Term
Two-Part Question:
a) natural selection is to environment as artificial selection is to...
b) What is the relationship between the two items in each set of the analogy? |
|
Definition
a) human
b) the environment is a selective agent for natural selection
humans are the selective agents for artificial selection |
|
|
Term
Which economist concluded that limited food limits population?
(Ms. Garratt would be proud if you got this one) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is "descent with modification"? |
|
Definition
| Heritable traits that become more common in a population by means of natural selection |
|
|
Term
| What are Darwin's four prinicples of natural selection? |
|
Definition
| Overproduction, variation, adaptation, and descent with modification |
|
|
Term
| What are adaptive compromises? |
|
Definition
Something, such as a device or mechanism, that is changed or changes so as to become suitable to a new or special application or situation.
Example: Panda's wrist bone is also used like a thumb |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Natural Selection acts on phenotypes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two very important cahracteristics of a species? |
|
Definition
1. interbreeding
2. ability to produce fertile offspring |
|
|
Term
| What is aquired inheritance and why doesn't it work? |
|
Definition
| Aquired inheritance is the early theory that organisms could acquire and pass traits after birth. It doesn't work because traits acquired after fertilization cannot be passed onto offspring. |
|
|
Term
| What were the early beliefs about earth? |
|
Definition
1. earth was ~6,000 years old
2. life remained unchanged |
|
|
Term
| What are rock layers called? |
|
Definition
| strata (stratum:singular) |
|
|
Term
| What is the Law of Superposition? |
|
Definition
| Fossils found in bottom rock layers are more primitive than fossils found in top rock layers. |
|
|
Term
| What is uniformitarianism? |
|
Definition
| geologic proccesses that shape earth are uniform |
|
|
Term
| How does uniformitarianism affect Darwin's theories and observations? |
|
Definition
The theory of uniformitarianism that daily geologic processes can add up to great change over a long period of time supported Darwin's observations on his voyage.
Example: Darwin observed that the Andes mountains had marine fossils. He also witnessed an earthqauke and saw how underwater mountains slowly rise up. This geologic process added up over to time to become very tall mountains. |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between variations and adaptations? |
|
Definition
| Adaptations are variations that increase the chance of survival for an organism. |
|
|
Term
| What are some limiting factors that don't allow populations to grow unchecked? |
|
Definition
| food, water, shelter, disease, predators, etc. |
|
|
Term
What is fitness?
(And not P.E. Coach Fegan fitness) |
|
Definition
| measure of ability to survive and produce more offspring |
|
|
Term
Which is not evidence of earth's gradual change?
A. Marine fossils atop mountains
B. Dray valleys with ocean fossils
C. Mammals going through diversification
D. Rivers create canyons |
|
Definition
| C; it is the only answer that doesn't have to do with geography |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Atoms of the same element with differeing neutrons |
|
|
Term
| How is age determined through radioactive decay? |
|
Definition
Age is determined by comparing the ration of 12C and 14C.
The wider the ratio, the older the sample is. |
|
|
Term
| What is are transition fossils? |
|
Definition
Shows transitions between groups of organisms
(Missing Link Fossils) |
|
|
Term
What are the following:
a. archaeopteryx
b. basilosaurus
c. tiktaalik |
|
Definition
a. shares both bird and reptile features
b. early whale with hind legs
c. early fish with legs |
|
|
Term
| What are homologous structures of mammals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bat wings and fly wings are examples of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Homologous Analogous
Place the following words in the proper catergory:
same environment different environment
same structure different structure
same function different function
Common ancestry Not Common Ancestry |
|
Definition
Homologous Analogous
different environment same environment
different function same function
same structure different structure
Common Ancestry Not Common Ancestry |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not a vestigial structure of the human body?
A. Cecum
B.Yolk Sac
C. Tailbone
D. Wisdom Teeth |
|
Definition
| A; We used to have the cecum long ago, but it is the appendix that is the vestigial sturcture that we have now |
|
|
Term
| How does embryology indicate common ancestry? |
|
Definition
| Different species show similar developmental patterns and different species may share common traits or characteristics during early stages of life. |
|
|
Term
| Why is antibiotic resistance an important issue? |
|
Definition
| Bacteria infections are becoming harder to treat. |
|
|
Term
| What four things did fossils show about organisms? |
|
Definition
1. their change over time
2. age
3. location
4. their environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of the distribution of organisms around the world. |
|
|
Term
| What are the five factors that can lead to evolution? |
|
Definition
1. natural selection
2. gene flow
3. mutation
4. sexual selection
5. genetic drift |
|
|
Term
| What happens if gene flow is prevented? |
|
Definition
| No variations exchanged, populations isolated, organisms adapt to their own environment |
|
|
Term
| True of False: Genetic drift is random. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The ds2 fruit flies are an example of......(geographical, behavioral, or temporal isolation)?
|
|
Definition
| Behavioral; Fruit flies with the tropical allele only mate with other fruit flies with the tropical allele. Fruit flies with the temperate allele only mate with other fruit flies with the temperate allele. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A collection of alleles found in al lof the individuals of a population |
|
|
Term
| What is the final step of speciation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Convergent evolution is to analogous structures as divergent evolution is to...? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image][image]
The lion and the tiger are example of convergent or divergent evolution? |
|
Definition
| Divergent; The lion and the tiger are closely related species but live in different environments (Africa and Asia). |
|
|
Term
[image]
[image]
Are the shells of the turtle and the snail examples of convergent or divergent evolution? |
|
Definition
| Convergent; These unrelated species evolved similar shells because they each adapted to similar environmental conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process in which two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other |
|
|
Term
Answer the two part question:
a) Background extinction is to gradualism as mass extinction is to ......
b) What is the relationship between the two items in each set of words? |
|
Definition
a) punctuated equilibrium
b) Gradualism is a slow steady process and so is background extinction. Mass extinction is something that all of a sudden happens just like punctuated equilibrium where there is little evolutionary change and then all of a sudden there are episodes of speciation
|
|
|
Term
| The adaptive radiation of mammals came after the extinction of the dinosaus. How do these events support the theory of punctuated equilibrium? |
|
Definition
| The existence of dinosaurs showed that during that time littel evolutionary change occurred. However, a single event such as the mass extinction of dinosaurs could lead to episodes of speciation for other organisms such as mammals. |
|
|
Term
| What was the sun formed by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the period when the earth was very violent and hot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were the four gases in the atmosphere during early earth? |
|
Definition
| Ammonia, Water vapor, Methane, Carbon Dioxide |
|
|
Term
| What two things were considered to be the first cell membranes? |
|
Definition
1. the walls of the compartments of the chimneys
2. liposomes |
|
|
Term
| Yay! You are officially done with my flashcards! Now there is a contest between Jason and Jenny. Whoever is the first to call me and tell me they finished my flashcards will get 5 dollars from me tomorrow. This is no joke, I will seriously give you FIVE dollars. Good Luck to all contestants! |
|
Definition
| I don't know what to write on this page :) |
|
|
