Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Music 100
Music 100 for Grand Valley State University
80
Music
Undergraduate 1
04/27/2011

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Crescendo
Definition
getting louder
Term
Decrescendo
Definition
getting quieter
Term
syncopation
Definition
accenting certain beats in the meter that are orriginally unaccented, used in jazz a lot
Term
Tempo
Definition
the speed of the music
Term
accelerando
Definition
getting faster
Term
ritardando
Definition
getting slower
Term
scale
Definition
ordered pitches that provide the pitch material for the music
Term
diatonic
Definition
7 pitch scale represented by only the white keys on the piano
Term
chromatic
Definition
12 pitch scale that are represented by all of the black and white keys from C to C
Term
melody
Definition
the succession of pitches in a piece
Term
harmony
Definition
the vertical aspect of music, multiple chords being played at the same time
Term
phrase
Definition
a certain section of a melody
Term
cadence
Definition
a note or chord with the feeling of conclusiveness to the piece
Term
motive
Definition
a short fragment that is distinct and recognizable in a longer piece such as a symphony and is broght back many times throughout
Term
theme
Definition
the basic subject matter of a piece of work, it can be a phrase, a short motive or a full tune
Term
consonance
Definition
stabe sounding chord progressions
Term
dissonance
Definition
opposite of consonance- unstable and tense chord progressions
Term
tonality
Definition
the feeling of centrality of one note to a passage of music
Term
key
Definition
one of 12 positions in the major or minor mode made possible using all of the notes of the chromatic scale
Term
modulation
Definition
the changing of a key within the piece
Term
genre
Definition
type of music determined by the type of instruments used, number/sounds of voices, form, style, or purpose
Term
style
Definition
the combination of qualities that make a period of art, composer, or a group of works distictive
Term
plainchant
Definition
official music of the catholic church in the middle ages, using just voice- also known as Gregorian Chant
Term
mass
Definition
the music written for a roman catholic service-5 sections: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei
Term
monophony/monophonic
Definition
a piece with a single melody- plainchant
Term
polyphony/polyphonic
Definition
musical texture in which two or more melodic lines are played or sung simultaneously as opposed to a single melody
Term
homophony/homophonic
Definition
a musical texture involving one main melody but accompanied by chords or other subsidary sounds
Term
ars nova
Definition
"new art" or "new technique" new polyphonic music of the 14th century
Term
organum
Definition
the earliest genre of medieval polyphony, a plain chant melody accompanied by an organ
Term
word painting
Definition
matching the music to the meaning of the word heaven=twinkling or a rise in the music etc
Term
declaimation
Definition
making the words clearly heard, words are sung to rhythms that approximated normal speech
Term
motet
Definition
a sacred poem in Latin or French, later became love poems or political satires
Term
baroque
Definition
music from the period of aprox. 1600-1750- used excess and extravagance
Term
basso continuo
Definition
a set of chords continuously underlying the melody in a piece of baroque music- usually a harpsichord, organ, or cello
Term
functional harmony
Definition
one chord following another in a newly predictable and purposeful way, used to organize large scale pieces
Term
opera seria
Definition
a drama presented in music with the characters singing instead of speaking- the most characteristic art form of the Baroque period
Term
recitative
Definition
used in the opera to move the action along, usually a conversation, less music
Term
aria
Definition
an extended piece for a solo singer in an opera, more like a song, expresses emotion
Term
virtuosity/virtuoso
Definition
a person who is excellent/above others in their skill set for a certain musical instrument
Term
age of absoutism
Definition
what historians called the Baroque period, the time of belief in the devine right of king, the king's rule was absoute because they were chosen by God. Most powerful Louis XIV of France
Term
Age of Science
Definition
what scientists called the Baroque period, calculus was invented , Newton's laws, and discoveries with telescopes and microscopes
Term
ornamentation
Definition
highly prized skill of opera singers and other musicians, improvising extra melodic notes at the end of a phrase
Term
concerto/concerto grosso
Definition
most important genre in the Baroque period, a large composition for an orchestra and a solost or multiple soloists (concerto grosso)
Term
movement(s)
Definition
a self contained section of a larger piece, like a symphony or in a mass
Term
ritornello/episode
Definition
the name for the orchestral music that typically starts the movement off. Contrast between two musical ideas, one belonging to the orchestra and the other to the soloist(s)
Term
fugue
Definition
systematized imitative polyphony, a polyphonic composition for a fixed number of instrumental lines or voices- usually three or four- built on a single principle or theme
Term
subject/episode
Definition
i a fugue the subject appears again and again in each of the instrumental or vocal lines
Term
fugal exposition
Definition
the beginning of the fugue in which all the voices present the subject in an orderly standardized way
Term
symphony
Definition
a large orchestral work with several movements
Term
sonata form
Definition
exposition (A)/development (B)/recapitulation (A), the opening in every symphony is in sonata form
Term
exposition
Definition
main theme, the bridge or transition, second group (second theme with the cadence theme) changes key at some point
Term
development
Definition
various themes are developed and then a retransition into the recapitulation
Term
recapitulation
Definition
first theme, second theme, cadence theme (similar to the exposition but does not change key
Term
chamber music
Definition
music designed to be played in a small room or hall, played by 2-9 players such as string quartets or piano trios
Term
string quartet
Definition
a genre for 4 instruments- 2 violins, a viola and a cello
Term
opera buffa
Definition
comedy opera- Don Giovanni written by Mozart
Term
lied/lieder
Definition
a German song from the romantic time period, nearly always accompanied by a piano alone, usually a romantic poem
Term
character piece
Definition
short romantic piano piece, each portrays some definite mood or character
Term
rubato
Definition
robbed time, the free treatment of meter in performance of a piece
Term
chromaticism
Definition
a style that employs all 12 notes of the chromatic scale- all romantic composers pursued chromaticism to some extent- able to express a larger range of harmonies and melodies
Term
gesamkunstwerk
Definition
wagner's term for his musical dramas "total work of art"
Term
program music
Definition
non-vocal music written in association with a poem, a story, or some other literary source
Term
program symphony
Definition
symphony with a story
Term
thematic transformation
Definition
the varition-like procedure in romantic music where short themes are freely varied at relatively wide and unpredictable interval of time
Term
miniatures
Definition
pieces lasting only a few minutes, mostly songs and short piano pieces designed to portray a particular emotion
Term
strophic
Definition
type of lied in which all of the stanzas are set to the same music
Term
through-composed
Definition
type of lied in which each stanza had new music
Term
idee fixe
Definition
" fixed idea" the term coined by Berlioz for a recurring theme used in all the movements of one of his program symphonies
Term
leitmotive
Definition
a musical motive associated with some person, thing, idea, or symbol in the drama, used in Wagner's pieces to guide the listeners through the story
Term
nationalism
Definition
people became more aware of their national character and began to prize their distinctive artistic heritages more and more, incorporates national folk music into concerts, songs, opera, etc
Term
avant-garde
Definition
a term embraced by radical artists and intellectuals to represent their activity "in the most advanced style"
Term
modernism
Definition
a movement in the arts towards radical experimentation, anti-traditionalism
Term
expressionism
Definition
expressed the most extreme human feeling by divorcing art from everyday literalness (very extreme)
Term
impressionism
Definition
artists called themselves "realists" works of art were much more down to earth and not over emotional like the art of the romantic period
Term
atonality
Definition
the absence of any tonality music reached a point in the modern era where not tonal center could be detected
Term
emancipation of the dissonance
Definition
freedom to have dissonance without having consonance following right after, having a feeling of being unresolved
Term
serialism
Definition
a method created by Schoenburg for composing with the twelve tones solely in relation to one another, not at all in relation to a central pitch
Term
sprechstimme
Definition
a vocal style developed by Schoenberg in between speaking and singing
Term
musique concrete
Definition
electronic music- sounds of life incorporated into compositions using actual sound as contrasted with abstract products of electronic sound generators
Term
minimalism
Definition
a response to modernism- a style involving many repetitions of simple musical fragments
Supporting users have an ad free experience!