Term
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Definition
| -Any alteration in the nucleotide base sequence in the DNA molecule. |
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Term
| What are the two reasons for DNA mutation? Which is more common? |
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Definition
| 1.Small errors that occur during replication. 2. Mutagens damaging the DNA |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What do mutagens result in? |
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Definition
| Increased genetic variation that damages the DNA |
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Term
| Mutations result in the ultimate source of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Substitution mutation can also be called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens in point mutation? |
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Definition
| 1 nucleotide base is substituted for another changing the sequence of bases |
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Term
| What is a neutral mutation? |
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Definition
| Where the new code word is the same amino acid as the original so there is no change in the amino acid sequence |
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Term
| What is a missense mutation? |
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Definition
| The new code word codes for a different amino acid than the original so the amino acid sequence is different and may not function properly |
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Term
| What is a nonsense mutation? |
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Definition
| The new code word is a termination codon that sends a premature stop signal, and the protein is not produced at all |
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Term
| What is frameshift mutation? |
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Definition
| A nucleotide is either deleted or added |
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Term
| What is the result of frameshift mutation? |
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Definition
| every amino acid following the mutation will be changed |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of chromosomal mutations? |
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Definition
| deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation |
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Term
| What is inversion mutation? |
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Definition
| a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse |
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Term
| what is translocation mutation? |
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Definition
| a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome |
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