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Music
Vocab
59
Music
Undergraduate 1
12/16/2009

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Art Music
Definition
music that is formal, sophisticated, urban, and appreciated by an educated elite
Term
Dynamics
Definition
the level of loudness
Term
Form
Definition
shape or structure of a piece of music
Term
Binary
Definition
two-part musical form as in a b form
Term

Ternary

Definition
three-part musical form as in a b a form
Term

Scale

Definition
an ascending or descending series of tones organized according to a specific pattern of intervals
Term

Intervals 

Definition
the difference in pitch between two musical tones
Term

Diatonic

Definition
 the eight tones if a standard major or minor scale
Term

Chromatic 

Definition
proceeding by ½ steps, using sharps or flats
Term

Tempo

Definition
the speed at which music is performed
Term

Unity

Definition
music that is not ramble ans is cohesive, with an exact or a modified repetition of themes and patterns
Term

Variety

Definition
music that departs from previously stated themes and creates points of contrast
Term

Sonata

Definition
in the Baroque pd, a multi-movement work written for a solo instrument and continuo
Term

Symphony

Definition
 a multi-movement work for symphony orchestra. The typical order of movements is fast-slow-dance-fast
Term

Concerto

Definition
 a three-movement work for solo instrument and orchestra that emerged during the Baroque pd
Term
Chamber music
Definition
works for solo instruments performing together in small ensembles
Term

Cadenza

Definition
an unaccompanied passage in free rhythm in which the soloist displays his or her virtuosity
Term

Sonata form -

Definition
 a multi-movement work written for 2 solo instrument and continuo
Term

Theme and variations

Definition
an instrumental form in which a stated theme is followed by a series of  variations on that theme
Term

Minuet and trio

Definition
a stately dance movement in triple meter in a b a form.
Term

Rondo

Definition
a musical form consisting of two or more contrasting theme areas, each followed by a return to the opening theme
Term

Exposition

Definition
 presented the primary theme in the tonic key, followed by a secondary theme in a contrasting key, sometimes in contrasting mood
Term

Development

Definition
based on prior material, such as a melodic fragment of the first theme or perhaps the second theme or even both themes.
Term

Recapitulation

Definition

provided the return to stability: a return to the tonic key, the primary theme of the exposition

 

Term

Coda

Definition
concluding section, in effect serving as an extension of the tonic ending but building up to and creating anticipation of the final cadence
Term
Patronage
Definition
– a common source of income for composers
Term
Nationalistic music –
Definition
concert art music that reflects national or regional rather than universal characteristics
Term

Program music

Definition
music that depicts images, moods, stories, characters, and other nonmusical associations
Term
Homophonic –
Definition
has one note/melody
Term

Chromaticism

Definition
proceeding by ½ steps using sharps/flats
Term

Dissonance

Definition

an active, unstable sound

 

Term

Tension

Definition
a perception of instability in traditional Western music that suggests the need for release of tension or resolution
Term

Tonality

Definition
the key of the music
Term
Cadence –
Definition
a point of repose at the ending of a musical phrase
Term

Symphonic poem – .

Definition
a programmatic, one-movement work for symphony orchestra with contrasting moods
Term

Opera

 

Definition
a dramatic stage production that involves soloists who sing arias and recitatives, solo ensembles, choruses, dancing, dramatic action, costumes, staging, and orchestral accompaniment
Term
ibretto
Definition
the words to an opera or other musical stage production
Term

Ballet

Definition

stage production featuring formal, stylized dance performances with a story or a unified theme

 

Term

Miniatures

Definition
a small-scale composition
Term

Lieder

Definition
art songs
Term

Strophic

Definition
 a musical structure in which the same music is used for each stanza of a ballad, song or hymn
Term

Word painting

Definition
a technique common in the Baroque period of conveying in the music the moods, emotions, images and meanings suggested by a text
Term

Rubato

Definition

a flexible pulse/rhythm

 

Term

Fugue

Definition

an imitative polyphonic composition that originated as a keyboard genre during the Baroque pd

 

Term
Tone clusters
Definition
three or more adjacent tones sounding simultaneously
Term

Disjunct

Definition
moving in wide intervals or skips rather than in the smooth
Term

Conjunct

Definition

relating to successive tones of the scale, moving step by step

Term

Impressionism

Definition
a style of music, exemplified in the works of Debussy, that avoids explicit statement and literal description but instead emphasizes suggestion and atmosphere, evokes moods and conveys impressions of images and feelings
Term

Avant-garde composers

Definition

experimental composers who are in the forefront of musical developments and are leaders in the development of new and unconventional musical styles. They experiment with untried techniques, forms, timbres, and concepts in devising new approaches to composition, new aesthetic notions, or a new language for expressing music

 

Term

Neoclassical

Definition
a style of modern composition that is based on established forms and structures of the past and particularly on the aesthetics and musical values of the classic era
Term

Atonality

 

Definition
the avoidance of tonal centers and tonal relationships in music. It results in high chromatic, dissonant music without traditional, functional chord progressions, modulations and tuneful melodies
Term

Serial composition (12 tone technique)

Definition
a set of non-repeated pitches – a tone row – used as the basis for organizing the vertical and horizontal arrangement of pitches throughout a composition
Term

Totally controlled music

Definition
when several factors are serialized
Term

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) – .

Definition
a means for providing electronic communication between synthesizers and computers or other synthesizers. It enables sounds to be stored in memory until needed
Term

Chance music (indeterminate music)

Definition
a compositional technique whereby a composer does not control all the details of a composition, allowing the performer to make creative choices through improvisation or other means of selecting sounds within the structure of the composition
Term
Americanist music
Definition
concert art music written in a style immediately recognizable as American
Term

Ethnomusicologist

Definition

a scholar of music  in culture – of world music; one who researches the music of a culture, writes about it, and teaches others about it

 

Term
Minimalism –
Definition
a style of composition whose creator attempts to achieve the greatest effect from the least amount of material. It is typically based on many repetitions of simple patterns , creating slow, subtle changes in rhythm, chord movement, or other musical elements
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