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Definition
| a spontaneous, random change in genetic material |
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| Neutral, advantageous, disadvantageous |
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| Radiation + some chemicals |
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Definition
| Environmental factors which can increase the rate of mutation |
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Definition
| The different forms which a gene may have. These are all the results of mutation from an original gene. |
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Definition
| Differences between individuals in a population. The result of different alleles and different environment |
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Definition
| Each generation produces far more offspring than can possibly survive to become adults. |
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Definition
| The process by which nature makes sure that the survivors in each generation are the best adapted to their way of life and so pass on better characteristics. Also called "survival of the fittest." |
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Definition
| Factors in the environment which make the survival of certain variations more likely than others |
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Definition
| Having good ecological fitness |
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Definition
| slow, gradual change in the genetic make-up of species as a result of natural selection over many generations. |
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Definition
| Factor that causes genetic isolation of part of a population form the rest of the species |
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Definition
| isolation barrier involving a physical structure e.g. river, mountain range |
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Definition
| isolation barrier involving an environmental difference e.g. pH, salinity, different habitats |
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Definition
| isolation barrier involving an animal’s behaviour e.g. courtship |
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Definition
| process which occurs after part of a population becomes separated by an isolation barrier, different mutations in the two populations and different selection pressures eventually gives rise to a new species |
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Term
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Definition
| group of organisms with similar characteristics and can produce fertile offspring |
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