Term
| 1. These are the 2 branches of the autonomic nervous system. |
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Definition
| SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEMS |
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Term
| 2. The _____ nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3. The _____ nervous system is responsible for the rest and digest response. |
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Definition
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Term
| 4. Where does the sympathetic division of the ANS originate? |
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Definition
| THE POSTERIOR NUCLEI OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS |
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Term
| 5. The preganglionic ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system is derived from the _____ horn of the spinal cord from _____. |
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Definition
| INTEMEDIOLATERAL HORN; T1-L4 |
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Term
| 6. The sympathetic division of the ANS is connected to the thoracic spinal nerves by _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| WHITE AND GREY RAMI COMMUNICANTES |
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Term
| 7. _____ fibers of the sympathetic nervous system are short and myelinated input fibers. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8. _____ fibers of the sympathetic nervous system are long unmyelinated output fibers. |
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Definition
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Term
| 9. The preganglionic fibers pass on to other ganglia in the periphery where they synapse the splanchnic nerves in the _____, _____ and _____ ganglia in the abdomen before going out to the gut, aorta and kidneys. |
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Definition
| CELIAC, SUPERIOR MESENTERIC, AND AORTICO-RENAL GANGLIA |
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Term
| 10. The _____plexus of the sympathetic nervous system is derived from T1-T4 ganglia. |
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Definition
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Term
| 11. The _____ nerves are derived from T5-9 ganglia and terminate in the celiac ganglion. |
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Definition
| GREATER SPLANCHNIC NERVES |
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Term
| 12. The _____ nerves are from the T10-11 ganglia and terminate in the superior mesenteric ganglion. |
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Definition
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Term
| 13. The _____ nerves are from T12, and terminate in the aortico-renal ganglion. |
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Definition
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Term
| 14. The _____ nerves are from L1 and L2. |
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Definition
| INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC NERVES |
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Term
| 15. Sympathetic fibers are distributed to these 5 places. |
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Definition
| 1) SMOOTH MUSCLE IN BLOOD VESSELS, 2) BRONCHI, 3) GUT, 4) ARRECTOR PILLI, 5) SWEAT GLANDS OF THE SKIN |
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Term
| 16. The main end organ neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system is _____, except for the sweat glands in which _____ is the transmitter. |
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Definition
| NOREPINEPHRINE, ACETYLCHOLINE |
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Term
| 17. The neurotransmitter in the sympathetic ganglia is _____, which has a _____ receptor. |
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Definition
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Term
| 18. Where does the parasympathetic nervous system originate? |
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Definition
| ANTERIOR NUCLEI OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS |
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Term
| 19. These 5 nerve roots are involved in the parasympathetic nervous system. |
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Definition
| 1) CN III, 2) CN VII, 3) CN IX, 4) CN X, 5) S2-S4 |
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Term
| 20. The parasympathetic nervous system has _____preganglionic fibers and _____ postganglionic fibers. |
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Definition
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Term
| 21. _____ is the neurotransmitter is both the ganglia and end organs of the parasympathetic nervous system. |
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Definition
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Term
| 22. These are the 4 cranial parasympathetic ganglia. |
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Definition
| 1) CILIARY GANGLION, 2) PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION, 3) OTIC GANGLION, 4) SUBMANDIBULAR GANGLION |
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Term
| 23. This cranial parasympathetic ganglion consists of CN III which is located in the orbit on the nasocillary branch of CN V1. It is distributed to the sphincter pupillae muscles and the cilliary muscles. |
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Definition
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Term
| 24. This cranial parasympathetic ganglion consists of CN VII located in the pterygopalatine fossa on the trunk of CN V2. It is distributed the lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands. |
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Definition
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Term
| 25. This cranial parasympathetic ganglion consists of CN IX located just distal to the foramen ovale on the auriculotemporal branch of CN V3. It is distributed to the parotid gland. |
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Definition
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Term
| 26. This cranial parasympathetic ganglion consists of CN VII located on the hypoglossal muscle hanging off the lingual branch of CN V3. It is distributed to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. |
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Definition
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Term
| 27. There are 2 types of neurotransmitters in the autonomic nervous system which are _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| CHOLINERGIC AND ANDERNERGIC |
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Term
| 28. Cholinergic neurotransmitters release _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 29. Andernergic neurotransmitters release _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 30. All acetylcholine receptors are _____, except the postganglionic receptors which are _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 31. Blood vessels only have _____ innervation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 32. Arector pili muscles only have _____ innervation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 33. Bronchial glands have only _____ innervation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 34. The adrenal medulla has only _____ innervation. |
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Definition
| PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION |
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Term
| 35. Sweat glands have only _____ innervation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 36. There are 2 types of andernergic receptors which are _____and _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 37. All _____ andernergic receptors cause contraction of smooth muscle including the dilator pupillae muscle in the eye. |
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Definition
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Term
| 38. All beta andernergic receptors are _____ except those that are found in the heart which are _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 39. The B1 receptors in the heart cause an increase in the _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| HEART RATE; FORCE OF CONTRACTION |
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Term
| 40. All B2 receptors cause these 3 things. |
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Definition
| RELAXATION OF THE SMOOTH MUSCLES OF THE 1) BRONCHI, 2) BLADDER, 3) SKELETAL MUSCLE |
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Term
| 41. The _____ is found within the wall of the intestine and it contains as many neurons as the spinal cord. |
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Definition
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Term
| 42. There are 2 major interconnected intramural plexuses associated with the enteric brain which are the _____ and the _____. |
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Definition
| MYENTERIC PLEXUS OF AUERBACK AND SUBMUCOSAL PLEXUS OF MEISSNER |
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Term
| 43. What is the main function of the enteric brain? |
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Definition
| TO REGULATE THE SECRETION OF THE INTESTINAL GLANDS |
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Term
| 44. The sympathetic fibers of the enteric brain preforms this function, |
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Definition
| NOCIOCEPTION FROM THE ESOPHAGUS TO THE SPLENIC FLEXURE |
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Term
| 45. What is the function of the afferent parasympathetic fibers of the enteric brain? |
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Definition
| CARRIES NOCIOCEPTION FROM THE SPLENIC FLEXURE TO THE RECTUM AND FROM THE BLADDER AND PROSTATE |
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Term
| 46. The enteric brain is also involved in _____ which are reflexes mediated by the autonomic nervous system. |
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Definition
| AUTONOMIC MEDIATED REFLEX |
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Term
| 47. These are the 3 autonomic mediated reflexes. |
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Definition
| 1) VISCEROVISCERAL REFLEX, 2) VISCEROSOMATIC REFLEX, 3) SOMATOVISCERAL REFLEX |
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Term
| 48. An example of this autonomic mediated reflex is pressure on the carotid sinus in the neck results in a reflex which slows the heart rate and causes a drop in blood pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| 49. The viscerovisceral reflex is mediated by the afferent _____ and the efferent _____. |
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Definition
| CN IX; SYMPATHETIC NERVES TO THE HEART |
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Term
| 50. The _____ autonomic mediated reflex originates in an internal organ and causes a peripheral muscle to contract or relax. |
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Definition
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Term
| 51. An example of the viscerosomatic reflex is the _____ in which inflation of the lung triggers the diaphragm to relax. |
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Definition
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Term
| 52. The hering-bruer reflex is mediated by the _____ afferent nerves and the _____ efferent nerves. |
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Definition
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Term
| 53. The _____ reflex starts in segmental paraspinal muscles and ends in viscera. |
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Definition
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Term
| 54. What is an example of a somatovisceral reflex? |
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Definition
| PARASPINAL MUSCLE SPASM TRIGGERED BY INTERNAL DISC DISRUPTION CAUSING SPINAL NERVE ROOT IRRITATION |
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Term
| Somatovisceral reflexes are mediated through the _____, which innervates both the outer layer of the IV disc and the internal viscera. |
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Definition
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