
Definition
| Burkitt’s lymphoma (c-myc activation) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Ghon focus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Heinz bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Gardner’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Fatty liver |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Erb-Duchenne palsy |
|
Definition
| Superior trunk brachial plexus injury (“waiter’s tip”) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Elastic skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Brown tumor” of bone |
|
Definition
| Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen’s disease) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Edwards’ syndrome |
|
Definition
| Trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, heart disease |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy |
|
Definition
| Deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Buerger’s disease |
|
Definition
| Small/medium-artery vasculitis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Goodpasture’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Keratin pearls |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Branching rods in oral infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Parkinson’s disease |
|
Definition
| Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Reed-Sternberg cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: “Bamboo spine” on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Nutmeg liver |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Janeway lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Negri bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Tendon xanthomas (classically Achilles) |
|
Definition
| Familial hypercholesterolemia |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Anti–epithelial cell antibodies |
|
Definition
| Pemphigus vulgaris (attacks Desmosomes) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Chvostek’s sign |
|
Definition
| Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Bouchard’s nodes |
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis (PIP swelling 2° to osteophytes) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Café-au-lait spots on skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Roth’s spots in retina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra |
|
Definition
| Parkinson’s disease (basal ganglia disorder––rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Cushing’s ulcer |
|
Definition
| Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Boutonnière deformity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Myxedema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Anti–basement membrane antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Senile plaques |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Lisch nodules |
|
Definition
| Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen’s disease) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Addison’s disease |
|
Definition
| 1° adrenocortical deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Antimitochondrial antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: von Recklinghausen’s disease |
|
Definition
| Neurofibromatosis with café-au-lait spots |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Niemann-Pick disease |
|
Definition
| Sphingomyelinase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis |
|
Definition
| Horner’s syndrome (Pancoast’s tumor) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Skip lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Monoclonal antibody spike |
|
Definition
| Multiple myeloma (usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), Waldenström’s (IgM) macroglobulinemia |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Streaky ovaries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjunctivitis sicca |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Albuminocytologic dissociation |
|
Definition
| Guillain-Barré (↑ protein in CSF with only modest ↑ in cell count) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Atrophy of the mammillary bodies |
|
Definition
| Wernicke’s encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Becker’s muscular dystrophy |
|
Definition
| Defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne’s |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Slapped cheeks |
|
Definition
| Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Antiplatelet antibodies |
|
Definition
| Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Anticentromere antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Crescents in Bowman’s capsule |
|
Definition
| Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea |
|
Definition
| Pellagra (niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Aschoff bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: t(14;18) |
|
Definition
| Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Cherry-red spot on macula |
|
Definition
| Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Codman’s triangle on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Councilman bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pigmented oral mucosa |
|
Definition
| Adrenal Insufficiency "Addisons" Disease due to increase MSH |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Brown pigmented spots on the lips |
|
Definition
| Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Beefy red mucosa under a denture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: White oral plaques that rub off |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Punched out gums |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Cold agglutinins |
|
Definition
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Argyll Robertson pupil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Mallory-Weiss syndrome |
|
Definition
| Esophagogastric lacerations |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Bruton’s disease |
|
Definition
| X-linked agammaglobulinemia |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Albright’s syndrome |
|
Definition
| Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, café-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls |
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Antigliadin antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Berger’s disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic Finding for: Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals |
|
Definition
|
|
