Histoplasma capsulatum

Slow growth (10-30 days)

white to brown cottony colony

reverse white to yellow

Histoplasma capsulatum

Most common systemic fungus in US

thick-walled tuberculate macroconidia

oval microconidia

Histoplasma capsulatum

Most common systemic fungus in US

soil mixed with bird or bat feces

Mississippi, Ohio, and Missouri river valleys

thick-walled tuberculate macroconidia

oval microconidia

Histoplasma capsulatum

Yeast phase

7-10 days to convert on BHI

spherical to oval budding

Histoplasma capsulatum

Intracellular yeast

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Mold phase

lollipop look

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Mold phase

lollipop look

Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri river valleys

Blastomyces dermatitidis

slow growth

white to tan fluffy colonies (mold phase)

yeast form wrinkled white to light brown on BHI

Blastomyces dermatitidis

yeast phase

thick walled, broad based budding yeast

double contoured appearance

Blastomyces dermatitidis

yeast phase

thick walled, broad based budding yeast

double contoured appearance

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

Slow growth (3 weeks)

wrinkled, floccose to glabrose, white to beige (mold phase)

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

mold phase

septate hyphae

terminal and intercalary chlamydospores

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

yeast phase

"mariner's wheel"

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

yeast phase

"mariner's wheel"

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

yeast phase

"mariner's wheel"

Coccidiodes immitus

fast growth - mature within 10 days

white or tan to brown cottony colonies

white reverse

Coccidiodes immitus

mold phase

thick-walled, barrel shaped arthroconidia

alternate light and dark

causes Valley Fever

Coccidiodes immitus

thick walled spherule 

contains endospores

histological samples

Causes Valley Fever

Coccidiodes immitus

thick walled spherule

contains endospores

histological samples

Causes Valley Fever

Coccidiodes immitus

thick walled spherule

contains endospores

histological samples

Causes Valley Fever

Histoplasmosis

Most common systemic fungal disease in US.

MS, OH, MO river valleys

Inhalation of spores in soil contaminated with bird or bat feces.

Pulmonary or disseminated disease. Disseminated - ulcerating sores in mouth and nose, enlarged spleen, liver, lymph nodes

Blastomycosis (Gilchrist's disease)

Inhalation of conidia or hyphal fragments in soil or on wood.

MS, OH, MO river valleys.

Respiratory or skin infection

Respiratory- tumor-like structures on X-ray Skin - small papules on exposed areas with cuts, bruises, or other injury.

Paracoccidiomycosis brasiliensis

(South American blastomycosis)

Chronic, occasionally fatal.

Central America, South America, Mexico. Begins in lungs, disseminates. Extrapulmonary lesions on face and oral mucosa

Coccidiomycosis

(San Joaquin Fever, Valley Fever)

Inhalation of spores from dust particles.

hot, dry regions of southwest US - CA, AZ

3 classifactions of infection: initial pulmonary infection; pulmonary complications; extra pulmonary disease - dissemination causing cutaneous and soft tissue infection, osteomyelitis, arthritis, meningitis