Term
| Adam de la Halle 1240-1288 |
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Definition
• Was a trouéver (French) wrote Jeu de Robin er de Marion
It was a musical play
-It’s a rondeau a dance song
-ABaabAB
-AAB |
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Term
| Bernart de Ventadorm 1130-1200 |
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Definition
• Troubadour who was born to servants at court
• Wrote Can vei la lauzeta mover
-Fine amour
• Refined love
• A women who is already married
• Loved from afar |
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Term
| Hilldegard of Bingen 1098-1179 |
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Definition
• Age eight was consecrated to church
• Wrote religious poems and prose
• 1140’s set poems to music
• Wrote syllabic hymns to melismatic responses
• Had large range
• Most famous work is Ordo virtutum
-Had women characters |
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Term
| Francesco Landini 1325-1397 |
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Definition
• Italian composed ballate
-Composed 140 balltaes
• Famous for cadence
• Uses 6ths and 3rds a lot |
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Term
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Definition
• Was mentioned by Anonymos IV as one of the first composers of polyphony at Notre Dame
• Was a cannon, priest, a poet
• Wrote a paraphrase of eight books of bible
• Wrote organum
• His works were not fixed so many interpretations |
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Term
| Guillaume de Machaut 1300-1377 |
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Definition
• French introduced ars nova
• 140 works
• Wrote isorythmic masses
- wrote Messe de Nostre Dame
• Also carried out trove’re tradition in monophonic songs
-Foy poter |
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Term
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Definition
• Composed organum triplum and quadruplum
o Viderunt omnes
• Could have been written by him and colleagues but because anonymous IV gave him credit we do to |
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Term
| Petrus de Cruce 1270-1300 |
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Definition
• Progressed Franconian motet
• Tenor moves in dotted half notes while duplum moves quickly
o DIFFERENT BECAUSE tripulum moves much quicker than duplum or tenor |
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Term
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Definition
• Earliest ars nova composer
• The motets were isorhythmic |
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Term
| Walter von der Vogelweide |
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Definition
• Was a German Minnesinger
• Wrote famous crusade song- Palässtinalied In Bar form |
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Term
| Guillaume Du Fay 1397-1474 |
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Definition
• Most famous composer of his time
• Traveled to France, Italy, England and Burgundian
-Absorbed many of their traits
• Wrote chansons
-Can see French ballad form aabC
-Italy- smooth vocal melodies
• Ballade Se la face ay pale
-English- uses of thirds of sixths
-Leaps around a lot
• Also was inspired by the English Faburden and made fauxbourdon-write cantus and cantratenor (improvise tenor) |
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Term
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Definition
• English composer first half of 15th century
• Wrote isorythmic motets, mass ordinary sections, settings of chant, free setting of liturgical texts and secular song
• One of first to use paraphrase mass (take section of old chant and write upper parts)
-Contenance angloise
• Uses many 3rds and 6ths |
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Term
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Definition
• Prince of Venice
• Killed his wife
• Wrote Madrigals and used lots of chromatic notes |
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Term
| Josquin des Prez 1450-1521 |
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Definition
• Trained in France spent much of his career in Italy
• Was extremely famous during and after his life
• Wrote 50+ motets
-Used transparent textures, imitation, homophony and declaration of text
• Test depiction-using musical gestures to reinforce the images in the text
• Text expression-music reflects emotions of text
-ONE OF THE FIRST TO USE IT
• Masses
-All voices sing cantus firmus- Imitation mass
-Also he drastically changes the chant and then uses in mass-Paraphrase mass
• Chansons
-Non formes fixes and all parts are more even (no chant to build off of) |
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Term
| Orlande de Lassus 1532-1594 |
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Definition
• Leading Franco-Flemish composer in Germany
• Ranks with Palestrina as top sacred composer BUT he also wrote secular music
• Wrote 57 masses wrote 700+ motets
-Uses text expression “when I was a child” in Cum essem parvulus
• Used echoes a lot
• Was extermly influential to German protestant composers |
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Term
| Jean de Ockeghem 1420-1497 |
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Definition
• Progressed the chanson France
-Longer-breathed melodies, increase of imitation, greater equality between the voices, and more duple meter
-Mark transition between old counterpoint(cantus and tenor are more important than other voices) to new counterpoint(more equality between voices)
• Masses (new achievements)
-Greater range in the voices
-Greater changes in the cantus firmus are made
-Uses the cannon |
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Term
| Giovanni Pierlugi Da Palestrina 1525/26-1594) |
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Definition
• Leading catholic Italian composer of his time
• Uses six voices
• Was poster child for catholic counter reformation
• Wrote 104 mases
-51 imitation masses from polyphonic models
-34 paraphrase masses
-8 use cantus firmus melodies
-6 are free masses
• Style includes use of cambiata- jumps from dissonance to consonance
• Recovered Leap- When leap step in opposite direction
• Dissonance on strong beat needs to be prepared with consonance on beat before (needs to be of equal length) |
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Term
| Giovanni Pierlugi Da Palestrina 1525/26-1594) |
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Definition
• Leading catholic Italian composer of his time
• Uses six voices
• Was poster child for catholic counter reformation
• Wrote 104 mases
-51 imitation masses from polyphonic models
-34 paraphrase masses
-8 use cantus firmus melodies
-6 are free masses
• Style includes use of cambiata- jumps from dissonance to consonance
• Recovered Leap- When leap step in opposite direction
• Dissonance on strong beat needs to be prepared with consonance on beat before (needs to be of equal length) |
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