Shared Flashcard Set

Details

NBCE Part 1
LaRose Micro History
54
Health Care
Professional
08/23/2012
Click here to study/print these flashcards.

Create your own flash cards! Sign up here.

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 

 

Cards

Term
1.       This person disproved the spontaneous generation of life theory.
 Definition
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI
Term
2.       This person suggested transferable spores caused disease such as syphilis.
 Definition
GIROLAMO FRACASTORO
Term
3.       This person was the first to see cells in thin slices of cork using a crude microscope.
 Definition
ROBERT HOOKE
Term
4.       This person invented the microscope.
 Definition
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
Term
5.       This person introduced hand washing in the 19th century.
 Definition
IGNAZIO SEMMELWEISS
Term
6.       This person introduced surgical asepsis using carbolic acid.
 Definition
JOSEPH LISTER
Term
7.       This person developed the smallpox vaccine from cow pox in milkmaids.
 Definition
EDWARD JENNER
Term
8.       This person is known as the father of microbiology who identified the bacillus that caused anthrax.
 Definition
ROBERT KOCH
Term
9.       What are the 4 steps of koch’s postulates?
 Definition
1) AGENT MUST BE FOUND IN ALL PATIENTS WITH THE DISEASE, 2) MUST BE ABLE TO PREPARE A PURE CULTURE OF THE AGENT, 3) INJECTED AGENT MUST CAUSE THE SAME DISEASE IN NEW PATIENTS, 4) MUST RECOVER SAME ORGANISM FROM THE NEWLY INFECTED PATIENT
Term
10.   This person developed a 7-step staining process for bacteria.
 Definition
HANS CHRISTIAN GRAM
Term
11.   7 steps of gram staining.
 Definition
1) CRYSTAL VIOLET, 2) WASH WITH WATER, 3) IODINE, 4) WASH WITH WATER, 5) ADD ACETONE, 6) COUNTERSTAIN WITH SAFRANIN, 7) WASH WITH WATER
Term
12.   Gram positive microorgaisms stain _____.
 Definition
PURPLE
Term
13.   Gram negative microorganisms stain _____.
 Definition
PINK
Term
14.   3 things Louis Pasteur is famous for.
 Definition
1) INVENTED PASTURIZATION PROCESS, 2) GERM THEORY, 3) DEVELOPED A VACCINE AGAINST RABIES AND ANTHRAX
Term
15.   This person developed chemicals that killed micro-organisms like syphilis.
 Definition
PAUL EHRLICH
Term
16.   These are the 2 drugs paul ehrlich developed to kill syphilis.
 Definition
SULFA AND SALVARSAN
Term
17.   This person discovered penicillin in 1898.
 Definition
ALEXANDER FLEMING
Term
18.   This person first postulated the existence of viruses while working with infected tobacco plants.
 Definition
IVANOWSKI
Term
19.   This person made the first electron microscope which was used to prove the existence of viruses.
 Definition
RUSKA
Term
20.   This person discovered transformation of non-virulent bacteria to a more virulent form.
 Definition
GRIFFITH
Term
21.   This person proved that mosquitoes carried yellow fever.
 Definition
WALTER REED
Term
22.   This person developed the vaccine from attenuated live polio virus.
 Definition
JONAS SALK
Term
23.   This person coined the term prion for disease caused by protein particles.
 Definition
STANLEY PRISINER
Term
24.   2 examples of prion diseases.
 Definition
1) MAD COW DISEASE, 2) CRUETZFELD JACOBS DISEASE
Term
25.   This person discovered a bacterial cause of peptic ulcers is helocobacter pylori.
 Definition
BARRY MARSHALL
Term
26.   6 ways that microorganisms can be classified according to.
 Definition
1) SIZE, 2) PRESENCE OF A NUCLEUS 3) NATURE OF GENETIC MATERIAL, 4) NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES, 5) NATURE OF CELL WALL IF PRESENT, 6) TYPE OF CELL MEMBRANE STEROLS
Term
1.       _____ is defined as the ability of a pathogen to establish an infection.
 Definition
INFECTIVITY
Term
2.       The infectivity of a microorganism is dependent on these 5 things.
 Definition
1) PATHOGENICITY, 2) ADHERENCE, 3) INVASIVENESS, 4) ANTIGENITIC SWITCHING, 5) VIRULENCE
Term
3.       _____ is the ability to cause disease.
 Definition
PATHOGENICITY
Term
4.       E.coli uses _____ to adhere to the surface of host cells.
 Definition
PILLI
Term
5.       Group A streptococcal use _____ to adhere to the surface of host cells.
 Definition
FIMBRIAE
Term
6.       _____ is the ability of a microorganism to penetrate a host’s defense.
 Definition
INVASION
Term
7.       Some microorganisms use enzymes that facilitate their invasiveness such as _____ and _____.
 Definition
COLLANGENSASE AND HYALURONIDASE
Term
8.       Some microorganisms have developed the ability to change the shape of their surface antigens to escape detection by the bodies antibody surveillance. This is a process called _____.
 Definition
ANTIGEN SWITCHING
Term
9.       _____is a microorganism that upon entering the body stimulates the production of antibodies for specific antigens found in the surface of the organism.
 Definition
TRYPANOSMA
Term
10.   _____ is the ability of a microorganism to cause serious illness.
 Definition
VIRULENCE
Term
11.   Some microorganisms produce poisons called _____ which are extremely harmful to the human.
 Definition
TOXINS
Term
12.   _____ infections are acquired in the hospital.
 Definition
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION
Term
13.   _____ are diseases caused by health professionals transferring microorganisms through the use of their hands.
 Definition
INTROGENIC DISEASES
Term
14.   _____ is an organism that is part of normal flora living in a symbiotic relationship with the host.
 Definition
COMMENSAL
Term
15.   _____ is two dissimilar organisms living together.
 Definition
SYMBIOSIS
Term
16.   _____ is when both organisms benefit and are needed for function.
 Definition
SYNERGISM
Term
17.   4 steps of bacterial growth phases.
 Definition
1) LAG PHASE, 2) LOG PHASE, 3) STATIONARY PHASE, 4) DEATH PHASE
Term
18.   During this stage of the bacterial growth phase, the number of cells is constant preparing for growth. Metabolic activity without division is occurring.
 Definition
LAG PHASE
Term
19.   During this stage of the bacterial growth phase, there is exponential growth and division.
 Definition
LOG PHASE
Term
20.   During this stage of the bacterial growth phase new growth rate matches the rate at which cells die off as the organism runs out of nutrients.
 Definition
STATIONARY PHASE
Term
21.   During this stage of the bacterial growth phase all nutrients are used up, bacteria start to due and a buildup of waste products ensues.
 Definition
DEATH PHASE
Term
22.   These 4 things can control the rate of bacterial growth.
 Definition
1) HEAT, 2) IRRADIATION, 3) ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS, 4) ANTIBIOTICS
Term
23.   In the disease triangle, there is an interaction between the _____, the _____ and the _____ that will affect whether or not the host becomes infected.
 Definition
HOST, AGENT, ENVIORNMENT
Term
24.   _____is a viral adaptation to promote survival.
 Definition
ANTIGENIC SHIFT
Term
25.   _____ is a bacterial adaptation to promote survival.
 Definition
SPORES
Term
26.   _____ is a fungal adaptation to promote survival.
 Definition
SPORES
Term
27.   _____ is a parasitic adaptation to promote survival.
 Definition
CYSTS
Term
The father of microbilogy
 Definition
Robert Koch
Supporting users have an ad free experience!