Term
| geographic location of cryptococcus neoformans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of cryptococcus neoformans |
|
Definition
| soil contaminated with avian (pigeon) excrement |
|
|
Term
| route of infection of cryptococcus neoformans |
|
Definition
| inhaling aerosolized cells (doesn’t produe cells) |
|
|
Term
| clinical syndromes of cryptococcus neoformans |
|
Definition
| can cause disease in healthy individual. Presents pneumonic process or more commonly as a CNS infection |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of cryptococcus neoformans |
|
Definition
| microscopic detection of yeast. Microscopic examination of CSF. Detection of capsular antigen in CSF |
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|
Term
| treatment of cryptococcus neofrmans |
|
Definition
| cryptococcal meningitis and other disseminated forms are fatal if untreated. Amphotericin B + fluconazole for 2 w followed by 8 w of fluconazole or itraconazole |
|
|
Term
| geographic location of aspergillosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of aspergillosis |
|
Definition
| ubiquitous in air, soil, and decaying matter |
|
|
Term
| route of infection of aspergillosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of aspergillosis |
|
Definition
| allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sinusitis. Invasive aspergillosis (70% mortality) |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of aspergillosis |
|
Definition
| immunoassay for aspergiius galactomannan antigen in serum. Growth of mycotic media followed by identification of conidia |
|
|
Term
| treatment of aspergillosis |
|
Definition
| prevention in high risk patients. Decrease immunosuppression. Surgical debridement |
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|
Term
| geographic location of zygomycosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecologial niche of zygomycosis |
|
Definition
| ubiquitous in soil and decaying vegetation; common bread mold |
|
|
Term
| route of infection of zygomycosis |
|
Definition
| inhalation, ingestion, or contamination of wounds with sporangiospores |
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of zygomycosis |
|
Definition
| rhinocerebral zygomycosis. Pulmonary zygomycosis, cutaneous zygomycosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| direct microscopic examination. False negatives are common. Serology is not useful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amphotericin B + surgical debridement |
|
|
Term
| geological location of hyaolhyphomycosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of hyalohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| commonly encoutered in the laboratory environment as a saprobe |
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of hyalohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| fusarium: cause of mycotic keratitis. Common infection from infected contact solution. 75% positive in blood cultures |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of hyalohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| fungi can be recovered from patients having no evidence of infection. Culture for identification |
|
|
Term
| treatment of hyalohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| many show resistance to amphotericin B and other antifungals. Immune reconstruction. Surgical reconstruction. |
|
|
Term
| geographic location of phaeohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of phaeohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| route of infection of hyalohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| many infections acquired during construction, demolition and remodeling. Mostly seen in the immunocompromised |
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of phaeohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| disseminated infectios or local infections of the lung, sinuses, or CNS. Mostly seen in the immunocompromised |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of phaeohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| fungi can be recovered from patients having no evidence of infection. Culture for identification |
|
|
Term
| treatment of phaeohyphomycosis |
|
Definition
| amphotericin B + immune reconstruction |
|
|
Term
| geographic location of pneumocystosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of pneumocystosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| route of infection of pneumocystosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of pneumocystosis |
|
Definition
| pneumonia. Extrapulmonary manifestations |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of pneumocystosis |
|
Definition
| microscopic examination of clinical material |
|
|
Term
| geographic location of malazzezia furfur |
|
Definition
| worldwide; prevalent in tropics/subtropics |
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of malessezia furfur |
|
Definition
| not a saprobe in nature. Young adults most often infected with 90% of people's skin colonized |
|
|
Term
| route of infection malessezia furfur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of malessezia furfur |
|
Definition
| pityriasis versicolor, catheter-related infections, dandruff |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of malessezia furfur |
|
Definition
| floresence under Wood's lamp, direct visualization of epidermal scales |
|
|
Term
| treatment of malessezia furfur |
|
Definition
| usually a chronic infection. Topical azoles or selinium sulfide shampoo |
|
|
Term
| geographic location of candida |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| route of infection of candida |
|
Definition
-endogenous
-contaminated irrigation solutions, parenteral nutrition fluids |
|
|
Term
| ecological niche of candida |
|
Definition
| colonizers of warm blooded mammals (GI tract) |
|
|
Term
| clinical symptoms of candida |
|
Definition
-causes infection of virtually andy organ
-infections range from superficial to disseminatd |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of clinical material followed by direct microscopic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-single antifungal such as amphotericin B, capsofungin, fluconazole
-remove source of infection to enhance immune system |
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