Shared Flashcard Set

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N368 Med/Surg
Integumentary Disorders
31
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
11/30/2009

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Cards

Term
What is Pruritis?
Definition
*Subjective itching sensation produces urge to scratch *Many causes *Tx antihist, corticosteroids, baths/soaks
Term
What is Xerosis? Xeroderma? Ichthyosis? Lichenification?
Definition
Xerosis = dry skin, common in elderly. Xeroderma = chronic condition of dry rough skin. Ichthyosis = inherited condition of dry scaley skin. Lichenification = thickening of chronically dry skin
Term
How to reduce dry skin & Relieve Pruritis?
Definition
Mild detergent, rice twice, no fab. soft., no perfume or lotion c alcohol, use lotion, mild soap, bathe less frequently, humidify air, inc. fluids, relaxation
Term
What is a Cyst?
Definition
Closed sac in or under skin lined c epithelium & contain fluid or semi-solid material
Term
What is a Keloid?
Definition
Elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scars d/t excessive collagen
Term
What is a Nevi?
Definition
"mole" - flat/raised macules/papules c rounded, well defined boarders
Term
What are angiomas?
Definition
Benign vascular tumors; hemangiomas
Term
What is Seborrheic Keratosis?
Definition
Superficial flat, smooth/warty-surfaced growth; tan, dark brown, or flesh colored; appear waxy or greasy
Term
What is Psoriasis?
Definition
Chronic immune skin disorder; raised, reddened, round plaques covered by silvery white scales; scalp, lateral arms/legs, elbows, knees, sacrum, around nails; R/T sunlight, stress, seasonal change, hormones, steroid w/drawl, ETOH, lithium
Term
How to treat Psoriasis?
Definition
Topical Meds = corticost., coal tar prep.
Methotrexate. UVB = UV therapy. Photochemotherapy
Term
What is Pyoderma?
Definition
Bacterial infection of the skin = Staph aureus, Strep, MRSA
Term
What is Folliculitis?
Definition
Bacterial infection of hair follicle
Term
What is Furuncles?
Definition
Boils; deep, firm, red, painful, nodule - can become cystic
Term
What is Carbuncle?
Definition
Group of infected hair follicles; common on back of neck, upper back, lateral thighs
Term
What is Cellulis?
Definition
Localized infection of dermis & subcutaneous tissue
Term
What are the fungi that cause superficial skin infection called? How can infection spread? What is important for infection development?
Definition
Dermatophytes or Mycoses; infected animal or person contact, inanimate object transmission; moisture necessary for development
Term
How are Dermatophyte infections named?
Definition
By affected body part; Tinea pedis = feet, capitis = scalp; corporis = "ringowrm" anywhere in body; versicolor = upper chest, back, arms; cruris = groin "jock itch"
Term
What is Candidiasis?
Definition
Infection caused by Candida albicans (yeast like fungus) normally on mucus memb of skin, vagina, GI tract
Term
What are risk factors for Cadidiasis?
Definition
Moist environment, warmth, altered skin integrity, systemic abx, pregnancy, OCP use, poor nutrition, DM, Cushings dz, other chronic dz, immunosuppression
Term
What is Pediculosis?
Definition
Lice infestation
Term
What is Scabies?
Definition
Parasitic infection caused by mites; common in interdigit spaces, inner elbows and wrists, axillae, female nipple, penis, belt line, gluteal fold; small, red-brown burrow
Term
What are Verrucae?
Definition
Warts; lesions of the skin caused by HPV; can be anywhere on body; Plantar = bottom of foot, Flat = forehead or dorsum of hand, Condyloma acuminata = genital warts
Term
What is HSV-1?
Definition
Herpes simplex virus-1; viral infection; most often found above waist on lips, face, mouth
Term
What is HSV-2?
Definition
Genital herpes; begins c prodrome of burning/tingling, then erythema, vesicle formation & pain
Term
What is Herpes Zoster?
Definition
Shingles; viral infection of a dermatome caused by varicella
Term
What is Hiristuism?
Definition
Excessive hair in normal & abnormal areas in women; commonly = upper lip, chin, chest, abdomen; d/t inc. androgen levels
Term
What causes hiristuism?
Definition
Fam hx; polycystic ovary syndrome; ovarian, adrenal, pituitary tumors; cushing's syndrome; CNS disroders; Rx = minoxidil, cyclosporin, phenytoin, anabolic steroids
Term
What is Alopecia? Causes? Types?
Definition
Loss of hair/Baldness; Causes = scarring, radiation, bacterial, fungal, viral infect, systemic dz's; Types = male patter, female pattern, Alopecia areata = round/oval bald patches, A. totalis = loss of all head hair, A. universalis = loss of all body hair
Term
What is Paronychia?
Definition
Infection of cuticle
Term
What is Onychomycosis?
Definition
Fungal infection of nail plate
Term
What is an ingrown toenail?
Definition
Edge of nail plate grows into soft tissue of toe
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