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Music History Placement Exam
Hope to pass
82
Music
Undergraduate 1
05/20/2008

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Baroque Time Period
Definition

1600-1750

Term
Classical Time Period
Definition
1750-1820
Term
Romantic Time Period
Definition
1820-1900
Term
Baroque Composers
Definition

Monteverdi

Purcell

Corelli

Bach

Vivaldi

Handel

Term
Classical Composers
Definition

Haydn

Mozart

Beethoven

Term
Romantic Composers
Definition

Basically everybody else

Weber

Rossini

Schubert

Mendelssohn

Chopin

Schumann

Liszt

Wagner

Franck

Smetana

Brahms

Tchaikovsky

Dvorak

Sousa

Puccini

Mahler

Strauss

Term
Twentieth Century Composers
Definition

Debussy

Schoenberg

Ravel

Bartok

Stravinsky

Prokofiev

Hindemith

Gershwin

Copland

Shostakovich

Penderecki

Term
Voices
Definition

Soprano

(Mezzosoprano)

Alto

Tenor

(Baritone)

Bass

Term
Monophonic Texture
Definition
Unaccompanied melody
Term
Homophonic Texture
Definition
Accompanied melody
Term
Polyphonic Texture
Definition
Many melodies (like a symphony)
Term
Motet
Definition
Polyphonic choral piece in sacred Latin
Term
Aria
Definition

(emotional) Solo voice w/ orchestral accompaniment

In operas, oratorios, and cantatas

Term
Arioso
Definition
Vocal solo more lyrical than a recitative and less elaborate than an aria.
Term
Art Song
Definition
Translating poems into song
Term
Augmentation
Definition
Lenghthening of fugue subject
Term
Impressionism
Definition

France

Debussy

Stresses tone color, atmosphere, fluidity

Term
Ballata
Definition

Medieval Italy

A BB AA

Term
Ballett
Definition

Dancelike vocal homophonic

fa-la

Renaisssance England

Term

Basso Ostinato

(Ground Bass)

Definition

Bass idea consistent while melody changes

Baroque

Term
Camerata
Definition

Italian fellowship, began in 1575

Set foundation for the start of opera

Term
Blues
Definition

Flat notes in scale

Vocal blues have form A A' B

Term

Bridge

(Transition)

Definition
In Sonata form, transition section between exposition and development
Term
Cantata
Definition

For chorus, vocal soloists, and instrumental ensemble

Several movements

Term
Chance (aleatory) Music
Definition

The stupidest, most disgusting songs composed by pure randomness

Idiot developer: John Cage in the 1950s

Term
Chorale
Definition
Religious German hymn
Term
Church Modes
Definition

Medieval

Renaissance

20th Century

Term
Concert Overture
Definition

Single movement orchestra piece

Sonata form

Romantic

Term
Concerto Grosso
Definition

Several soloists

Baroque

Term
Diminution
Definition
Shortening of fugue subject
Term
Episode
Definition
Transitional section in a fugue
Term
Etude
Definition

French for "study"

Pieces to master techniques

Term
Exposition
Definition
First part of sonata-form movement
Term
Expressionism
Definition

German, Austrian

20th Century

Emotion and dissonance

Term
Gregorian Chant
Definition

Unaccompanied

Sacred Latin

Official music of Roman Catholic Church

Term
Heterophonic Texture
Definition

2 or more persons playing same basic melody but w/ different ornamentation or rhythm

Term
Idee Fixe
Definition
Theme shared between movements
Term
Imitation
Definition
Melodic idea repeated by another player (like a round)
Term
Incidental Music
Definition

During a play

Sets the mood 

Term
Inversion
Definition
Backwards fugue
Term
Leitmotif
Definition

Musical idea associated with a noun

Wagner operas 

Term
Libretto
Definition
Opera text
Term
Madrigal
Definition

For several voices

Short secular poem

Word painting 

Renaissance 

Term
Mass
Definition

Sacred choral piece

Made up of 5 sections 

Term
Microtone
Definition
Smaller than half step
Term
Minimalist Music
Definition

Trancelike, unchanging

1960s 

Term
Minuet and Trio
Definition

A B A

Minuet Trio Minuet 

Term
Strophic Form
Definition

Vocal

Same music for each stansa of a poem 

Term
Modified Strophic Form
Definition

Some stanzas have same music, while some stanzas have new music

Romantic 

Term
Modulation
Definition
Key change in a song
Term
Nationalism
Definition
Romantic Period
Term
Neoclassicism
Definition

1920-1950

Imitation of 18th Century Music 

Term
New Orleans (Dixieland) Jazz
Definition
Improv w/ rhythm section
Term
Oratorio
Definition

Messiah

Term
Ostinato
Definition
Phrase repeated at same pitch
Term
Pedal Point
Definition

1 tone usu. in bass

Held while other voices change

In Fugues 

Term
Pentatonic Scale
Definition
5-tone scale in folk music and far East
Term
Polonaise
Definition
Triple meter, Polish court dance
Term
Raga
Definition
Indian improv
Term
Ragtime
Definition
Early 20th Century
Term
Recapitulation
Definition
3rd section of sonata in Tonic Key
Term
Reqium
Definition
Mass for the dead
Term
Retrograde
Definition
Reverse of fugue: last note first
Term
Ricercar
Definition
Renaissance imitation
Term
Ritornello
Definition
Repeated section of music
Term
Romance
Definition

Short piano/piano accompaniment piece

19th Century 

Term
Rondo
Definition

A B A C A

Typical of final movements 

Term
Rubato
Definition
Bending tempo
Term
Scherzo
Definition

A B A

Typical 3rd movement in triple meter 

Term
Sequence
Definition
Immediate repetition in a different pitch
Term
Serialism
Definition

Mid-20th Century

Ordered group of musical elements 

Term
Sonata Form
Definition

Single movement:

Exposition, Development, Recapitulation

A B A 

Term
Sonata-Rondo
Definition
A B A - Development - A B A
Term
Sprechstimme
Definition

Speech-voice

Schoenberg 

Term
Stretto
Definition

In Fugue:

Subject imitated before finished 

Term
Strophic Form
Definition
Same music repeated for each stanza
Term
Suite
Definition
Same key but different everything else
Term
Symphony
Definition
4 Mvmnts
Term

Tone Row

Set

Series 

Definition
Particular ordering of 12 tones.
Term
12-tone System
Definition
Developed by Schoenberg, early 1920s
Term
Venetian School
Definition

16th - 17th Century composers, wrote for several choruses

St. Mark's Cathedral 

Term
Whole-tone Scale
Definition

Six tones each a whole step away from the next

Debussey 

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