Term
| Categories and ages of elderly |
|
Definition
young elderly: 65 to 74 years
old elderly: 75 to 84 years
old, old elderly or old and frail elderly: >85 years |
|
|
Term
| Genetic Theory of Aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| aging is intrinsic to the organism; genes are programmed to modulate aging changes, overall rate of progression |
|
|
Term
| Hayflick Limit Theory (doubling/biological clock) Theory (definition) |
|
Definition
| functional deterioration within cells is due to limited number of genetically programmed cell replications |
|
|
Term
| Free radical theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| free radicals are highly reactive and toxic forms of oxygen produced by cell mitochondria. The realeased radicals wreak havoc on an aging body. |
|
|
Term
| Intrinsic Mutagenesis (cell mutation) theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| errors int he synthesis of proteins (DNA, RNA) leads to exponential cascade of abnormal proteins and aging changes |
|
|
Term
| Hormonal theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| functional decrements in neurons and their associated hormones lead to aging changes |
|
|
Term
| Immunity theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| thymus size decreases, shrivels by puberty, becomes less functional; bone marrow cell efficiency decreases; results in steady decrease in immune responses during adulthood |
|
|
Term
| Activity theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| older persons who are socially active exhibit improved adjustment to the aging process; allows continued role enactment essential for positive self-image and improved life satisfaction |
|
|
Term
| Disengagement theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| distancing of an individual or withdrawal from society; reduction in social roles leads to further isolation and life dissatisfaction |
|
|
Term
| Dependency theory of aging (definition) |
|
Definition
| increasing reliance on others for meeting physical and emotional needs; focus is increasingly on self |
|
|
Term
| Strategies to slow or reverse skeletal changes in aging adults |
|
Definition
postural exercises (good posture)
weight bearing (gravity-loading) exercise
nutritional, hormonal and medical therapies |
|
|
Term
| Strategies to slow or reverse muscular changes in aging adults |
|
Definition
improve health (correct medical problems, improve nutrition, address substance/alcohol abuse)
increase levels of physical activity
provide strength training
provide flexibility and ROM exercises |
|
|
Term
| Strategies to slow or reverse neurological changes in aging adults |
|
Definition
correct medical problems (improve cerebral blood flow)
improve health
increase levels of physical activity
provide effective strategies to improve motor learning and control |
|
|
Term
| Meniere's disease (definition) |
|
Definition
| episodic attacks characterized by tinnitus, dizziness, and a sensation of fullness or pressure in the ears; may also experience sensorineural hearing loss |
|
|
Term
| Benign paroxymal positional vertigo (BPPV) (definition) |
|
Definition
| brief periods of vertigo (less than 1 minute) associated with position change; the result of degeneration of the utricular otoconia that settle on the capula of the posterior semicircular canal |
|
|
Term
| Strategies to slow or reverse cognitive changes in aging adults |
|
Definition
improve health
increase physical activity
increase mental activity
provide multiple sensory cues to compensate for sensory loss
provide stimulating, "enriching" environment
reduce stress |
|
|
Term
| Strategies to slow or reverse cardiopulmonary changes in aging adults |
|
Definition
complete a cardiopulmonary assessment prior to commencing exercise program
individual exercise prescription
aerobic training programs
improve overall daily activity levels |
|
|
