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Music as Culture Arab/Africa
Quiz 2
42
Music
Undergraduate 1
02/21/2013

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Cards

Term
Qur'an
Definition
Muslim holy book; words of God recorded by the prophet Muhammed
Term
mosque
Definition
Muslim house of worship
Term
minaret
Definition
Tower connected to the mosque from which the muezzin recites the azan
Term
muezzin
Definition
Musical specialist who sings the azan from the minaret to call Muslims to prayer
Term
azan
Definition
A musical call to prayer performed by the muezzin from the minaret
Term
maq'am
Definition
A mode system used to compose music or improvise a taqasim
Term
taqasim
Definition
An improvisational section, may be solo or accompanied by ostinato
Term
heterophonic texture/idiomatic heterophony
Definition
Different instruments playing a melody differently
Term
iqa'/additive meter
Definition
Like a tala from India, a specific rhythmic pattern, such as the Sama'i (10/8) or 8-beat Palestinian folk meter.
Term
sama'i
Definition
10/8 iq'a from Classical Arab music with grouping 3+2+2+3
Term
ostinato
Definition
Repetitive accompaniment pattern
Term
tarab
Definition
Ecstasy or enchantment from performance; good rapport with audience
Term
tutti
Definition
In concerto grosso, a part wherein the whole orchestra participates
Term
rondo/concerto grosso
Definition
Form comparable to takht in M.E. culture because full composition alternating with a concertino part is a lot like the composition alternating with taqasim sections
Term
daff
Definition
Arab tambourine-like frame drum
Term
dumbek
Definition
Goblet-shaped drum
Term
santur
Definition
Trapezoidal zither, ancestor of piano in that it is hammered
Term
qanun
Definition
Trapezoidal zither, ancestor of harpsichord in that it's plucked
Term
rebab
Definition
North African contemporary ancestor of rebec/guitar/violin family
Term
'ud
Definition
Short-necked lute (solos; ancestor of Western lute)
Term
buzuq
Definition
Long-necked lute (accompaniment; ancestor of cello)
Term
nay
Definition
End-blown flute
Term
Sufi
Definition
Muslim mystic who likes to gain union with Allah through song and dance which often lead to possession, similar to Christian Penetecostal tradition
Term
Haj
Definition
Required pilgrimage to Mecca
Term
Kaaba
Definition
Big holy boxy building around which the most holy mosque is build in Mecca. Muslims perform the tawaf by circumambulating the Kaaba 7 times.
Term
quadrivium
Definition
Four great subjects which were core to the Greeks: music, math, astronomy, and geometry. Arabs translated the Greek texts
Term
Ottoman Empire
Definition
Conquered Arabs, ruled from 15th century to the 19th century. They had a massive, multilingual empire controlling much of southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa. Their musical legacy was the basis for classical tradition.
Term
Anadalusian legacy
Definition
The Arabs invade Spain in 711 AD to trigger the spread of Muslim influence across North Africa, Central Asia, parts of Southeast Asia; creative exchange between Arab and Western world
Term
kaleidophonic
Definition
a trait of music which, if you change your focus, could be heard in different meters
Term
tonal language
Definition
a language whose word meanings are affected by pitch, including Bantu language family
Term
speech playing
Definition
musical signals with verbal linguistic signification, i.e. talking drums
Term
hocket
Definition
interlocking of parts such that one plays while the other rests and the melody is shared
Term
hunter-gathers
Definition
member of a society in which the food and supplies are foraged from wild plants and animals
Term
mbira
Definition
also known as a "thumb piano," consisting of a wooden board to which staggered metal keys have been attached, often also including a resonator
Term
bira
Definition
an all-night Shona ritual in which members of an extended family call on ancestral spirits for guidance and intercession; music on mbira, hosho rattle, and clapping accompany song and dance
Term
anthropomorphic
Definition
giving inanimate things human characteristics
Term
mother drum
Definition
The lowest drum in an ensemble, played by the master drummer with considerably more freedom and flexibility than the other drummers enjoy
Term
master drummer
Definition
The music specialist who undergoes long training to play the master drum and understand the complicated communication with dancers, among other things
Term
acculturation
Definition
the process by which cultures influence each other
Term
syncretism
Definition
acculturation through shared traits between cultures
Term
Afro-pop
Definition
music which borrows from North and Latin American pop styles and traditional African features
Term
nationalism vs. tribalism
Definition
Styles which are sort of pan-Zimbabwean, for example, instead of Shona-specific; Afro-pop is an example of a national style
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