Term
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Definition
| physiological process of stopping bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
A: helps antithrombin inactiveate thrombin and factor Xa
U: PE, evolving stroke, massive DVT, OHS, renal dialysis, DIC, USED DURING PREGNANCY
E: suppresses fibrin formation
AE: HIT - Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
WARNING: CAUSTION IN HEMOPHILIA, ^ CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY, PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE, HTN, SEVER LIVER/KIDNEY DISEASE |
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Term
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Definition
| Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| activated partial thromboplastin time |
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Term
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Definition
[low molecular weight heparin]
A: inactivates factor Xa and thrombin
U: prevention of DVT b4 abd surgery, hip/knee replacement, ischemic complications from unstable angina and MI
AE: sever neurological injuries including permanent paralysis, during LP or spinal/epidural anesthesia, thrombocytopenia
*less likelihood of thrombocytopenia |
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Term
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Definition
[oral coagulant]
A: coagulation suppression by antagonist of vit K
U: long term prophylaxis of thrombosis (prosthetic heart valves, a fib), risk for TIA's MI
AE: fetal hemorrage, category X
d/d: other anticoagulants, dilantin (for seizures) ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES |
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Term
| Vitamin K is found in...? |
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Definition
| mayonase, canola oil, soy bean oil, green leafy veggies |
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Term
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Definition
1.5 - 2 times normal levels
(18-24) |
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Term
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Definition
[non heparin agenst: selective factor Xa inhibitors]
U: DVT prevention after hip fx surgety/replacement. tx acute PE&DVT
AE: risk of bleeding in older adults with renal impairment,
*NO HIT
*NO PARADOXAL CLOTTING |
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Term
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Definition
[non heparin agents: direct thrombin inhibitors]
- given with ASA durining angioplasty and coronary interventions
-synthetic drug related to saliva of leeches |
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Term
| antidote for dabigatran (Pradaxa) |
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Definition
| there is no antidote. 60% of drug can be removed through hemodialysis in 2-3 hrs |
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Term
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Definition
[new oral thrombin inhibitor]
*do not chew or open capsules
U: afib (NON VALVULAR)use in adults only
AE:increased risk for GI/intercranial bleeding, irritated stomach,throat
d/d: interfere with NSAIDs Plavis. given with warfarin, lovenox
^effect amiodarone, ketoconazole, verapamil,quinidine
*no routine labs
-monitor for bleeing, pink urine, red/black/tarry stool |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
[new direct factor Xa inhibitor]
A:inhibits Xa and thrombin
U: nonvalvular afib, hip or knee replacement surgery (not given for other surgeries)
AE:spinal/epidural hematoma HYPERSENSITIVITY RXN = ANAPHYLAXIS
caution: renal impairment delays in excreation, hepatic impairment leads to increased risk for pleeding
*catigory C, no labs, monitor of s/s as pradaxa |
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Term
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Definition
[antiplatelet drugs]
A:cox inhibitor
U: primary prophylaxis of MI
E: reduced risk of arterial thrombosis
AE: increase GI bleeding and stroke |
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Term
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Definition
[antiplatelet drug]
A: prevents ADP-stimulated aggregation
U: prevents stenosis coronary stents and thromboti c stroke
AE: THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIA PURPURA (TTP)
d/d: prilosec (decrease antiplatelet effect) |
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Term
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Definition
[antiplatelet drugs]
A: glycoprotein receptor antagonist, THE MOST EFFECTIVE ANTIPLATELET DRUGS
U: in pt with coronary syndrome, MI leading to thrombosis, angioplasty
E: strongly prevents aggregation of platelets |
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Term
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Definition
[antiplatelet drugs]
A: platelet inhibition, vasodilation
U: intermittent claudication
E: Pain relief
AE: HA, diarrhea |
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Term
| intermittent claudication |
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Definition
| a syndrome that causes pain, craming and weakness of the calf muscles |
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Term
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Definition
[thrombolytic drugs]
A: enzyme conversion of plasminogen to plasmin
U: acute MI/PE/ischemic stroke
AE: intracranial bleeding
*no hypotension or allergic reaction
*has a window of time is must be used |
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Term
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Definition
[deficiency anemias Fe and slats]
A: increases iron levels
U: pregnancy, chronic blood loss
AE: GI disturbances, FE can stain teeth
d/d antacids reduce absorption of fe, vit c ^ SE
TOXICITY: LETHAL 2-10 G (6pills = 2g) |
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Term
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Definition
U: for pts who can not tolerate or absorbe PO Fe, sever blood loss
AE: anaphylaxis (potentially fatal)
*always 25mg test dose>observe> 500mg/15mins or longer |
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Term
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Definition
[vit b12]
U: megaloblastic ane3mia, B12 deficient
AE: hypokalemia (due to the increase in erythrocyte formation |
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Term
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Definition
[folic acid deficiency]
U: megaloblastic anemia, folic acid deficiency r/t alcoholism, pregnancy & lactation, SPRUE (INTESTIONAL MALABSORPTION)
AE: non toxic short term, long term large doses ^ risk colorectal and prostate cancer
WARNING: CAN MASK VIT B12 DEFICIENCY |
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Term
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Definition
[hematopoietic growth factors erythropoietic]
A: stimulates erythrocyte production in bone marrow - short acting
U: anemia of chronic renal failure, chemo induced anemia, Zidovudine (AZT)-induced anemia
AE: HTN |
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Term
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Definition
[hematopoietic growth factors Leukopoietic]
A: increases production of neutrophils
AE: bone pain, leukocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
[hematopoietic growth factors leukopoietic]
A: stimulates bone marrow to ^ neutrophils and macrophages
U: BMT in CA pts, tx for failed BMT, *pts with AML (acute mylocytic leukemia)
AE: diarrhea, bone pain, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
[Thrombopoietic growth factors]
A: increases platelet production
U: chemo and thrombocytopenia
E: increased blood clotting
AE: fluid retension, dysrhythmias, severe allergic reaction |
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