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| Describes the culture that was associated with all of the "isms" in modernism. Mainly, an effort to break away from traditional thought and move towards ideas of self expression. |
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| This degree was first offered at Princeton University. |
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| Leaving some of the decisions normally made by the composer to chance. Music simply is. |
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| Composition by La Monte Young that consisted of the notes B and F#, both being held "for a long time." Minimalism. |
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| Composition by Terry Riley that consisted of small musical segments. Played by instrumentalists in order. Example of Indeterminate music. |
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| Policy of Communist parties, de-emphasizing their connection to Soviet politics—instead emphasize indigenous roots |
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| A piano that has various objects inserted between the strings resulting in percussive sounds when the piano is played from the keyboard. |
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| A form of music where the number of measures in each unit is the square root of the total movement. Sonatas and Interludes, Sonata V. |
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| Associated with Morton Feldman's Projection I. A score that gives general guidelines of timbre, pitch, rhythm, and duration. |
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| A piece by John Cage that encourages audience to contemplate silence and ambient sound. |
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| These new instruments expanded the capability of compositions through electronic sound. Babbitt. |
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| Music composed using natural recorded sounds. First introduced in French Radio by Pierre Schaeffer. |
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| One of the first synthesizers developed at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center. It was used by several composers. |
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| This composers was an ornithologist and used bird calls in his compositions. Ex: Quartet for the End of Time |
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| Repeated melodic pattern & Repeated rhythmic pattern. Associated with Messiaen. |
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| Social Activism & Britten |
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| This composers attempt to get a message out to audiences about how he felt towards the subjects of homosexuality, war, and pacifism. |
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| Form where the first stanza and the second stanza are completed in thought by the third stanza. |
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| Alternating short phrases between the leader and the group. Incorporated into Jazz music. |
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| Style of music where there is a group variation of a given tune. Originated in New Orleans. |
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| The scale used in blues with a flat 3 and 6. |
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| Type of chamber music Jazz with a Frontline, Rhythm Section. |
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| International Composers Guild |
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| Formed in an effort to nurture American ultra-modernism in a world where concerts where dominated by European music. |
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| Schoenberg's Treatise on Harmony |
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| Schoenberg wrote this. It discussed new areas of music that were not considered "traditional." |
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| The publication written by Cowell that promoted composers involved with modernism and ultra-modernism. |
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| Age of social excess(decadence). |
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| A technique used by Ives where the melody would be in one key, while the rhythms would be played in another key. |
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| A term for music that avoids establishing a tonal center. |
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| Concentration of political power in a very small ruling elite. Examples: Russian, Germany, Italy. |
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| Any music that Hitler/Nazi's did not feel promoted their "superior" race. |
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| Union of Soviet Composers |
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| Group that was formed after Stalin came to power. Focused on making simple music that portrayed social realism in a positive light and showed progress in Russia. |
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| Diegetic Music vs. Nondiegetic Music |
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| Associated with film music. Music meant to be heard or performed by the characters, and music that helps convey mood to the viewer. |
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| A technique used in modernist works where the pitches are approximated in a speech-like manner by the singer. |
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| Singer and five performers to play nine different instruments. Unique instrumentation. |
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| Religious songs of southern slaves that were passed down orally. They were incorporated into the music of composers. |
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| Schoenberg and his students, Webern/Berg, who's music and teachings moved towards the idea of atonality. |
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| Used in Berg's piece, Wozzeck, to indicate the rhythmic segment that represented Wozzeck's guilt. |
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| Riots as a result of the nontraditional "primitive"/harsh music in the Rite of Spring. |
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| Brought to light by Thomas Edison in 1877, which influenced music. |
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| Decorating a melody on the spot. |
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| The general "slang" term given to Hungarian music. |
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| The term given vocal songs of the Hungarian nobility |
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| The term given to Hungarian instrumental music. |
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| The term given to vocal songs of the Hungarian peasants. |
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| New England Transcendentalism |
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| The idea that a person can become educated by doing as opposed to getting formal training. |
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| Contains the twelve pitch classes used in the twelve-tone method in different arrangements. |
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