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Mythology
N/A
57
Classics
Undergraduate 1
05/12/2014

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Term
753 BCE
Definition
Founding of Rome
Term
Romulus
Definition
Founded Rome with his brother Remus, ended up kidding Remus
Term
Republic
Definition
Govt ruled by elected leaders that represent the people
Term
Carthage
Definition
Rome's primary rival
Term
Julius Caesar
Definition
General who ended the Roman civil war
Officers killed him to prevent him from seizing too much power
Term
Augustus
Definition
Julius Caesar's nephew Octavian
Ended the Republic, started the Empire
King in all but name
Term
Myth of Ages
Definition
Gold, Silver, Bronze, Iron ages of man. Jupiter wiped mankind out after the iron age because how how bad people were
Term
Deucalion and Pyrrha
Definition
Survived the flood, created new humans by throwing rocks behind them
Term
Cupid
Definition
Shot Apollo with an arrow because Apollo said he was a lesser archer
Term
Daphne
Definition
Nymph chased by Apollo, was turned into a laurel tree to escape
Term
Io
Definition
Woman who Jupiter pursued, and was turned into a cow to hide from Juno
Given to Juno, and guarded by Argus, and then forced to wander until Jupiter turned her back into a human
Term
Argus
Definition
Io's guard, had eyes all over his body
Slain by Hermes
Term
Aetiology
Definition
Myth of causation or origination
Term
Phaethon
Definition
Son of Apollo, asked to drive his sun chariot, and lost control
Created the Sahara desert
Term
Callisto
Definition
Was impregnated by Jupiter and cast out of the huntresses by Diana
Gave birth to to Arcas, was transformed into a bear by Juno, and was almost killed by him
Turned into Ursa Major and Minor, can never rest in the ocean
Term
Actaeon
Definition
Stumbled upon Diana bathing, and she turned him into a stag
Was killed by his own hounds
Term
Narcissus
Definition
Cursed by Venus to fall in love with that which couldn't love him back (his reflection)
Turned into a flower
Term
Echo
Definition
Nymph cursed by Juno to only repeat what she heard last (couldn't speak on her own).
Fell in love with Narcissus
Term
Pyramus and Thisbe
Definition
Romeo and Juliet, except killed by lions, not poison
Term
Salmacis and Hermaphroditus
Definition
Salmacis was a water nymph who loved Hermaphroditus, when he ignored her she embraced him and wished they could be one
Term
Perseus
Definition
Son of Danae and Zeus, killed Medusa and used her head to rescue Andromeda from a sea monster
Pegasus was born when Medusa died
Term
Ceres and Proserpina
Definition
Muses tell the story in a contest, takes place in Sicily
Term
Arachne
Definition
Turned into a spider by Minerva after a weaving contest
Term
Niobe
Definition
Bragged that she was better than Leto for having more children, and Artemis and Apollo took revenge for the insult by killing her children
Term
Marsyas
Definition
Challenged Apollo to a music contest and Apollo flayed him alive and he turned into a river
Term
Tereus
Definition
Married to Procne, but wanted her sister Philomela. He took Philomela captive, and cut out her tongue so she couldn't tell anyone. Philomela told her sister by weaving the message into a tapestry and Procne kills her son and serves him to Tereus. All three are turned into birds
Term
Jason and Medea
Definition
Pelias is afraid of the man with one sandal and so sends him to find the Golden Fleece. Jason returns with Medea and Media tricks Pelias' daughters into killing him by cutting him until he bleeds out
Term
Daedalus and Icarus
Definition
Great inventor who designed the Labyrinth in Crete, imprisoned there with his son.
Built wings to fly out, Icarus flew too close to the sun and died when the wax melted off his wings
Term
Calydonian Boar
Definition
Boar sent by Artemis to ravage the countryside. Atalanta was the only one who wounded it, and Meleager killed it but insisted the honors go to Atalanta. His uncles got angry and he killed his uncles, only to have his mother kill him by burning the log tied to his life
Term
Baucis and Philemon
Definition
Old couple who were hospitable when Zeus and Hermes visited in disguise. Wished to be keepers of a temple, and to die together
Term
Hercules
Definition
Killed the centaur Nessus, but was killed when he wore a shirt given to him by Deianeira which was covered is Nessus' blood (she though it would make him love her)
Term
Orpheus and Eurydice
Definition
Euydice died soon after their wedding, Orpheus sang in the underworld and got her back, but looked behind him before they made it out and lost her
Killed by the Bacchae
Term
Ganymede
Definition
Beautiful Trojan prince
Zeus carried him off as an eagle to be a cup-bearer to the gods (replaced Hebe)
Term
Pygmalion
Definition
Carved a statue of a woman and fell in love with her
Venus made her real
Term
Galatea
Definition
In love with Acis, Polyphemus killed him in order to have a better chance with her
Term
Adonis
Definition
Venus was in love with him
Diana sent a boar to kill him during a hunt (revenge for Hippolytus)
Term
Atalanta
Definition
Said she wouldn't marry until someone beat her in a footrace
Hippomenes had three golden apples from Venus, and Atalanta lost because she chased them
Turned into lions
Term
Midas
Definition
Asks for the golden touch, and eventually gives it back because it was a huge mistake. Declares Pan the winner in a music contest and Apollo gives him donkey ears
Term
Pan
Definition
Competes with Apollo in a contest. Midas declares him the winner
Term
Thetis and Peleus
Definition
Parents of Achilles, He raped her after she shifted into the form of a lion to avoid him
Term
Alcyone and Ceyx
Definition
Her husband sailed away and died at sea. Morpheus came to her in a dream in his form to tell her, and she threw herself into the sea. Transformed into a bird
Term
Ekphrasis
Definition
A literary description of or commentary on a visual work of art
Term
Caenis/Caeneus
Definition
Woman who asked to be transformed into a man. Has impermeable skin and fights the centaurs at Pirithous's wedding. Turned into a bird
Term
Achilles
Definition
Greek warrior with impermeable skin, Killed by Paris
Term
Paris
Definition
Trojan prince who started the war. Killed Achilles with Apollo's help
Term
Ajax and Ulysses
Definition
Compete for Achilles's armor, Ulysses wins and Ajax commits suicide. Transformed into a flower
Term
Hecuba
Definition
Loses her son when he is sold out, and her daughter when she is sacrificed. Former Queen of Troy
Term
Aurora
Definition
Her son Memnon is killed and Jupiter turns him into a flock of birds when he is burned
Term
Pietas
Definition
Religious behavior, and devotion to your family, country, and the gods
Term
Glaucus and Scylla
Definition
He was in love with her, but Circe was in love with him. Circe transformed her into a sea monster
Term
Aeneas
Definition
Escaped Troy when the Greeks won, went on to become the founder of Rome
Term
Dido
Definition
Queen who is building Carthage. Loves Aeneas and kills herself once he leaves
Term
Sibyl
Definition
Prophetess who asks Apollo for immortality, but forgot to ask for youth to go with it. Helps Aeneas speak with his dead father
Term
Anchises
Definition
Lover of Venus, father of Aeneas
Term
Pomona and Vertumnus
Definition
The god of gardens and seasons disguises himself as an old woman to get close to her, and tell her about the dangers of rejecting suitors. She then accepts his advances
Term
Pythagoras
Definition
Philosopher, argues for vegetarianism and talks about how everything is always changing
Term
Aesculapius
Definition
Son of Apollo, brings Hippolytus back from the dead
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