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NBCE Part 1
LaRose Bacteria 2
79
Health Care
Professional
08/22/2012
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Term
81.   Serratia marcescens causes _____ in wounds.
 Definition
RED PUS
Term
82.   _____ is a gram negative lactose fermenting enteric bacillus that causes pneumonia and lung abscess in alcoholics and UTI in diabetics.
 Definition
KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE
Term
83.   Klebsiella pneumonia causes _____ sputum when it causes pneumonia.
 Definition
RED-CURRANT JELLY SPUTUM
Term
84.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes whooping cough.
 Definition
BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS
Term
85.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes tularemia or rabbit fever.
 Definition
FRACISELLA TULARENSIS
Term
86.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes brucellosis or undulant fever from infected cows, goats, or swine.
 Definition
BRUCELLA ABOTUS
Term
87.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes lung infections from contaminated air-conditioning.
 Definition
LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILIA
Term
88.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that is non-lactose fermenting and oxidase positive.
 Definition
PSEUDOMONAS AEROGENOSA
Term
89.   Pseudomonas aerogenosa causes _____ pus in infected burns.
 Definition
BLUE-GREEN PUS
Term
90.   Pseudomonas aerogenosa causes bue-green pus due to _____ (blue) and _____ (green) pigments.
 Definition
PYOCYANIN; PYOVERDIN
Term
91.   Pseudomonas aerogenosa causes these 4 conditions.
 Definition
1) PNEUMONIA, 2) SEPSIS, 3) EXTERNAL OTITIS, 4) DRUG USE OSTEOMYELITIS
Term
92.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes conjunctivitis.
 Definition
HEMOPHILIS AEGYPTI
Term
93.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes chancroid characterized by yellow painful genital sores.
 Definition
HEMOPHILUS DUCREYL
Term
94.   _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes pneumonia, epiglottitis, croup, and meningitis in children.
 Definition
HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE
Term
95.   _____is a gram negative enteric organism that is comma shaped and causes cholera.
 Definition
VIBRIO CHOLERAE
Term
96.   Vibrio cholera produces a _____ which stimulates _____ which in turn greatly increases fluid secretion from the gut resulting in severe diarrhea with rice water stools, and rapid dehydration.
 Definition
EXOTOXIN; CYCLIC AMP
Term
97.   Many bacteria produce toxins or poisons which enhance their virulence. The 2 types of toxins bacteria are capable of producing are _____and _____.
 Definition
EXOTOXINS AND ENDOTOXINS
Term
98.   _____ are produced and not secreted from dead gram negative bacteria.
 Definition
ENDOTOXINS
Term
99.   Endotoxins are derived from the _____ found in the cell walls of gram negative bacteria.
 Definition
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES
Term
100.                        When endotoxins are released in the host, it causes system wide effects such as _____ and _____.
 Definition
FEVER AND SHOCK
Term
101.                        _____ are produced by live gram positive or negative bacteria.
 Definition
ENDOTOXINS
Term
102.                        Endotoxins are _____secreted by bacteria.
 Definition
POLYPEPTIDES
Term
103.                        2 antigenic properties of exotoxins.
 Definition
1) WHEN DENATURED FORMS A TOXOID, 2) TOXOIDS ARE RECOGNIZED TO STIMULATE IMMUNITY
Term
104.                        This is the toxin released when one has tetanus that targets the nerve fibers.
 Definition
TETANOSPASMIN
Term
105.                        This is the toxin released when one has botulism that targets the muscle.
 Definition
BOTULISM
Term
106.                        This is the toxin released when one has diphtheria that targets connective tissue.
 Definition
DIPTHERIA TOXIN
Term
107.                        _____ is a bacterial classification of bacteria that cannot live without oxygen.
 Definition
OBLIGATE AEROBES
Term
108.                        3 different types of obligate aerobes.
 Definition
1) PSEUDOMONAS, 2) BACILLUS, 3) MYCOBACTERIUM
Term
109.                        This is a bacterial classification of bacteria that can survive without oxygen.
 Definition
OBLIGATE ANAEROBES
Term
110.                        _____ is an example of an obligate anaerobe.
 Definition
CLOSTRIDIA
Term
111.                        This is a bacterial classification of bacteria that can live without oxygen but prefers oxygen.
 Definition
FACULATATIVE ANAEROBES
Term
112.                        2 examples of facultative anaerobes.
 Definition
E.COLI AND LISTERIA
Term
113.                        _____is a class of bacteria that likes warm temperatures (45-90C).
 Definition
THERMOPHILES
Term
114.                        _____ are bacteria that like cold temperatures (0-20C).
 Definition
PSYCHROPHILE
Term
115.                        _____ are bacteria hat like a moderate temperature.
 Definition
MESOPHILE
Term
116.                        _____ fever is caused by coxiella vurnetti via unpasteurized milk from infected cattle or by aerosol spread.
 Definition
Q FEVER
Term
117.                        _____ fever is caused by rickettsia rickettsia.
 Definition
ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER
Term
118.                        _____ fever is caused by rickettsia Quintana.
 Definition
TRENCH FEVER
Term
119.                        _____ fever is caused by borrelia recurrentis.
 Definition
RECURRENT FEVER
Term
120.                        _____ fever is caused by francisella tularemia.
 Definition
RABBIT FEVER
Term
121.                        _____ fever is caused by brucella abortus.
 Definition
UNDULANT FEVER
Term
122.                        _____ and _____ fevers are caused by streptococcus pyogenes.
 Definition
RHEUMATIC FEVER AND SCARLET FEVER
Term
123.                        _____ causes food poisoning 2-4 hours after ingestion through the release of a preformed enterotoxin.
 Definition
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Term
124.                        _____ causes food poisoning 6-8 hours after ingestion through the release of a preformed enterotoxin. Causes a rapid onset of symptoms consisting of vomiting followed by flaccid paralysis, diplopia, and dysphagia.
 Definition
CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
Term
125.                        _____ causes food poisoning 10-12 hours after ingestion through a preformed enterotoxin. Causes a rapid onset of symptoms that include vomiting and diarrhea.
 Definition
CLOSTRIDOUM PERFRINGENS
Term
126.                        _____ causes vomiting and diarrhea 12-24 hours after ingestion. Causes fever through the release of a heat resistant toxin produced after the bacteria colonize in the gut.
 Definition
SALMONELLA ENTERIDES
Term
127.                        _____ causes fever, vomiting, and diarrhea 1-7 days after ingestion. It is the most common cause of food poisoning.
 Definition
CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI
Term
128.                        _____ causes vomiting and diarrhea 1-10 days after ingestion through a toxin formed after the bacteria colonize in the gut.
 Definition
E. COLI
Term
129.                        _____ causes traveler’s diarrhea.
 Definition
E. COLI
Term
130.                        _____ causes hiker’s diarrhea.
 Definition
GIARDIA LAMBLIA
Term
131.                        _____ causes bacillary dysentery.
 Definition
SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
Term
132.                        _____ causes amebic dysentery.
 Definition
ENTAMEBA HYSTOLYTICA
Term
133.                        _____ causes childhood dysentery.
 Definition
COXSACKIE VIRUS
Term
134.                        _____ is the most common cause of infantile gastroenteritis.
 Definition
ROTAVIRUS
Term
135.                        _____ is the most common cause of meningitis in neonates.
 Definition
E.COLI
Term
136.                        _____ is the most common cause of meningitis in children.
 Definition
HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE
Term
137.                        _____ is the most common cause of meningitis in the elderly
 Definition
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE
Term
138.                        _____is the most common cause of meningitis in HIV/AIDS patients.
 Definition
CRYPTOCOCCUS NEUFORMANS
Term
139.                        5 bacterial causes of atypical pneumonia.
 Definition
1) MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE, 2) CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE, 3) CHLAMDIA PSITTACI, 4) LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILIA, 5) COXIELLA BURNETTI
Term
140.                        _____ is the most common cause of osteomyelitis.
 Definition
STAPH AUREUS
Term
141.                        _____ is the most common sexually transmitted cause of osteomyelitis.
 Definition
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEA
Term
142.                        _____ is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in drug addicts.
 Definition
PSEUDOMONAS AEROGENOSA
Term
143.                        _____ is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in those with sickle cell disease.
 Definition
SALMONELLA
Term
144.                        _____ is a gram negative, enteric, lactose fermenting, non-motile bacillus that causes UTI’s.
 Definition
KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE
Term
145.                        Klebsiella pneumonia is _____ positive.
 Definition
NITRITE
Term
146.                        _____ is a gram negative, enteric, lactose fermenting bacillus that is the most common cause of UTI’s.
 Definition
E. COLI
Term
147.                        E coli is _____ positive and contains a _____ which converts urinary nitrate into nitrite.
 Definition
NITRITE, REDUCTASE
Term
148.                        _____ is a gram positive, catalase negative, glucose fermenting cause of UTI’s.
 Definition
ENTEROCOCCUS FECALIS
Term
149.                        _____ is a gram negative enteric maltose fermenting bacillus that cause UTI’s.
 Definition
PROTEUS MIRABILIS
Term
150.                        Proteus miabilis is _____ and _____ positive.
 Definition
NITRITE AND UREASE
Term
151.                        _____ is a gram positive, coagulase negative coccus, that is the most common cause of UTI in young sexually active females.
 Definition
STAPHYLOCOCCUS SAPROPHYTICUS
Term
152.                        How do medications such as penicillin, ampicillin, and cephalosporin kill bacteria?
 Definition
THEY BLOCK CELL WALL SYNTHESIS BY INHIBITING PEPTODOGLYCAN CROSS-LINKING
Term
153.                        How does vancomycin kill bacteria?
 Definition
IT BLOCKS CELL WALL SYNTHESIS BY INHIBITING PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS
Term
154.                        How do medications such as bacitracin and polymyxin kill bacteria?
 Definition
THEY CAUSE CELL WALL DAMAGE
Term
155.                        How do medications such as sulfonamides and trimethoprim kill bacteria?
 Definition
BLOCKS NUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS ACTING AS ANTIMETABILITES
Term
156.                        How do medications such as metronidazole and quinolones kill bacteria?
 Definition
THEY PREVENT DNA REPLICATION
Term
157.                        How does rifampicin kill bacteria?
 Definition
PREVENTS RNA SYNTHEIS
Term
158.                        How do chloramphenicol and clindamycin kill bacteria?
 Definition
THEY BLOCK PROTEIN SYNTHESIS BY ACTING ON THE 50S RIBOSOME
Term
159.                        How do tetracycline, streptomycin and neomycin kill bacteria?
 Definition
THEY BLOCK PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ACTING ON THE 30S RIBOSOME
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