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Music 101 Test 6
Chapters 30-39
58
Music
Undergraduate 2
05/04/2013

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Term
Avant-garde
Definition
Very current, modern, and experimental.
Term
Impressionism
Definition
A late nineteenth-century artistic movement that sought to capture the visual impression rather than the literal reality of a subject.
Term
Expressionism
Definition
An artistic school of the early twentieth century that attempted to represent the psychological and emotional experience of modern humanity.
Term
Neoclassicism
Definition
In music of the early twentieth century, the philosophy that musical composition should be approached with objectivity and restraint.
Term
Ethnomusicologist
Definition
The scientific study of music, especially traditional or non-Western music, as an aspect of culture.
Term
Atonality
Definition
Lacking a recognizable tonal center or tonic.
Term
Serialism
Definition
12 tone
Term
12-tone row
Definition
A system of composition developed by Schoenberg that consists of arranging the twelve pitches of the chromatic scale in a particular order
Term
Sprechstimme
Definition
Literally, “speech voice.” A vocal technique in which a pitch is half sung, half spoken. Developed by Schoenberg.
Term
Ragtime
Definition
A composed music of the 1890s, usually for piano.
Term
Blues
Definition
A lamenting, melancholy song characterized by a three-line lyrical pattern in AAB form, a twelve-bar harmonic progression.
Term
Dixieland
Definition
A jazz style based on the original hot jazz from New Orleans.
Term
Big Band Swing
Definition
Innovated by Duke Ellington.
Term
Bebop
Definition
A jazz style that emphasizes small ensembles playing very active and complex music.
Term
Impovisation
Definition
The practice of making up music and performing it on the spot without first having written it down.
Term
Fusion
Definition
A style of jazz developed in the late 1960s that has been influenced by rock music through the inclusion of amplified instruments, short riffs and even beat subdivisions.
Term
Musical Theatre
Definition
A form of theatre that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.
Term
Musique concrete
Definition
A musical style originating in France about 1948; its technique consists of recording natural or “concrete” sounds, altering the sounds by various electronic means, and then combining them into organized pieces.
Term
Aleatoric music
Definition
Music in which some aspect is decided by performers or someone else other than the composer, guaranteeing that every performance of the work will be different from any other performance.
Term
Minimalism
Definition
A late-twentieth-century movement that seeks to return music to its simplest, most basic elements. It is characterized by a very steady beat and gradually changing repeating figures.
Term
Characteristics of 20th Century Music
Definition
Melody was more angular and disjunctive. Rhythm became more complex and dominant (changing meter, complex time signatures).
Term
Characteristics of 20th Century Music
Definition
Harmony was more dissonant. Dissonance did not have to resolve to consonance.
Term
Characteristics of 20th Century Music
Definition
Form was free or loosely defined. Art music ("classical music") and popular music diverged widely.
Term
Characteristics of 20th Century Music
Definition
Electronics changed the sound of music (electric bass, guitar, organ, and keyboard).
Term
Characteristics of 20th Century Music
Definition
Recorded music became easily available (records, cassettes, CD's).
Term
Characteristics of 20th Century Music
Definition
Computer technology made music available in toys, games, keyboards, etc. American popular music became dominant throughout the world (jazz, rock, R&B, rap, musical theatre).
Term
Claude Debussy
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun (Prelude a L'apres-midi d'un faune).
Term
Igor Stravinsky
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
The Rite of Spring (Le sacre du printemps).
Term
Arnold Schönberg
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Pierrot Lunaire.
Term
Stephen Foster
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Oh, Susannah!
Term
John Philip Sousa
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Stars and Stripes Forever.
Term
Aaron Copland
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Fanfare for the Common Man.
Term
Scott Joplin
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Maple Leaf Rag.
Term
Richard Rodgers
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
The Sound of Music.
Term
Leonard Bernstein
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
West Side Story.
Term
Andrew Lloyd Webber
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
The Phantom of the Opera.
Term
John Williams
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Star Wars.
Term
George Gershwin
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Rhapsody in Blue.
Term
George Gershwin
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
Porgy and Bess.
Term
John Cage
Definition
Name the composer of this piece:
4'33".
Term
Claude Debussy
Definition
French impressionist.
Term
Igor Stravinsky
Definition
Caused a riot with primitivism in his Russian ballet; Neoclassical in later works.
Term
Arnold Schoenberg
Definition
German expressionism; 12-tone row; serialism.
Term
Bela Bartok
Definition
Hungarian ethnomusicologist and music educator.
Term
Stephen Foster
Definition
Writer of popular American songs in the mid-1800's.
Term
John Philip Sousa
Definition
Composer and conductor of American marching band music.
Term
William Grant Still
Definition
Dean of African-American composers in the 1800's.
Term
Charles Ives
Definition
First significant American composer; influenced by New England heritage.
Term
George Gershwin
Definition
Successfully integrated jazz into classical music in the early 20th century.
Term
Aaron Copland
Definition
Beloved 20th century American nationalist composer noted for his ballets.
Term
Scott Joplin
Definition
Most important ragtime composer.
Term
Louis Armstrong
Definition
First great jazz innovator; Dixieland; blues; played cornet.
Term
Duke Ellington
Definition
Most significant Big Band swing innovator; played piano.
Term
Rodgers and Hammerstein
Definition
Team who changed the course of musical theatre in America in the mid-1900's (Oklahoma, South Pacific, The Sound of Music).
Term
Andrew Lloyd Webber
Definition
Famous British composer of musicals (Cats, Phantom of the Opera).
Term
Leonard Bernstein
Definition
Famous 20th century composer, conductor, TV personality.
Term
John Cage
Definition
Father of aleatoric (chance) music.
Term
John Williams
Definition
Best known composer of American movie music (Star Wars, Superman, Indiana Jones).
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