Term
| dilatation of the arch of the aorta, associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, Marfan’s syndrome and tertiary syphilis; |
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Definition
| Aneurysm of the arch of the aorta: |
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Term
| presents with a cough and a tracheal tug; chest x-ray will show widening of the superior mediastinum, CT scan will confirm the aneurysm |
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Definition
| Aneurysm of the arch of the aorta: |
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Term
| valvular heart disease often caused by rheumatic fever, may be associated with Marfan’s syndrome and syphilitic aortitis; |
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Definition
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Term
| presents with titubation and a diastolic murmur heard best in the 2nd right intercostal space near the sternum; echocardiography will confirm the diagnosis |
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Definition
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Term
| valvular heart disease often caused by rheumatic fever; presents with angina and a systolic murmur heard best in the 2nd right intercostal space parasternally; echocardiography will confirm the diagnosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| compression of the heart by fluid or blood within the pericardial sac; may be infective or traumatic in origin; |
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Definition
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Term
| presents with distant heart sounds, high jugular venous pressure and hypotension; echocardiography will confirm the diagnosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| congenital narrowing of the aorta just beyond the left subclavian artery; |
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Definition
| Coarctation of the aorta: |
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Term
| presents with hypertension in the upper limbs and a delayed radiofemoral pulse; CT scan will confirm the diagnosis. |
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Definition
| Coarctation of the aorta: |
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Term
| inability of the heart to effectively pump blood out; may be caused by coronary heart disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease or congenital heart defects; |
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Definition
| Congestive Heart Failure: |
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Term
| presents with dyspnea on exertion, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, basal crackles in both lungs, distended jugular veins and bilateral ankle edema; |
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Definition
| Congestive Heart Failure: |
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Term
| BNP >500 pg/dL will confirm the diagnosis |
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Definition
| Congestive Heart Failure: |
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Term
| most common cyanotic congenital heart disease, characterized by pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect and an overriding aorta; |
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Definition
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Term
| presents with failure to thrive due to poor feeding, cyanosis, clubbing of the fingers and a loud pansystolic murmur heard best in the 3rd left intercostal space parasternally; |
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Definition
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Term
| chest x-ray will show a boot-shaped heart. |
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Definition
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Term
| overactive thyroid gland with excess production of thyroxin; |
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Definition
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Term
| presents with a goiter, tachycardia, bilateral exophthalmos and a fine tremor of the outstretched hands. |
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Definition
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Term
| T3 and T4 will be high and TSH will be low [Graves disease]. |
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Definition
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Term
| valvular heart disease often caused by rheumatic fever; |
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Definition
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Term
| presents with a pansystolic murmur heard best in the 5th left intercostal space in the midclavicular line; echocardiography will confirm the diagnosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| valvular heart disease often caused by rheumatic fever; presents with a malar flush and a diastolic murmur heard best in the 5th left intercostal space in the midclavicular line. |
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Definition
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Term
| breakaway clot from a deep vein thrombus causing obstruction to the pulmonary artery or a branch; |
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Definition
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Term
| presents with sudden onset of dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain and hemoptysis; |
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Definition
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Term
| d-dimer test is positive, lung perfusion scan or spiral CT scan of the chest is diagnostic. |
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Definition
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Term
| disease caused by infection of previously damaged heart valves by Streptococcus viridans; |
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Definition
| Subacute bacterial endocarditis: |
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Term
| presents with fatigue, anemia, splinter hemorrhages and clubbing of the fingers; |
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Definition
| Subacute bacterial endocarditis: |
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Term
| blood cultures will grow the causative organism which is associated with dental caries |
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Definition
| Subacute bacterial endocarditis: |
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Term
| congenital occlusion of the subclavian artery with shunting of blood via the vertebral arteries; |
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Definition
| Subclavian steal syndrome: |
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Term
| presents with syncope especially on upper body exercise and a radio-radial delay; |
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Definition
| Subclavian steal syndrome: |
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Term
| MRA will confirm the diagnosis. |
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Definition
| Subclavian steal syndrome: |
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Term
| obstruction of the SVC by a large mass in the superior mediastinum; often seen in lymphoma; |
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Definition
| Superior Vena Cava obstruction: |
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Term
| presents with edema of the face and distended neck and upper limb veins; chest x-ray will show widening of the superior mediastinum and CT scan will show the mass. |
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Definition
| Superior Vena Cava obstruction: |
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