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N468
Cardiac
22
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
08/26/2010

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Term
P Wave
Definition
electrical firing of SA node = atrial depolarization.
Term
PR segment
Definition
between P and Q, results from pause in electrical conduction as depolarization slows
Term
PR Interval
Definition
depolarization of R and L atria. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
Term
QRS complex
Definition
depolarization of both ventricles. less than 0.12 seconds
Term
ST segment
Definition
early repolarization of the ventricles.
Term
T wave
Definition
ventricular repolarization
Term
QT interval
Definition
total time required for ventricular depolarization to repolarization. 0.38 - 0.42 seconds
Term
6 Steps to interpret ECG
Definition
1. determine rhythm
2. measure HR
3. Examine P waves
4. Examine P to QRS ratio
5. Measure PR interval
6. Examine the QRS complex
7. Interpret rhythm
Term
Sinus Bradycardia (SB)
Definition
less thank 60 beats/min for both atria & ventricles. May be normal during sleep & for athletes. Caused by vagal stim, acute MI, hypoxia, digitalis, beta blockers and Ca channel blockers
Term
Sinus Tachycardia (ST)
Definition
greater than 100 beats/min. Normal response to exercise, fever, anxiety, pain, hypoxia, CHF, acute MI, infection, sympathetic stimulation, anemia, and other stressors that increase need for O2
Term
Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
Definition
different dysrhythmias caused by an unhealthy sinus node. Most often in heart diseased elderly
Term
Premature Atrial Complexes (PAC)
Definition
single early beats within an underlying rhythm. P waves of early beats may have a different configuration
Term
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Definition
rapid dysrhythmia that occurs above the ventricle in either the atria or AV junction. AT is often initiated by PACs
Term
Atrial Flutter
Definition
atrial rhythm is regular and ventricular rhythm may or may not also be regular depending on AV conduction. Atrial rate of 250-350BPM. Often seen w/ heart disease, CHF, cardiac valvular disease, and post cardiac surgery.
Term
Atrial Fibrilation (AF or AFib)
Definition
rapid firing of multiple irritable foci in atria = no effective atrial contraction because there is no uniform wave of depolarization. Tx w/ anticoagulants, coumadin, beta blockers, & cardioversion
Term
Premature Junctional Complexes (PJC)
Definition
early beats that arise from AV junction. P waves usually inverted. Usually do not cause symptoms, but if sympotms occur, Tx like PAC
Term
Junction Escape Rhythm
Definition
SA node failed, AV node paces heart at 40-60BPM. P wave usually inverted
Term
1st Degree AV Block
Definition
all impulse conducted to ventricles is delayed. HR usually WNL. RRR. PR interval > 0.20 seconds. Usually no Tx necessary
Term
2nd Degree AV block
Definition
not all impulses from atria are conducted to ventricles. SA fires regularly, but some impulses are blocked at AV junction.
Type 1 - irregular rhythm d/t non conducted P wave
Type II - more serious, can progress to 3rd degree AV block, bradycardic, block occurs below bundle of His.
Term
3rd Degree AV Block
Definition
complete heart block, no impulse from atria are conducted through AV junction. Atria & Ventricles beat independently of each other. HR 40-60BPM. No consistent PR interval. Need a pacemaker.
Term
Bundle Branch Block (BBB)
Definition
Intraventricular conduction delay or block in bundle branches. Impulse may move slowly from one ventricle to the other. May be temp or perm.
Term
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC)
Definition
early beats w/in an underlying rhythm initiated by an irritable focus in one ventricle. Has no P wave.
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