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| A process that occurs by selecting and breeding individuals who possess desired traits. |
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| Differential reproductive success |
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| A combination of all the genes in a population |
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| When a population's allele frequencies change over a span of generations |
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| A frequent event in Earth's history resulting in the irrevocable loss of a species |
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| A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA and the ultimate source of the genetic variation that serves as raw material for evolution |
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| Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium |
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Definition
No matter how many times alleles are segregated into different gametes by meiosis and united in different combinations by fertilization, the freqency of each llele in the gene pool will remain constant unless other factors are operating. For a population to be in HW equilibrium, it must satisfy the following conditions:
o Large population size
o Random mating
o No mutations
o No gene flow between populations
o No selection (only one that leads to adaptation) |
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| The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of othe individuals |
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| A change in the gene pool of a population due to chance |
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| A drastic reduction in population size and change in allele frequencies, most often due to an earthquake, flood, fire, or other natural disaster. |
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| Genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population, with the result that the composition of the new population's gene pool is not reflective of that of the original population. |
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| The transfer of alleles from one population to another, as a result of the movement of individuals or their gametes. |
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| The geographic distribution of species |
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| Similarity in characteristics resulting from common ancestry |
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| Structures that are of marginal or perhaps no importance to the organism |
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| Features that often have different functions but are structurally similar because of common anatomy |
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| The sequence in which fossils appear within layers of sedimentary rock |
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| Darwin's On the Origins of Species |
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Definition
| Darwin's strong, logical explanation for evolution, published in 1859. |
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