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NBCE Part 1
LaRose Respiratory Anatomy
81
Health Care
Professional
08/23/2012
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Term
1.       The respiratory center is developed as a respiratory diverticulum from the _____.
 Definition
UPPER END OF THE FOREGUT
Term
2.       From the upper end of the foregut _____ develop.
 Definition
2 LUNG BUDS
Term
3.       The 2 lung buds develop into the _____ of each lung.
 Definition
PRIMARY BRONCHI
Term
4.       The primary bronchi subdivide into _____.
 Definition
SECONDARY (LOBAR) BRONCHI
Term
5.       The secondary bronchi divide into _____.
 Definition
TERTIARY (SEGMENTAL) BRONCHI
Term
6.       The tertiary bronchi continue to divide until the _____ are formed.
 Definition
TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES
Term
7.       The terminal bronchioles give rise to the _____.
 Definition
RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLE
Term
8.       The _____ develop later from the respiratory bronchioles in the 3rd trimester.
 Definition
ALVEOLI
Term
9.       _____ is a congenital defect when the upper end of the esophagus is blind-ending.
 Definition
ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA
Term
10.   _____ is a congenital anomaly when the lower end of the esophagus is connected to the lower end of the trachea by a fistula.
 Definition
TRACHEO-ESOPHAGEAL FISTULA
Term
11.   The trachea begins at the lower border of the _____.
 Definition
CRICOID CARTILAGE (C6)
Term
12.   The trachea is lined by this type of tissue.
 Definition
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
Term
13.   The trachea is held open by _____ to _____ U-Shaped rings.
 Definition
15-20
Term
14.   The trachea is _____ inches long and _____ inch in diameter.
 Definition
5, 1
Term
15.   Each tracheal ring is incomplete posteriorly and linked by the _____.
 Definition
TRACHEALIS MUSCLE
Term
16.   The trachea ends at the _____ by bifurcating into the right and left _____.
 Definition
STERNAL ANGLE (OF LOUIS); BRONCHI
Term
17.   There is a V-shaped cartilage that marks the bifurcation of the trachea called the _____.
 Definition
CARINA
Term
18.   The esophagus lies _____ the trachea.
 Definition
BEHIND
Term
19.   The _____ to _____ tracheal rings are crossed anteriorly by the isthmus of the thyroid gland.
 Definition
2ND-4TH
Term
20.   The right bronchus is _____, _____ and _____ compared to the left.
 Definition
SHORTER, WIDER, AND MORE VERTICAL
Term
21.   Aspirated foreign bodies are more likely to go into the middle lobe of the _____.
 Definition
RIGHT PRIMARY BRONCHUS
Term
22.   The right main bronchus divides into _____, while the left divides into _____.
 Definition
3 SECONDARY BRONCHI, 2 SECONDARY BRONCHI
Term
23.   Each lobar bronchus divides within each lobe into _____.
 Definition
SEGMENTAL BRONCHI
Term
24.   Each segmental bronchus feeds a _____.
 Definition
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENT
Term
25.   The segmental bronchus continues to subdivide until it reaches the _____.
 Definition
TERMINAL BRONCHIOLE
Term
26.   The terminal bronchioles lead to the _____, which bear a number of _____.
 Definition
RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLES; ALVEOLAR SACS
Term
27.   The lungs provide a surface area for _____.
 Definition
GASSEOUS EXCHANGE
Term
28.   The surface area of the lungs is over _____m² per lung.
 Definition
40m²
Term
29.   4 components that make up the structure of a lung.
 Definition
1) APEX, 2) BASE, 3) LATERAL SURFACE, 4) MEDIAL SURFACE
Term
30.   The right lung is _____, _____ and _____ compared to the left.
 Definition
LARGER, WIDER, AND SHORTER
Term
31.   The left lung is _____, _____ and _____ compared to the right.
 Definition
SMALLER, NARROWER, AND LONGER
Term
32.   Each lung is made up of several _____ segments, which are the functional units.
 Definition
BRONCHOPULMONARY
Term
33.   Each bronchopulmomary segment is _____ in shape, with its apex directed toward the _____.
 Definition
PYRAMIDAL, HILUM
Term
34.   The right lung is made up of _____ segments.
 Definition
10
Term
35.   3 segments in the upper lobe of the right lung.
 Definition
APICAL, POSTERIOR AND ANTERIOR
Term
36.   2 segments that make up the middle lobe of the right lung.
 Definition
LATERAL AND MEDIAL
Term
37.   5 segments that make up the lower lobe of the right lung.
 Definition
SUPERIOR, LATERAL, ANTERIOR, MEDIAL AND POSTERIOR BASAL
Term
38.   The left lung may have _____ or _____ segments.
 Definition
8 or 9
Term
39.   4 segments that make up the upper lobe of the left lung.
 Definition
APICOPOSTERIOR, ANTERIOR, SUPERIOR, AND INFERIOR LINGUAL
Term
40.   4 segments that make up the lower lobe of the left lung.
 Definition
SUPERIOR, ANTERIOR, LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR BASAL
Term
41.   _____ veins drain each segment of the lung, and they empty into either the _____ or into the _____.
 Definition
INTER-SEGMENTAL VEINS; AZYGOS VENOUS SYSTEM OR PULMONARY VEINS
Term
42.   Segmental arteries are derived from the _____.
 Definition
BRONCHIAL BRANCHES OF THE AORTA
Term
43.   In the root of the lungs the bronchus lies _____ the lung, while the veins lie _____.
 Definition
BEHIND, BELOW
Term
44.   The pulmonary artery lies in the _____ anterior to the _____.
 Definition
RIGHT LUNG ROOT, BRONCHUS
Term
45.   The left pulmonary artery lies _____ to the bronchus.
 Definition
SUPERIOR
Term
46.   Each lung is surrounded by 2 layers of _____, which are continuous at he _____.
 Definition
PLEURA; ROOT OF THE LUNG
Term
47.   The _____ pleura lies against the inner aspect of the thoracic cage.
 Definition
PARIETAL PLEURA
Term
48.   The _____ pleura directly covers the lungs.
 Definition
VISCERAL PLEURA
Term
49.   The parietal pleura is sensitive to _____, and is supplied by _____ and _____nerves.
 Definition
PAIN, INTERCOSTAL AND PHRENIC NERES
Term
50.   The innervation to the visceral pleura is mainly through the _____ nerve.
 Definition
VAGUS
Term
51.   The _____ is a sleeve of pleura at the root of the lung that functions as an anatomical dead space allowing for expansion of the pulmonary veins.
 Definition
PULMONARY LIGAMENT
Term
52.   The cervical pleura is called the _____, and it extends above the _____.
 Definition
CUPOLA, 1ST RIB
Term
53.   The extension of the lung into the neck is limited by the _____.
 Definition
SUPRAPLEURAL MEMBRANE (SIBSON’S FASCIA)
Term
54.   The suprapleural membrane (sibson’s fascia) is a fibrous structure that extends from the _____ to the _____.
 Definition
C7 TP TO THE INNER BORDER OF THE 1ST RIB
Term
55.   The pleura of the thoracic cavity are supplied by branches of the _____ and _____ arteries.
 Definition
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL ARTERIES
Term
56.   The upper 6 anterior intercostal arteries are derived from the _____.
 Definition
INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY
Term
57.   The internal thoracic artery is derived from the _____.
 Definition
1ST PART OF THE SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
Term
58.   The lower 5 anterior intercostal arteries are derived from the _____.
 Definition
MUSCULOPHRENIC BRANCH OF THE INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY
Term
59.   The 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal arteries are derived from the _____.
 Definition
COSTOCERVICAL TRUNK OF THE SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
Term
60.   The 3rd to 11th posterior intercostal arteries are derived from the _____.
 Definition
DESCENDING PART OF THE THORACIC AORTA
Term
61.   The venous drainage of the anterior and posterior intercostal arteries is via the _____.
 Definition
AZYGOS VENOUS SYSTEM
Term
62.   Lymphatics of the lung drain from the periphery of the lungs to these 5 sets of nodes.
 Definition
1) PULMONARY, 2) BRONCHOPULMONARY, 3) TRACHEOBRONCHIAL, 4) PARA-TRACHEAL, 5) MEDIASTINAL LYMPHATIC TRUNKS
Term
63.   The azygos vein lies on the _____ side of the lower 8 thoracic vertebrae.
 Definition
RIGHT SIDE
Term
64.   The azygos vein receives the _____ and _____ veins.
 Definition
2ND-11TH POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL AND RIGHT SUBCOSTAL VEINS
Term
65.   The azygos vein passes through the diaphragm at T12, along with the _____ and the _____.
 Definition
AORTA, THORACIC DUCT
Term
66.   The hemiazygos vein lies on the _____ of the lower 8 thoracic vertebrae.
 Definition
LEFT
Term
67.   The hemiazygos vein receives the _____ and the _____ veins.
 Definition
LEFT SUBCOSTAL AND 3-4 LOWER LEFT INTERCOSTAL VEINS
Term
68.   The _____ vein is formed by the 5th-8th left intercostal veins.
 Definition
ACCESSORY HEMIAZYGOS VEIN
Term
69.   The 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal veins may drain separately or together into the _____, which are found in the superior division of the mediastinum.
 Definition
BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEINS
Term
70.   The _____ is a fibromuscular septum that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
 Definition
DIAPHRAGM
Term
71.   Embryologically, the diaphragm is developed from these 4 origins.
 Definition
1) THE CENTRAL TENDON COMES FROM THE SEPTUM TRANSVSUM (3RD-5TH CERVICAL SOMITES), 2) PERIPHERAL RIM OF THE BODY WALL, 3) PLEUROPERITONEAL MEMBRANES, 4) DORSAL MESENTERY OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Term
72.   The muscle fibers of the diaphragm originate from these 4 areas.
 Definition
1) RIGHT CRUS FROM THE BODIES OF L1-L3, 2) LEFT CRUS FROM THE BODIES OF L1-L2, 3) THE LOWER 6 RIBS, 4) THE POSTERIOR ASPECT OF THE XYPHOID PROCESS
Term
73.   The muscular fibers of the diaphragm are inserted into the _____.
 Definition
CENTRAL TENDON
Term
74.   There are 3 major openings in the diaphragm at _____, _____ and _____ respectively.
 Definition
T8, T10, T12
Term
75.   The diaphragm is innervated by the _____ nerve.
 Definition
PHRENIC
Term
76.   The phrenic nerve is derived from these nerve roots.
 Definition
C3,C4,C5
Term
77.   The peritoneum and pleura in the center of the diaphragm is innervated by the _____ nerve.
 Definition
PHRENIC
Term
78.   The peritoneum and pleura in the periphery of the diaphragm are supplied by the _____.
 Definition
LOWER 6 INTERCOSTAL NERVES
Term
79.   The condensation of fascia over the psoas muscle is called the _____.
 Definition
MEDIAL ARCUATE LIGAMENT
Term
80.   The _____ is the condensation of fascia over the quadratus lumborum.
 Definition
LATERAL ARCUATE LIGAMENT
Term
81.   The _____ connects the right and left crura, and arches over the aorta.
 Definition
MEDIAN ARCUATE LIGAMENT
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