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        | combining several melodic lines simutaneously |  
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        | combining several notes together, played at the same time-significant harmonic/chordal component |  
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        | a way to organize musical time |  
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        | oval shape that makes up body of symbol |  
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        | line connected to the notehead to create a variety of note values |  
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        | curved line connected to the right side of stem |  
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        | the bar connecting two or more notes. beam replaces the flag |  
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        | szforzando-hit hard then back off |  
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        | holding back, immediately slower |  
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        | rhythmic/melodic pattern that is repeated again and again |  
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        | who wrote the top part of Ave Maria? |  
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        | Gounod (Bach wrote the bottom part) |  
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