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Natural Resources Vocabulary
Bunches of random words that could come in handy for a contest
114
Agriculture
11th Grade
04/10/2008

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Cards

Term
abyssal zone
Definition
deep water zone of the ocean
Term
aerobic bacteria
Definition
bacteria that require oxygen to live
Term
alluvial deposit
Definition
soil deposited by moving water
Term
anaerobic bacteria
Definition
bacteria that live in the absence of oxygen
Term

Animal Equivalent Unit

Definition
the amount of forage that is required to feed a 1,000 pound animal for a given period of time
Term
anthracite
Definition
the oldest and hardest coal
Term
backcut
Definition
a cut on the side opposite and just above the undercut made when felling a tree
Term
bark borers
Definition
any family of beetles, the larvae and adults of which burrow under the bark of trees, eating the inner bark
Term
bathyal zone
Definition
ocean zone containing the continental slope and rise
Term
berm
Definition
mound of soil built in a f field across the slope, designed to conduct surface runoff water safely to a dessired location
Term
bituminous
Definition
most common type of coal, softer than anthracite
Term
board foot
Definition
1in X 1ft X 1ft
Term
BOD test
Definition
Biological oxygen demand test, used to determine the amount of organic waste in water
Term
bucking
Definition
the process of cutting a tree into logs or poles
Term
catastrophic waves
Definition
caused by storms, hurricanes, and land slides
Term
common properties
Definition
natural resources that are owned by the group but really not owned by anyone - public lakes, the oceans, national forests, parks, the atmosphere, ect.
Term
conservation officer
Definition
person that enforces the game laws
Term
contour plowing
Definition
cultivation of a field with rows produced across the slope
Term
cord
Definition
4ft X 4ft X 8ft
Term
crown
Definition
branches, limbs, twigs, and leaves that make up the top portion of a tree
Term
cruising
Definition
the process of estimating the pulpwood or lumber that a standing parcel of trees can produce
Term

decreaser

Definition
vegetation in a grassland area that tends to be easily depleted by moderate grazing
Term
defoliators
Definition
insects that remove the leaves from a tree by eating the leaf itself or the stem of the leaf
Term
dendrometer
Definition
any device used to measure the diameter of a tree trunk[image]
Term
derrick
Definition
hoisting apparatus used to hold an oil drilling machine[image]
Term
distillation process
Definition
the removal of salt from water by turning the water into a vapor and then cooling, whereby the salt is left behind
Term
drift mine
Definition
a coal mine where a passageway is bored into a hill or a mountain
Term
ecology
Definition
the study of the relationships among living things
Term
ecosystem
Definition
a community of interrelated plants and animals in a given environment
Term
electrodialysis
Definition
removing salt from water by passing an electric current through the water
Term
embankment pond
Definition
pond where water is impounded behind and earth embankment or dam built across a water course
Term
euphotic zone
Definition
ocean zone where light can penetrate
Term
euryphagous
Definition
an animal that consumes great amounts of food
Term
ferroalloys
Definition
ferrous metals combined with iron to add various properties to steel
Term
ferrous metals
Definition
metals containing iron
Term
flash distillation
Definition
the process of heating water and placeing it under pressure, which "flashes" it to boiling: the water is collected as fresh water
Term
gravimeter
Definition
a device using changes in the gravitational pull to find oil[image]
Term
habitat
Definition
the place or site an animal lives in
Term
diversion ditch
Definition
a channel dug into the soil and designed to conduct surface runoff water safely to a desired location
Term

environment

Definition
all of the physical surroundings of an organism
Term
excavated pond
Definition
constructing a pond by digging a pit below the surrounding ground level
Term
farmland-use-planning
Definition
the process of determining the crop and livestock uses to which the various parts of a farm are to be put
Term
fire barrier
Definition
any obstacle, such as a road, creek, or ditch, that can help prevent the spread of fire
Term
fire traingle
Definition
the three things required for any forest fire: fuel, oxygen, and heat
Term
fish sampling
Definition
management procedure used to keep track of what fish species are in a pond or lake
Term
geological erosion
Definition
natural erosion that occurs over a long period of time, given a full and natural plant cover of the soil
Term
harvest cutting
Definition
removal of any or all of the trees in an area for sale
Term
home range
Definition
area over which an animal will repeatedly travel
Term
humus
Definition
black or brown substance resulting from the decay of plant and animal matter
Term
hypsometer
Definition

any device used to measure usable tree height

[image]

Term
ignition temperature
Definition
the temperature at which a given fuel will begin to burn, in the presence of oxygen
Term
incendiary wildfire
Definition
a forest wildfire started intentionally or accidentally by a person
Term
incineration
Definition
the burning of waste material
Term
increaser
Definition
vegetation that tends to prosper under moderate grazing pressure
Term
intermediate cutting
Definition
harvests taken from a stand of trees before the trees reach planned maturity
Term
internal waves
Definition
underwater waves caused by changes in temperature in the depths of the ocean
Term
intertidal
Definition
the area of the ocean between high and low tide
Term
jack-up rig
Definition
a temporary offshore drilling rig
Term
liberation
Definition
removal of dominant trees to allow younger or smaller trees to grow
Term
lignite
Definition
a low-carbon soft coal
Term
limnetic zone
Definition
the zone of a lake that extends from the end of rooted vegetation to the point where sunlight no longer penetrates the water
Term
littoral zone
Definition
shallow water zone containing rooted vegetation
Term
loess deposit
Definition
windblown soil deposits
Term
long-lining
Definition
fishing with a long line, up to 75 miles long with 2,000 hooks
Term
long wall
Definition
a method of mining, removing coal from one face and then transporting it by a conveyor
Term
long tube distillation
Definition
process where salt water is sent through tubes heated by steam, then cooled to collect fresh water
Term
magnetometer
Definition
an oil-finding device employing the earth's magnetic pull
Term
meltdown
Definition
an uncontrolled chain reaction in a nuclear reactor
Term
membrane process
Definition
the filtering of salt from water through a series of filters
Term
meteoric water
Definition
water returned to earth in any form
Term
methane
Definition
a gas released from the decomposition of wastes
Term
methane digestion
Definition
a device used to make methane gas from deomposed organic wastes
Term
neritic zone
Definition
the high biological zone that extends to the continental shelf
Term
ocean zonation
Definition
the classification of the ocean in zones according to depth, temperature, pressure, or light
Term
oil shale
Definition
stone containing crude oil
Term
pelagic sealing
Definition
open sea sealing
Term
percolation rate
Definition
speed at which a given quantity of water can be absorbed by the soil
Term
pig iron
Definition
raw bars of steel
Term
prawn
Definition
a large shrimp
Term
profundal
Definition
the deep water zone of a LAKE
Term
purse seining
Definition
using nets to catch fish
Term
radioactivity
Definition
a property of some elements, such as uranium, of releasing alpha and beta rays by the disintegration of the atomic nuclei
Term
regional land-sue planning
Definition
the political process of determining the uses to which the lands within a given geographic region can be put, normally a major area such as a group of countries or townships, or a large part of a state
Term
reservoir
Definition
a device used to control flood waters
Term
room and pillar
Definition
a way of removing coal that employs the idea of leaving pillars of coal to help support the ceiling
Term
root hairs
Definition
tiny projections, near the growing tip of a root, through which most of the water and nutrients are absorbed
Term
sediment basin
Definition
a biological waste disposal system that involves using bacteria to decompose sewage
Term
slope mine
Definition
a coal mine with its access tunnel on a slope from the surface to the coal seam
Term
shaft mine
Definition
a coal mine with its access passageways vertical to the coal seam
Term
seismograph
Definition
a device using sound waves to find oil
Term
skidding
Definition
dragging logs to the loading area
Term
shelterbelt
Definition
windbreaks designed to protect crops and livestock from the wind
Term
slude digester
Definition
a device that uses bacteria to decompose solid wastes
Term
spillway
Definition
a device used to keep a pond at a constant level
Term
spot
Definition
young oyster
Term
stenophagous
Definition
an animal that eats a specialized diet
Term
strip mine
Definition
the removal of coal near the surface by first removing the soil covering it
Term
supratidal
Definition
the area of the ocean between low and high tide
Term
sustained yeild
Definition
a method of using a natural resource in such a way that it can be used at a constant rate or for periodically repeated harvests indefinitely
Term
tar sands
Definition
sand containing a low-grade oil
Term
taconite
Definition
a low grade of iron ore
Term
territory
Definition
the area an animal will defend, usually to its death
Term
thinning
Definition
the process of removing, nromally harvesting, part of the trees in a stand to provide room for other trees to grow
Term
transpiration
Definition
the process of evaporation of water through the leaves of the tree
Term
undercut
Definition
when felling a tree, the removal of a slice of wood from the side of the tree in the direction the tree is to fall
Term
vapor compression
Definition
a distillation process in hich salt water is turned to steam and then placed under pressure. The steam starts a chain reaction that heart other water, and when it sondenses it falls to a bottom tank to be collected as fresh water
Term
water chute
Definition
a steep waterway lined with a materail such as concrete, designed to handle large volumes of rapidly moving runoff
Term
watershed
Definition
the land draining into a pond
Term
waterway
Definition
a ditch or berm designed to conduct surface runoff safely to a desried location
Term
windbreak
Definition
a structre, usually vegetative, across the prevailing wind direction designed to reduce surface wind speed
Term
zone of aeration
Definition
empty spaces, filled with air, between soil mineral paricles
Term
tidal wave
Definition
the most common catastrophic wave known
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