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Myths 3
N/a
133
Classics
Undergraduate 3
04/11/2012

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Term
Who is the sister of Cadmus?
Definition
Europa
Term
Whatis Cadmus told when he goes to the Oracle?
Definition
he needs to follow the cow with a specials mark and found his city where it rests
Term
Who is told that he will become the object of wandering gazes of men?
Definition
Cadmus
Term
Who advises Cadmus concerning the dragons teeth and his new soldiers?
Definition
Athena
Term
Who is the ancestor of the aristocratic families in Thebes?
Definition
Cadmus
Term
How long did Cadmus serve Ares?
Definition
8 years
Term
Who is the daughter of Ares and Aphrodite who receives a cursed necklace? Who's her husband?
Definition
Harmonia (from Hephaestus); Cadmus
Term
Who are the children of Cadmus and Harmonia?
Definition
Agave, Semele, and Io
Term
What is the story of Antiope?
Definition
Daughter of Theban king impregnated by Zeus who is then banished and further tortured by her brother and his wife (Dirce) after her father kills himself
Term
What is the story of the children of Antiope?
Definition
She has them on the side of the road and leaves them with a shepherd; Antiope escapes torture and finds them; they return to Thebes and kill Dirce and husband
Term
Describe Amphion and Zethus
Definition
musician, cattleman; marry Amphion and Niobe
Term
Who is the father of Laius?
Definition
Labdacus
Term
What is the story of Laius?
Definition
flees from Thebes to Elis and rapes son of Pelops (violation of xenia); Pelops curses the family of Labdacus by saying his son will kill him and marry his wife
Term
Who tells the best story of Oedipus?
Definition
Sophocles
Term
What is the story of the birth of Oedipus?
Definition
his dad tries to avoid his mom but gets drunk and fails; Oed.'s feet were mutilated (name means swollen feet); given to shepherd then adopted by king and queen of Corinth
Term
Who reveals the fate of Oed. to him?
Definition
Pythia
Term
Where does Oed. go after he fleas Corinth?
Definition
Thebes; kills all men but one in a road rage accident
Term
How did Laius get killed by bandits?
Definition
He went to Delphi for answers to the riddle of the sphinx that was plaguing Thebes
Term
Who are the children of Oed. and the Queen?
Definition
Polynices and Eteocles; Antiogone and Ismene
Term
Describe the plague of Thebes
Definition
Plague under the reign of Oed. because the death of Laius has not been avenged; Tiresias says the culprit is still in Thebes
Term
What is the occurrence involving the messenger from Corinth?
Definition
The King of Corinth is dead so Oed. is not king but he won't go back because he does not want to go back because of fear of marrying "mother"; Messenger reveals the truth, his real mom kills herself and Oed becomes blind
Term
How is Oedipus different from other heroes?
Definition
no divine birth; overthrowing of his father leads to caos instead of prosperity
Term
How do Homer and Sophocles' stories of Oedipus differ?
Definition
Homer says Oed. is still king after the truth is revealed; Sophocles says he blinds himself and is exiled
Term
What is the conflict of Oedipus?
Definition
Greeks say he had no moral fault; confused about his true self (what he appears to be vs who he is); intelligence is restless
Term
What are the two psychological ideals surrounding the story of Oedipus?
Definition
Oed complex and Electra complex via Sigmund Freud
Term
What are the 3 plays concerning the story of Oed.?
Definition
7 Against Thebes (Aeschlus); Oed. at Colonus (Sophocles); Antiogone (Sophocles)
Term
What play tells the story of the sons of Oedipus?
Definition
7 Against Thebes
Term
What is the story of the 7 Against Thebes?
Definition
Eteocles and Polynices rule Thebes in alternate years but Eteocles wants sole rule; Polynices is driven into exile and goes to Argos
Term
What happens once Polynices goes to Argos?
Definition
The king of Argos' daughters' must be yoked by a boar and a lion; Polynices and his companion have those animals on their shields so the King of Argos offers his assistance in exchange for marriage
Term
What is the story of the seer in the 7 Against Thebes?
Definition
Amphiora knows this is doomed and only the king will survive; Eriphyle (sister of the king and wife of seer) was bribed to vote on behalf of the expedition with a cursed necklace
Term
What is the story of Oed at Colonus?
Definition
Oed. is not in exile and arrives at Grove of Furies at Athens with Antigone; Oracle says that wherever Oed is buried cannot be captured; sons want him back but he curses them and dies mysteriously
Term
Describe the battle before Thebes
Definition
7 Theban heroes defended 1/7 gates; sons of Oed. kill each other with mutual blows; Thebes is spared but only the king of Argos survived
Term
Describe Sophocles' Antiogne
Definition
Creon (ruler of Thebes) forbids the burial of Polynices; Antiogne defies that because she feels she is following the rule of the gods and is shut in a cave to die because of it
Term
What is the story of Haemon and Antiogne?
Definition
Haemon tries to convince his father (the king) to let her out but to no avail; Creon finally listens to prophet Tiresias but it is too late, she hung herself; Haemon tries to kill the king but fails and kills himself; Queen kills herself
Term
Describe the revenge of the Parthenos
Definition
the play is a circle of opposition: Antiogne is conservative while Creon is progressive (politics); Creon is nomos and Antiogne is physis (philosophy)
Term
Where does Jason begin his quest?
Definition
Iolcus
Term
What is the name of Jason's family?
Definition
Aeolids
Term
Who are the children of Athamas and Nephele?
Definition
Phrixus and Helle
Term
Who is Athamus' new wife?
Definition
Ino
Term
What saves Helle and Phrixus from being sacrificed?
Definition
a golden ram; Helle falls off at Hellespoint; Phrixus continues on to Colchis where the ram is sacrificed and King Aeetos keeps the golden fleece
Term
Athamus' niece has 2 sons by who?
Definition
Poseidon; one of which is Pelias
Term
Who is the mortal step father of Pelias?
Definition
Aeson
Term
Who are the parents of Jason? Who raised him?
Definition
Aeson and Athamus' niece; Chiron
Term
What warning was given to Pelias?
Definition
beware the man with one sandal
Term
Describe Hera's plan
Definition
Jason goes from Mt Pelion to Iolcus and a disguised Hera asks for his assistance crossing a river where he loses his sandal; She needs to get Medea to Iolcus
Term
Describe how Jason was assigned his quest. Who is the main source of this information?
Definition
Jason said that if he was trying to avoid someone destined to end him he would send that person on an impossible quest; Pelias sends him after the Golden Fleece; Apollonius of Rhodes
Term
Who is the keeper of the Golden Fleece?
Definition
Aeetes Ruler of Colchis
Term
Describe the back story to the Voyage of Argo
Definition
A talking ship is built by Argas and blessed by Athena; it is the largest in Greek history and houses Jason and the best warriors of the day
Term
Who are the Argonauts (5)?
Definition
Heracles, Castor and Polydeuces (Dioscuri brothers of Helen) Orpheus, Calais and Zetes (sons of Boreas--north wind), the Boreads,and Peleus (father of Achilles)
Term
Describe the first section of Early Adventures
Definition
The women of Lemnos who were cursed by Aphrodite murdered their husbands for wanting Thoracian women; Argonauts "service" these women for 1 year
Term
Describe the second section of Early Adventures
Definition
Received by Cyzius king of Dioliones who is very friendly they party and sail away but the winds change and they are now seen as the enemy of the same place; king is killed
Term
Describe the third section of Early Adventures
Definition
Heracles breaks his oar from rowing so hard to get to safety; Lover Hylas is taken by Nymphs
Term
Describe the fourth section of Early Adventures
Definition
a random guy named Amycus will not give the Argonauts water until someone beats him in boxing Polydeuces wins
Term
What is the story of Phineas and the Harpes?
Definition
Phineas ("prophet") told all of Zeus' secrets and is punished with blindness, old age, and harpies who destroy his offerings/scare visitors
Term
What is the story of the Symplegades?
Definition
"clashing rocks"; Phineas stikes a deal with his brothers in law (Calais and Zetes); fate of released dove determines whether or not they move on Athena assists them
Term
Describe Medea
Definition
Daughter of Aeetes; helps Jason because she loves him; good with spells and potions;
Term
What is Medea's first "gift" to Jason?
Definition
an ointment to protect him from fire
Term
What are the impossible tasks assigned to Jason by Aeetes?
Definition
yokes fire-breathing bronze-hoofed bulls; sow dragon teeth/give them to Athena; Defeat the men that come from the ground via dragon's teeth; dragon is guard of golden fleece
Term
How is the golden fleece attained by Jason and what happens as a result?
Definition
Medea drugs the dragon; her and Jason flee with the fleece because the king is getting suspicious; Aeetes chases them
Term
Who dies in the Escape of Jason and Medea?
Definition
Medea older and younger brothers
Term
What happens when Aeetes catches up with Jason and Medea and where does this happen?
Definition
He asks the people of Phaecia to hand them over and they agree because they aren't married they flee and later marry to attain safety
Term
What is the story of the Argonauts in Libya?
Definition
they drag the Argo across the desert robot from a previous myth attacks people in the desert; Heracles had just left the Garden of Hesperides
Term
What is the short story of Talus?
Definition
robot filled of divine ichor who's heel is punctured by Medea leading to the loss of his ichor and his life
Term
What led to the death of Pelias?
Definition
Rumor of Iolcus: the Argo was destroyed; Pelias thought he had now avoided fate
Term
What does Pelias do after he hears the Rumor of Iolcus?
Definition
forces death of Jason's father by making him drink bull blood; causes Jason's mom to commit suicide; kills Jason's little brother
Term
How did Pelias die?
Definition
Medea's Trick; she cut up a pig in front of his daughters, boiled it, and a new young one came out; they tried the same with their father but he died because Medea "left out" an ingredient
Term
What happens as a result of Hera's revenge being complete?
Definition
people of Iolcus banish Jason and Medea
Term
Who does Jason marry in order to become king and have a kingdom?
Definition
Glauce, daughter of king of Corinth
Term
What happens when Jason tries to divorce Medea?
Definition
She is angry for giving up everything for him; has her children give Glauce a crown and robe that kill her and her father; kills her children
Term
Describe Deus ex Machina
Definition
a twist on the story of the fate of Medea; one of her children is saved by the daughter of Helius with a chariot from the sky
Term
How does Jason die?
Definition
a piece of the Argo falls on him as he sits under it
Term
What is the fate of Medea and Aegus?
Definition
have Medus of Corinth who is the Eponym of the Medes (Persians); when dead is found in Elysian fields with Achilles
Term
Describe Greek witches such as Medea and Circe
Definition
Often beautiful and seductive; both descendants of Helios; use of potions and spells
Term
Who's play depicts Medea as especially vulnerable?
Definition
Euripedes
Term
When did the Trojan war occur?
Definition
1200 BC
Term
What are the works and timeline of Homer?
Definition
Iliad and Odyssey; Archaic pd (800BC); written 400 yrs after it happened
Term
Who are the members of the house of Atreus?
Definition
Agamemnon (leader of Greek forces) and Menalaus (husband of helen of troy); Argive plain
Term
Describe Pelops
Definition
son of evil Tantalus; king of Lydia; was fed to the gods by his father and remade with an ivory shoulder
Term
Who is the king of Pisa that was in love with his own daughter? What was her name?
Definition
Oenomaus; Hippodamia
Term
Describe the race of Oenomaus
Definition
was in love with his daughter and was determined to deter her suitors; challenged them to a race and they were beheaded if they lost; had horses that were born from the wind; Pelops competed and had his lover Poseidon give him horses that never tired and bribed Myrtilus (charioteer repairmen for the king). He wins
Term
What led to the curse of Myrtilus?
Definition
Pelops double crosses him and throws him off a cliff when he attempts to have his way with Hippodamia (which was their deal if he won); curse follows the family of Pelops: led to curse on the house of Labdacus ie Laius
Term
What is peloponneseus?
Definition
the part of Greece named after Pelops
Term
What is the story of Atreus and Thyestes?
Definition
Oracle req that the next king of Mycenae be a descendant of Pelops; Thyestes suggested that the next king should be whichever could bring forth a golden fleece (NOT Jason's); Atreus agreed because he already had one but his cheating wife gave it to Thyestes;
Term
How does Atreus become king of Mycenae?
Definition
proposed that whomever could could reverse the rising of the sun should become king; Thyestes agrees and Zeus makes it happen
Term
Describe the banquet of Thyestes
Definition
Atreus discovers the trick of Thyestes and invites him and his children to a dinner he cuts and up cooks T's children and T eats them. Atreus brings in the head of his sons to show T; T curses Atreus
Term
What is the story of Thyestes and Pelopia?
Definition
Thyestes must have a son with his daughter and that boy will exact his revenge; rapes a woman in the woods and leaves his sword behind; Atreus goes on a search for Thyestes and ends up in the same place marries the woman T raped (Pelopia)
Term
Describe the death of Atreus
Definition
Pelopia has a son by her father that Atreus believes to be his and names Aegisthus the other sons of Atreus find and imprison Thyestes; Aegisthus is ordered to kill Thyestes who is then recognized as his father; Pelopia kills herself and Aegisthus kills Atreus; the sons of Atreus (Agamemnon and Menelaus) flee to Sparta
Term
Who are the members of the house of Tyndareus?
Definition
King Tyndareus + Leda= castor and Clymnestra; Zeus (swan) + Leda= Polydeuces and Helen; Castor + Polydeuces= Dioscuri
Term
Who was Clytemnestra betrothed to and who set them up?
Definition
Agamemnon; Tyndareus
Term
Who are the suitors of Helen?
Definition
Odysseus, Ajax, Philoctetes, Patroclus (was given bow of Heracles), Menelaus
Term
What was the Oath of Tyndareus?
Definition
suitors of Helen were to defend her always; Odysseus marries Penelope because he gave this idea to Tyndareus
Term
What crime was committed by Peleus and his brother?
Definition
they killed their other brother because of his athletic ability and wre exiled from Aegina, the land of the Myrmidons
Term
What was the secret of Zeus and Prometheus?
Definition
Thetis could not sleep with Zeus because the child would be greater than him, so she married mortal Peleus; he wins her by wrestling every form she changes to
Term
Describe the wedding of Peleus and Thetis
Definition
Lavish, planned by Hera, all Gods and Goddesses invited except for Eris (discord); arrives and rolls golden apple across floor for the most beautiful goddess to pick up
Term
Who are the parents of Paris?
Definition
King and Queen of Troy (Priam and Hecabe)
Term
What is the story of the birth of Paris?
Definition
his mother dreamed she gave birth to flaming torch; meant child would bring destruction to the people; is left behind but found by a shepherd
Term
How does Paris end of in pursuit of Helen of Troy?
Definition
3 goddesses appear to him naked asking who he thinks is most beautiful; Hera says she will make him ruler of the world; Athena said she will make him the greatest military leader ever; Aphrodite says she will give him the most beautiful woman in the world; given Helen but she is married to Menalaus
Term
What happens when Paris kidnaps Helen of Troy?
Definition
He also steals the treasure of Menalaus from sparta; Menalaus appeals to Agamemnon in remembrance of the oath of Tyndareus; Odysseus acts crazy to resist going; Clchas (seer) says Troy will not fall without Achilles
Term
Who are the parents of Achilles?
Definition
Peleus and Thetis
Term
What is the story of Achilles' childhood?
Definition
Raised by wise centaur Chiron and Nereid Thetis who tries to make him immortal by is caught by Peleus; Thetis leaves and returns to sea, leaving Achilles with Chiron
Term
How is Achilles discovered?
Definition
He is moved to Scyros disguised as a woman for protection; is outed when he chooses a sword placed among female trinkets
Term
ID and describe the Warriors in the journey to troy
Definition
Ajax the Greater and Lesser (sons of Telamon), Nestor (King of Pylos), Calchas the seer
Term
What happens between Achilles and Telephus?
Definition
Achilles wounds him and only the rust from his spear will heal him; Telephus agrees to lead group to Troy in exchange
Term
Concerning the Journey to Troy, what angers the goddess Atremis?
Definition
Agamemnon claims he is a better hunter than her so he must sacrifice his daughter in order for them to sail to Troy; Lures daughter there by saying she is to marry Achilles; in one version he kills her and his wife gets angry, another says Artemis switches her for a deer at the last minute and she becomes a priestess
Term
What happens to Philoctetes on the way to Troy?
Definition
He is left on Lemnos because of an unhealed snake bite
Term
Who is the first Greek to set foot on Troy and what happens to him?
Definition
Protesilaus; he dies (mandated by Oracle)
Term
Describe the Iliad
Definition
talks about the 10th year of the Trojan war; the consequences of Achilles' anger
Term
Who is the son of Priam and Hecabe that marries Andromache? Who is there son?
Definition
Hector (greatest warrior on the Trojan side); Astyanax
Term
What gods were on the side of the Greeks in the Trojan war?
Definition
Hera, Athena, poseidon, Hermes and Hephaestus
Term
What gods were on the side of the Trojans for the Trojan war?
Definition
Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Ares
Term
How do Greeks measure victory?
Definition
by the amount of bounty acquired
Term
What is the story of the anger of Achilles?
Definition
Priest of Apollo stomp through the camp looking for his daughter; asks Apollo to rain arrows on the camp; Chryseis has to be released for it to stop
Term
What causes the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon?
Definition
Agamemnon has to give up his captive Chryseis and wants Achilles' Briseis instead; Achilles gets mad and tries to kill him; Athena saves him by pulling Achilles' hair per request of Hera; Achilles then asks him mom to make the Greeks suffer
Term
What is significant of the scene including Hector, Andromache, and Astyanax?
Definition
showed how Homer felt towards Troy and its warriors: all were sold into slavery; children of great warriors were killed
Term
How does Agamemnon get Achilles back?
Definition
repents and sends Ajax the Greater, Odysseus, and Phoenix to get him back; He refuses until Thetis says he will either live a long boring life or a short one where he will be remembered forever
Term
ID:
Friend of Achilles who goes into battle with his armor and is killed by Hector when he fails to stay away from the walls of the battle field
Definition
Patroclus
Term
how does Hector die?
Definition
Achilles get new armor from Hephaestus; kills so many that the river god is angry with all the blood; kills Hector in single battle
Term
Describe the ransom of Hector
Definition
Achilles abuses Hector's dead body; his father Priam comes to beg for it back; Iliad ends the his burial to show the growth of Achilles
Term
Who killed Achilles?
Definition
Paris, with the help of Apollo
Term
Who receives the armor of Achilles and why?
Definition
Odysseus even though Ajax the Greater was the next best warrior; Ajax went crazy thinking he was killing Greek leaders but they were only sheep. Was humiliated and killed himself
Term
What were the new conditions for Troy's fall?
Definition
Neoptolemus (son of Achilles) must join the battle (was also disguised as a woman); Palladium (statue of Athena) must be stolen from Troy; Heracles' bow and arrows must be brought to the battle (Philoctetes, now healed, kills Paris)
Term
What was the strategy for the Trojan horse?
Definition
Greeks appear to give up and leave; 1 person (Sinon) stays behind with wooden horse as a gift to Athena
Term
Who gets killed along with his sons for seemingly not letting the wooden horse into Troy and throwing a spear at it?
Definition
Laocoon
Term
What is the real reason behind the death of Laocoon and his sons?
Definition
had sex with his wife on Poseidon's sacred ground
Term
How does Helen attempt to trick the men inside the Trojan horse?
Definition
She changes her voice to sound like all of their wives
Term
how is Priam killed?
Definition
on the altar of Zeus by Neoptolemus
Term
What were some of the outrages committed by the Greeks?
Definition
Astyanax killed; Ajax the Lesser rapes Cassandra as she clings to statue of Athena; Menelaus attempts to kill Helen
Term
Who manages to escape the fall of Troy?
Definition
Aeneas (ancestor of Rome), his son and father
Term
Who tells the story of the Return of Agamemnon?
Definition
Aeschylus in the play Oresteia
Term
Define Nostoi
Definition
name of the stories that mean homecoming
Term
What is happening at home in Mycenea during the trojan war?
Definition
Clytemnestra is left at home and its killing her; Aegisthus is helping her; together have Ortes and Electra
Term
Who is the mistress of Agamemnon?
Definition
Cassandra
Term
What is the vengeful plan of Clytemnestra?
Definition
Angry because of her daughter being sacrificed (Iphigenia); Aegisthus wants to avenge "Banquet of Thyestes"; Cassandra warns Agamemnon but to no avail: his wife kills him
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