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Music 100 Grant MacEwan
Fundamentals Vocabulary
38
Music
Undergraduate 1
09/21/2009

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Term
Melody
Definition
An organized series of pitches
Term

Tune

Melody

Definition
A simple, easily singable, catchy melody is a _______. It is a special kind of _________.
Term

1. Division into phrases - Tunes fall into smaller sections called phrases.

2. Balance b/t phrases - For a good tune, the main requirement is that we sense a balance b/t the phrases, in terms of phrase lengths so that taken together the phrases add up to a well proportioned whole.

3. Parallelism and Contrast - Use of similar pitches, rhythm etc. throughout various phrases. Use of sequence - duplication of a phrase at 2 or more different pitches. Or via the use of contrasting phrases - length, pitch etc.

4. Climax and Cadence - = Form - beginning, middle, end. Climax - high point. Cadences - use of interim stopping or pausing places.

Definition
Name and explain the four characteristics of a Tune...
Term

Motive

Tunes and phrases

Definition
A _________ is a distinctive fragment of melody, distinctive enough that it can be easily recognized when it returns again within a long composition. They are shorter than _______ and _______.
Term

Theme

Function not the nature

Definition
_______ is the most general term for the basic subject matter of longer pieces of music. Refers to ________ not the ________ of musical material. Anything can serve as this such as a melody, phrase, motive or tone color.
Term
Accompaniments
Definition
Melodies together with other sounds i.e. a folk singer singing and playing a guitar is playing a song its accompaniment.
Term
Chords
Definition
Groupings of simultaneous pitches that work well in combination.
Term
Harmonized
Definition
A song is said to be __________ when the changing chords provide a sort of constantly shifting sound-background for the song.
Term
Harmony
Definition
the structure of music with respect to the composition and progression of chords - has to do with vertical aspect of the chords.
Term
Consonance
Definition
Chords that sound at rest
Term
Octaves
Definition
_________ are the most consonant of intervals.
Term
Dissonance aka discord.
Definition
Chords that sound tense
Term
Half Steps
Definition
______ _____ are the most dissonant of chords
Term
Consonance and dissonance depend on ________ that are sounding simultaneously to make up the chords.
Definition
Intervals
Term

Resolved

Expectation

Cadences

Definition
A dissonance is said to be ___________ when it is followed by consonance. This provides ________ within the music. ________ are useful in creating dissonance.
Term
Texture
Definition
________ is the term used to refer to the blend of various sounds and melodic lines occurring simultaneously in music.
Term

Melody

Texture

Definition
When plotting the pitch/time graph we see that ________ exists horizontally and ________ vertically.
Term
Monophony
Definition
_________ is the term for the simplest texture.
Term
Heterophony
Definition
________ is a texture in which subtly different versions of a single melody are presented simultaneously.
Term
Homophonic
Definition
When there is only one melody of real interest and it is combined with other sounds, the texture is called ___________.
Term

Polyphonic

independent and of equal interest

Harmony

Definition
When two or more melodies are played or sung simultaneously. The melodies are said to be _________ and of ________ interest. This type of music automatically has _______.
Term

Monophony

Heterophony

Homophony

Polyphony

Definition
Name the four types of textures.
Term
Contrapuntal aka Counterpoint
Definition
A word often used for polyphnic texture is ___________. Which is the technique of writing two or more ___________ that fit together.
Term

Imitative polyphony

Row row row your boat

Definition
____________ ___________ results when the various lines sounding together use the same or fairly similar melodies, with one coming shortly after another. Example?
Term

Non-imitative polyphony

Jazz music 

Definition

_____________ ___________ occurs when the melodies are essentially different from one another, yet played at the same time.

Example?

Term
Tonality and Modality
Definition
Two aspects of Harmony are?
Term

Tonality

Tonal

Tonic x2

Definition
_______ is the homing instinct that we sense in melodies. The music in question is described as _______. The home pitch is called the ______ pitch or simply _______.
Term
Modality
Definition
The term for different ways of centering the diatonic scale is _________. The different tonic pitches are said to determine the different ________ of music.
Term

Major

Minor

Definition
Music with the do or C as the tonic is in the _______ mode, music with the la or A as the tonic is in the ________ mode.
Term
Semitone
Definition
Half-Step is also known as ________.
Term

Chromatic

Keys

Definition
Thanks to the _________ scale with its 12 notes, you can construct both the major and minor modes starting at any note at all. Therefore these modes can be constructed on any pitch; these different positions for the modes are called _______.
Term
24
Definition
There is a total of ___ major and minor keys.
Term

Modulations

12 Days of Christmas "5 GOLDEN RINGS"

Definition
Changes of the tonic note are called _____________. I.e. ?
Term

Rhythm, pitch, melody

Dynamics, tone color and texture

Definition
6 Elements of form in music
Term

Form

a form

Definition
_____ referes to the organization of elements in a musical work, but _________ referes to one of many standardized formal patterns that composers have used for centuries.
Term

Genre

Form

 

Definition
Music is better defined by its ______ rather than its _____. In this way, music may be defined by its text, function, or by the performing forces.
Term
Legato
Definition
Melodious - typical of the bassoon.
Term
Fugue
Definition
A composition written symmetrically in imitative polyphony usually with a single main theme.
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