Term
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Definition
| meaningless imitation of another person's movements |
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Term
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Definition
| repetition of fixed patterns of movement and speech |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive motor and cognitive activity, usually nonproductive |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased or slowed motor and cognitive activity |
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Term
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Definition
| state of restlessness characterized by an urgent need for movement |
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Term
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Definition
| irregularity or failure of muscle coordination upon movement |
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Term
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Definition
| speech that is delayed in reaching the point and contains excessive and irrelevant details |
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Term
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Definition
| abrupt changing of focus to a loosely associated topic |
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Term
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Definition
| persistent focus on a previous topic or behavior after a new topic or behavior has been introduced |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to rapid shifts in thoughts from one idea to another |
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Term
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Definition
| interruption of a thought process before it is carried through to completion |
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Term
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Definition
| limited in amount and content |
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Term
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Definition
| responses that are given only when spoken to directly |
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Term
| expressive aphasia (Broca's) |
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Definition
| disturbance in which the individual knows what he/she wants to say, but cannot say it. |
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Term
| Receptive Aphasia (Wernicke's) |
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Definition
| is organic loss of the ability to comprehend what has been said |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to name objects |
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Term
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Definition
| involves all forms of aphasia |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to understand and interpret the significance of sensory input |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to identify objects through touch |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to recognize people and objects |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to carry out specific motor tasks in the absence of sensory or motor impairment |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to perform rapidly alternating movements |
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Term
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Definition
| is a subjective sense of being unreal or inanimate |
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Term
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Definition
| is a subjective sense that the environment is unreal |
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Term
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Definition
| state of serious depersonalization, often involving relocation in which the person takes on a new identity with amnesia for his/her old identity |
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Term
| dissociative identity disorder |
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Definition
| involves the appearance that an individual has developed two or more distinct personalities |
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Term
|
Definition
| inability to recall past experiences or personal identity |
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Term
|
Definition
| inability to remember events that occurred prior to the precipitating event |
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Term
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Definition
| person has uninterrupted period of illness during which, at some time, there is a major depressive episode, a manic episode, or a mixed episode concurrent with symptoms that meet criterion A symptoms for schizophrenia |
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Term
| schizophreniform disorder |
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Definition
| individual meets the criteria for schizophrenia; however the episode lasts more than 1 month and less than 6 months |
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Term
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Definition
| individual's predominant symptoms are non-bizarre delusions with the absence of other criterion A symptoms of schizophrenia |
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Term
|
Definition
| individual experiences at least one day but less than one month with one or more criterion A symptoms of schizophrenia which result from severe psychological stress |
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Term
| dependent personality disorder |
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Definition
lack self-confidence
experience discomfort when alone for more than a brief period |
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Term
| avoidant personality disorder |
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Definition
| extreme sensitivity to rejection which may lead to a socially withdrawn life |
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Term
| narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
grandiose
heightened sense of self-importance |
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Term
| cluster A personality disorders |
|
Definition
1. paranoid, schizoid, & schizotypal
2. preceived as "odd" or "eccentric" |
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Term
| I.D. (intellectual disorders) |
|
Definition
genetic conditions
metabolic conditions
prenatal infections |
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Term
| purging type of Bulimia Nervosa |
|
Definition
trying to prevent weight gain by:
-self induced vomiting
-laxatives/diuretics
-fasting
-excessive exercising |
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Term
|
Definition
-binge eating disorder (BED)
-recurrent episodes of binge eating until umcomfortably full without purging |
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Term
| Histrionic Personality disorder |
|
Definition
an inability to maintain deep, long-lasting attachments with accompanying flamboyant presentation.
colorful/dramatic/excitable |
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Term
| Borderline personality disorder |
|
Definition
-majority of pt. have hx of trauma
- unstable, affect, mood, behavior
-fear of real or imagined abandonment leads to frantic efforts to avoid it
- recurrent self-destructive or self-mutilating bx |
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Term
|
Definition
| bx must be inflexible & maladaptive across a broad range of personal |
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Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
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Definition
| 6 months of persistent and excessive unfocused anxiety & worry |
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Term
| paranoid personality disorder |
|
Definition
-mistrust of people
-can appear hostile, irritable & angry
- suspiciousness |
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Term
|
Definition
- organic brain pathology
- 1/110 live births
- prognosis ...poor...70% of children need supervised living setting |
|
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Term
| obsessive compulsive disorder |
|
Definition
-obesessions are recurrent & Persistent thoughts, images that are disturbing intrusive inappropriate
-compulsions are repetitative Bx |
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Term
| Cluster B personality disorders |
|
Definition
1. antisocial borderline, histrionic & narcissistic
2. dramatic, emotional, erratic |
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Term
|
Definition
| - recurrent episodes of binge eating (eating a large amount of food). |
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Term
| personality disorders NOS |
|
Definition
-passive aggressive
-depressive
-sadomasochistic
-sadistic |
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Term
| oppositional defiant disorder |
|
Definition
| negativistic, hostile, definat Bx that results in functional impairments |
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Term
|
Definition
| disregard for the rights of others leading to aggression towards people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness, theft, or serious violation of rules |
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Term
| obsessive-compulsive personality disorder |
|
Definition
different than OCD!
-pervasive pattern of perfectionism and inflexibility
-emotional constriction, orderliness, perseverance, stubborness & indecisiveness |
|
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Term
| post traumatic stress disorder |
|
Definition
| persistent re-experiencing (more than 1 month) of an extremely traumatic event that produces symptoms of increased arousal |
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Term
|
Definition
- normal IQ
-high level social skills
-good prognosis
-restricted interests and Bx
-difficulty with social interactions
-delayed developmental milestones
- characterized by clumsiness |
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Term
|
Definition
-life long pattern of social withdrawl
-discomfort with human interaction
- bland, constricted affect
-eccentric, isolated or lonely |
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Term
| Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) |
|
Definition
impairments in:
-social interactions
-communication
-motor behavior
-interests
-activities |
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Term
|
Definition
| neurochemical dysfunction related to neurotransmitters in the adrenergic and dopaminergic systems |
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Term
|
Definition
must be evidence of tolerance and withdrawl
(substance is not used for pleasure but to prevent withdrawl symptoms) |
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Term
|
Definition
difficulty with memory only but sufficient to cause functional difficulty.
Examples:
-MS, CVA, Korsakoff's syndrome, TBI, alcohol blackouts, ECT |
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Term
|
Definition
disturbances of memory & cognitive deficits
-decrease in person's previous level of cognitive skills
-causes: alzheimers, vascular, parkinsons, AIDS, picks disease, alcoholism |
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Term
|
Definition
-odd or strange in their thinking and Bx
-peculiar ideas, illusions, derealization, magical thinking |
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Term
|
Definition
| must be cont. use despite serious consequences |
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Term
|
Definition
-2 week period of depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure
-hopelessness, decreased energy, isolative, brooding, tearful, irritable, substance abuse, social difficulties, obsessive thinking |
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Term
|
Definition
prognosis: a child may live 10 years following onset.
thought to be attributed to a genetic metabolic disorder
1/10,000 girls |
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Term
|
Definition
-criminal acts
-inability to conform to social norms
-lack remorse
-no regard for the safety and feelings of others |
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Term
| Cluster C personality disorders |
|
Definition
1. avoidant, dependent, OCD, those not otherwise specified
2. anxious/fearful |
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Term
| Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) |
|
Definition
onset begins before age 5
high risk for prevalence in young people in foster care and orphanages
two types (inhibited and disinhibited) |
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Term
|
Definition
1. failure to respond or initiate in a developmentally appropriate way to social interactions
2. interactions are inhibited/ hyperviligant/ ambivalent |
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Term
|
Definition
1. indiscriminate sociability
2. excessive familiarity with strangers or lack of selectivity |
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Term
|
Definition
denial of seriousness
refusual to maintain body weight at or above normal range
intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat
disturbance in the way one's body image or shape is experienced |
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Term
|
Definition
-episodic periods of intense anxiety- chronic periods of lower levels of anxiety
-internal sense of apprehension and psychological distress |
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Term
| What are some foods that people who take MAOI's need to avoid? |
|
Definition
| amino acid tyramine, cheese, pickled foods, cured or smoked meats, liver, chocolate, beer & red wine, soy, yeast extracts, yogurt, sour cream, fruits that ripen to eat, fava beans, peapods |
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Term
|
Definition
| hypertension, anxiety, dizziness, sedation, nervousness, weight gain, nausea, sweating |
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Term
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
|
Definition
complication from anti-psychotic meds
-an autonomic EMERGENCY leading to increased b.p., tachycardia, sweating, convulsions, & coma |
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Term
| side effects of anxiety meds: |
|
Definition
| drowsiness, ataxia, headache, nausea, depression, dependence |
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Term
|
Definition
| deterioration of the integrity of the skin results from repetitive stereotypical movements |
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|
Term
| In Rett's _________ is common. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| side effects of antidepressant meds: |
|
Definition
| nausea, headache, sexual dysfunction, insomnia |
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|
Term
| When is the most dangerous time for individuals with depression? |
|
Definition
| when depression begins to lift and person becomes mobilized |
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Term
| If someone on MAOI's has a severe headache or palpitations this can be the first sign of __________________crisis and meds should be stopped immediately and the physician consulted. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of behavioral system is used with people who have anorexia? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| eating disorders impact on function: |
|
Definition
ADL- self care, eating, feeding,
IADL- shopping for clothes, food, meal prep, health management
Social- secrecy and shame, depressed |
|
|
Term
| The building of_______is essential for effective intervention with pts. who have anorexia nervosa. |
|
Definition
| trust- due to secrecy, guilt, anger, resistance |
|
|
Term
| consistency of ___________ is crucial for program effectiveness with pts. who have anorexia nervosa. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For ADHD...
training in _________skills and __________ can improve adaptive Bx. |
|
Definition
| social skills & self-management |
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|
Term
| OT intervention for cognitive disorders... |
|
Definition
| education in compensatory strategies & total care |
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|
Term
| ADD and ADHD OT treatments: |
|
Definition
- environmental modifications
-activity adaptations to structure home environment
-use of lists, datebooks, text reminders
-training in social skills and self management |
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|
Term
| What can OTs do to decrease the pt.'s fear of losing control? |
|
Definition
-limit setting
- increase participation in intervention process
-promote safety |
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|
Term
| Substance abuse (S.A) impacts on function: |
|
Definition
disinterest and ability to care for self
- difficulty with loss of personal relationships
-inability to hold job
-legal system |
|
|
Term
| What are some diagnostic considerations for people with RAD? |
|
Definition
-high level of structure
-consistency
-goals need to be specific, realistic and attainable |
|
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Term
|
Definition
nondirective play therapy
sensory
attachment therapy
psychotherapy combined with psychoeducation |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-children are frustrating to work with and difficult to parent
-frequently lie
-hoarding food
-project blame for their actions
-affectionate with strangers |
|
|
Term
For eating disorders...
education on________ & ____________ are key. |
|
Definition
nutritional food management
&
development of healthy leisure time |
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|
Term
| OT intervention for personality disorder |
|
Definition
-CBT
-DBT
-may increase functioning and coping skills |
|
|
Term
| ______ related areas of interest and _____activities should be persued to promote a reality-based body image and foster increased coping for people with eating disorders. |
|
Definition
non-food related
&
meaningful and purposeful activities |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-adaptive and positioning equipment
-eg. dynamic elbow splint to inhibit a hand to mouth pattern (secondary to skin breakdown) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-sensorimotor
-social interaction
-vocational readiness
-community participation skills relevant to child's level |
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|
Term
| Anxiety specific Tx for OT? |
|
Definition
-CBT skills training
-stress and relaxation management
-graded activity designed to promote self efficacy |
|
|
Term
| for pt.'s with anxiety we want to promote: |
|
Definition
-self confidence
-motivation
-participation |
|
|
Term
| what is the most effective "medical management" for adolescents with Oppositional defiant disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Behavioral characteristics of Bulimia Nervosa? |
|
Definition
-obsessed with appearance & attractiveness to the opposite sex
-likely to be sexually active and maintain a normal body weight |
|
|
Term
| stages of muscle tone for those with Rett's? |
|
Definition
1. hypotonic
2. spasticity
3. rigidity |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of ADD and ADHD: |
|
Definition
-lack of attention to detail
-poor listening
-limited in follow through of task
-difficulty with organization
-avoidance of tasks that require sustained attention
-tendency to lose things
-distractibilty
-forgetfulness |
|
|
Term
| MAOI (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) meds |
|
Definition
|
|
