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-most revered women's art in the Plains region
-done in guilds |
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| in Plains culture, belonging to a guild was a sign of social status |
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| Blackfeet tribe made the largest of these; they were reconstructed every 2-3 years; made in springtime |
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| one branch of seven of the Sioux nation; believed that quillwork was taught to the people by Double-Woman |
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| Double-Woman or Deer Woman |
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| Lakota legend: Brought art from the spirit world, no one saw her. |
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| soft leather with sinew thread, flattened and softened the quill using teeth, bone awl to punch the whole, wild grape and lichen to dye, stored quills in deer bladder, EVERY quill sewn on |
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| stiff rawhide, doesn’t need stitching because of the tightness, no spaces |
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| Beads were valued because... |
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Definition
| they were rare, durable, color didn't fade |
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| used light blue, large blocks of color outlined in thin white |
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| men's arts in the Plains region |
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Definition
Began with pictographs and petroglyphs, narrative scene on robes and shields (documentary function important)
Other forms: winter counts (record main events of each year) |
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| Reservation Period 1860's |
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Definition
| forced resettlement; end of migrating communities |
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| effect of reservation period on men's arts: |
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Definition
| rapid decline; made ledger drawings as a lament for lost way of life and knowledge |
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| effect of reservation period on women's arts: |
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Definition
| rapid incline due to 'enforced leisure'; loss of buffalo causes transition to new types of art |
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| effect of reservation period on ceremonies: |
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Definition
| these are banned; pow wow "dance competitions" are started instead |
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Definition
| pan-tribal movement and support of native identity; resulted in Wounded Knee tragedy |
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| a Paiute shaman that prophesied that a time of peace for natives would come; started the Ghost Dance in 1889 |
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| a masacre of Natives during a Ghost Dance in 1890; catalyst of cultural distress for Natives |
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| founder of Native boarding schools; said "kill the indian to save the man" |
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Definition
mixed race- Scottish, English, Irish mixed with Ojibwa and Cree
skilled embroiderers
missionary skills
stylistic fusion |
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| Intermontaine Region aka Plateau region |
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Definition
| region in Northwest between coastal region and the plains; art in this region reflects a mix between plains and coastal art |
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| California and Great Basin |
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Definition
| highly diverse region w/ other 80 different languages; fishing cultures live here; most known for basket making using false embroidery |
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| tribe that lives in Montana/Idaho; known for beadwork; were proud of peaceful past w/ white man until they were asked to go onto reservation, when they took flight and fought a famous battle at Big Hole |
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traveled 1700 miles to avoid being captured
captured within 30 miles of Canadian border
fought famous battle at Big Hole |
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| present day author and movie director from the Nez Perce tribe |
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| the man who said "clear off the buffalo, then clear off the Sioux" |
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| Fort Laramie Land Treaty 1868 |
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| Sioux nation created to sign treaty w/ US government that would protect the Lakota lands; promised the Lakota the sacred Black Hills |
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| the general that led attacks to build the miner's road through the sacred Black Hills |
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| battle here is used as excuse for the US to revoke the Black Hills because the Natives fought back during Custer's battle |
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| a leader who turned his people into reservation because of starvation and desperation; was murdered by prison guard |
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| a leader who tries to get land in Canada, but is forced to bring his people to reservation; he is murdered and his tribe joined Bigfoot's tribe |
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| fled w/ Sitting Bull's band to Badlands; captured at Wounded Knee; were stripped of weapons then massacred |
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