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Music Appretiation Exam 1
wcji
53
Fine Art
Undergraduate 1
09/14/2013

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Term
Music
Definition
The art of sound and time
Term
Accent
Definition
Emphasizes some beats than others
Term
Syncopation
Definition
displaced accent in a (foreground) rhythm away from the normal beat pattern of the (background) meter
Term
Meter
Definition
Reoccurring pattern of strong/weak beats
Term
Tempo
Definition
Speed of music
rate at which beats follow one another
Term
Dynamics
Definition
-The level of sound strength vibrations
-It is a gradual change from soft to loud
Term
Tone color/Timbre
Definition
The quality of sound,a mixture of the timbre and partial(fractional vibrations) mak an overtone. The mix of overtones give a clear tone
Term
Pitch
Definition
rate of sound vibrations
Term
Dynamic symbols and order
Definition
pp-pianissimo p-piano f-forte ff-fortissimo m-mezzo
Term
Chromatic Scale
Definition
Black and white keys
symmetrical and has ALL half steps
adds 5 more pitches to original 7=12
flats and sharps between notes
Term
Diatonic
Definition
Just white keys
Half and whole steps and non-symmetrical
7 pitches
8th is duplicated and starts a new octave
Term
Motive
Definition
distinctive fragment of a melody
short and identifiable
Term
Cadence
Definition
rest/stop/pause in music
Term
Chord
Definition
Group of simultaneous pitches sounded together
Term
Consonnace
Definition
sounds at rest
Term
Dissonance
Definition
sounds tense
Term
modulation
Definition
To change from one key to another-major to minor
Term
4 Basic Instrument Groups
Definition
string,woodwinds,brass, and percussion
Term
3 Music Textures
Definition
Monophony,Homophony,Polyphony
Term
Monophony
Definition
Unaccompanied single melody line
Term
Homophony
Definition
1 main melody with combined other sounds
Term
Polyphony
Definition
2 or more melodies played at same time
-automatically has harmony
Term
Counterpoint
Definition
Two or more melodies that fit together
The multiple melodies create chords that become a harmony
Term
Form
Definition
Shape,arrangement,relationship or organization of various elements
Term
Two factors that determine form
Definition
repetition and contrast
Term
Three things that determine genre
Definition
-text (language ect)
-function(entertainment,teaching)
-performing force (acapella)
Term
Plainchant (gregorian chant)
Definition
group of melodies sang together to sing sacred text throughout the year
Term
Organum
Definition
Earliest type-traditional plainchant melody with added melodies (counterpoint)
Term
Characteristics of Plainchant
Definition
-no meter
-monophonic-unaccompanied
-latin
-medieval mode
Term
Who/What dominated western music?
Definition
-tune and polyphony
-determined by Christian Church
-composers-hold order
Term
2 composers from Notre Dame in 1200
Definition
Leonin and Perotin
Term
4 Medieval Modes
Definition
-Dorian(D)
-Phrygian (E)
-Lydian(F)
-Mixolydian(G)
Term
What is the Ars Nova Period?
Definition
-New Art
-Polyphony became sophisticated
-Main Change:RHYTHM
Term
Medieval Polyphonic Motet
Definition
-initially sared=love poems
-organum with upper lines give own words
-bottom line is original chant
Term
Paraphrase
Definition
Embellished chants with extra notes/graceful sounds
Term
Texture of early Renaissance
Definition
-plainchant-polyphonic
-early homophony=rich chordal quality
Term
5 sections of mass
Definition
-Kyrie
-Gloria
-Credo
-Sanctus
-Agnus Dei
Term
1st master of High Rennaisance
Definition
Josquin Desprez
Term
Tone Color of high renaissance period
Definition
a capella
Term
Word Painting
Definition
match music to meaning of word
Term
Most advanced form in late Renaissance music
Definition
Madrigal
Term
Why were composers attracted to the Renaissance motet for composition?
Definition
It allowed them with new words to express and convey religious messages in their music
Term
Florentine Camerate-invented and reacted against?
Definition
Against-madrigalists word painting and counterpoint
-preferred homophony
-Recitative:declaiming words musically in a theatrical style
-half music/recitation
Term
2 important composers in Venice 1600
Definition
Giovanni Gabrieli
Term
Baroque
Definition
Irregular shaped pearl
Term
Dates of Baroque Period
Definition
1600-1750
Term
Opera
Definition
drama presented in music
characters sing instead of speak
Term
Basso Continuo
Definition
bass plays single short figure many time-same line
-upper voices improvise over a steady bass line
Term
Recitative
Definition
-"recitation"
-follow rhythms of speech
-dramatic dialogue
-words heard clearly
-harpsichord accompaniment
-plot progression
Term
Aria
Definition
-extended piece for solo singer
-musical elaboration-singer can show off
-orchestra accompaniment
-no plot progression
Term
The foremost organ virtuoso of the 17th century
Definition
Girolamo Frescobaldi
Term
the first composer that was attacked for his music being too radical
Definition
Claudio Monteverdi
Term
Stylized Dance
Definition
style of dance music but for listening
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