Term
| most common arthropathy among adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common sites of OA involvement |
|
Definition
DIP (Herberden's nodes)
PIP (Bouchard's nodes)
wrist
hip
knee
spine |
|
|
Term
| what joint is usually spared in OA? (3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
weight reduction
moderal physical activity
acetominophen
NSAID
intra-articular steroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
morning stiffness > 1hr for atleast 6wks
arthritis and soft tissue swelling of > 3 joints for > 6 wks
arthritis of the hand joints > 6 wks
symmetric arthritis > 6 wks
subcutaneous nodules over extensor surfaces, bony prominances, or juxta-articular regions
Rheumatoid factor at or above 95th percentile
radiologic changes suggestive of joint erosion or body decalcification |
|
|
Term
| what joint is often spared with RA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| extra-articular manifestations of RA |
|
Definition
| changes in the skin, lungs, kidneys, eyes, liver, blood system, and heart |
|
|
Term
| antibodies that are frequently positive with RA? |
|
Definition
rheumatoid factor
anti-CCP antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
consult with a rheumatologist
occupational and physical therapy
NSAIDs + DMARD (methotrexate) |
|
|
Term
| septic joint analysis WBC count |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rash illicited by scratching the skin in susceptible areas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spiking fevers, myalgias, polyarthralgia and a typical salmon pink maculopapular rash appaering in the evening and with the fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| JRA with involvement of four or fewer medium to large joints |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in JRA a + ANA test indicates a tendency for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen in joint infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agressive IV abx followed by 7-10 days of oral abx |
|
|
Term
| inflammatory arthritis wiht skin involvement usually preceding joint disease by months to years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common feature of psoriatic arthritis seen in the fingers |
|
Definition
| sausage like appearance caused by arthritis and tenosynovitis |
|
|
Term
| of the pencil in cup deformity of the proximal phalenx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| seronegative arthritis that presents with a tetrad of urethritis, conjunctivitis, oligoarthritis, and mucosal ulcers |
|
Definition
| reactive arthritis (Reiter's Syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| leading cause of nontraumatic monoarthritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| initial attack of metatarsal phlangeal joint of the great toe (podogra) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| joint analysis of gout shows |
|
Definition
| needle shaped, negatively birefringent (yellow) urate crystals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| management of gout between acute attacks |
|
Definition
| colchicine, probenecid, sulfapyrazone, allopurinol, febuxostat |
|
|
Term
| tx of gout with kidney disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intra-articular deposition of calcium pyrophosphate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| joints most commonly involved in pseudogout |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| joint analysis of pseudogout shows |
|
Definition
| rhomboid shaped calcium pyrophosphate crystals. positively birefringent (blue) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| women of childbearing age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
malar rash
discoid rash
photosensitivity
oral ulcers
arthritis
serositis
renal disease
ANA
hematologic disorders
immunologic disorders
neurologic disorders |
|
|
Term
| inflammatory disease of striated muscle affecting the proximal limbs, neck, and pharynx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high dose steroids, methotrexate, or azathioprene |
|
|
Term
| pain and stiffness n the neck, shoulder, and pelvic girdle and is accompanied by constitutional sxs (fever, fatigue, weight loss, depression) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low dose corticosteroid therapy |
|
|
Term
| small and medium artery inflammation involving the skin, kidney, peripheral nerves, muscle, and gut |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin lesions associated with polyarteritis nodosa |
|
Definition
palpable purpura
livedo reticularis |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic test for polyarteritis nodosa |
|
Definition
| vessel biopsy or angiography |
|
|
Term
| antibody suggestive of polyarteritis nodosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx of polyarteritis nodosa |
|
Definition
high dose corticosteroids
cytotoxic drugs and immunotherapy may also be used |
|
|
Term
| disease characterized by depostion of collagen in the skin, and less commonly the kidney, heart, lungs, and stomach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vasospasm of the digital arteries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antibody associated with limited scleroderma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| components of CREST syndrome |
|
Definition
Calcinosis
Raynaud's phenomenon
Esophageal dysfunction
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasias |
|
|
Term
| autoimmune disorder that destroys the salivary and lacrimal glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristic features of Sjogren's syndrome |
|
Definition
xerostomia
xerophthalmia
keratoconjunctivitis |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic test for Sjogren's syndrome |
|
Definition
| Schirmer's test with wetting of less than 5mm of filter paper placed over the lower eyelid for 5 minutes |
|
|
Term
| medication that can be used to increase saliva flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SSRI, SSNRI, TCA
pregabalin = only FDA approved drug |
|
|
Term
| inflammation of the tendon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inflammation of the enclosed tendon sheath |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inflammatory disorder of the bursa (think walled sac lined with synovial tissue) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inflammation of the bone caused by a pyogenic organism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organism in osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute hematogenous osteomyelitis most commonly affects who? where? |
|
Definition
| children in the long bones |
|
|
Term
| exogenous osteomyelitis results from what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pts with sickle cell are at increased risk for osteomyelitis from what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx of acute vs chronic osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
acute = abx x 3 wks
chronic = abx x 4wks - 24 months |
|
|
Term
| most common primary carcinomas that mets to the bone (5) |
|
Definition
| prostate, breast, lung, kidney, thyroid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC primary benign bone neoplasm of the hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common benign soft tissue masses (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC primary sarcomas of bone (3) |
|
Definition
chondrosarcoma
Ewing's sarcoma
osteosarcoma |
|
|
Term
| MC primary malignant bone tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| night pain is often associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a painful mass attached to the bone is likely to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two serum markers are elevated when bone is broken down and remodeled? |
|
Definition
alkaline phosphatase
lactate dehydrogenase |
|
|
Term
| disease of abnormal bone remodeling, characterized by decreased total boen volume, and increased susceptibility to fractures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC fracture sites in osteoperosis |
|
Definition
vertebrae
hip
distal radius |
|
|
Term
| what type of bone is primarily affected by Type 1 osteoperosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who is at high risk for type 2 osteoperosis? what bone does it affect? |
|
Definition
high risk = pts > 75 to with poor calcium absorption
affects trabecular and cortical bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
weight bearing exercise
adequate calcium, vit D, and phosphorus
smoking cessation
limited alcohol intake |
|
|
Term
| fx of the head of the 5th metacarpal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of xrays should you get to evaluate a fx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ulnar gutter split or cast - with fingers in 90 degrees of flexion |
|
|
Term
| fx of the distal radius with volar displacement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx of the distal radius with dorsal displacement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx of the distal 1/3 of radius with disruption of the DRUJ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fx of the proximal 1/3 of the ulna with dislocation of the radial head |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used to identify malingering |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| red flags with low back pain |
|
Definition
TUNA FISH
trauma
unexplained weight loss
neuro sxs
age > 50 yo
fever, malaise
IV drug use
steroids
hx of cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| w is spondylolithesis graded? |
|
Definition
Meyreding's scale
0 = 0%
1 = < 25%
2 = 25-50%
3 = 51-75%
4 = 76-99%
5 = complete |
|
|
Term
| sign of spondylolisthesis on xray |
|
Definition
| scotty dog with broken neck |
|
|
Term
| back pain with sitting, decreased with flexion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| special tests for thoracic outlet syndrome (3) |
|
Definition
adson test
roos test
halstead test |
|
|
Term
| complication of humeral fx |
|
Definition
NV compromise
radial nerve, brachial artery |
|
|
Term
| medial epicondylitis is compression of what nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| risk factors for carpal tunnel |
|
Definition
repetitive hand work
thyroid disorders
pregnancy
trauma
alcoholism
DM
gout |
|
|
Term
| paresthesia with thenar atrophy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is hemarthrosis more common with crutiate ligament tear or collateral ligament tear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| + lachmans and anterior drawer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ACL, PCL, and collateral ligament tear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mc ligament injury in the knee |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
MCL prevents what stress?
LCL prevents what stress? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are medial or lateral meniscus injruies more common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LCL injury is associated with what nerve injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| special tests used for meniscus injuries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are meniscal cysts more common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tibial plateau fractures are classified how? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what radiographs should you get for tibial plateau fx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what radiographs for patellar fx? |
|
Definition
xray
AP, Lateral, Sunrise view |
|
|
Term
| complication of tibiofemoral dislocation |
|
Definition
| pulselessness = EMERGENCY! |
|
|
Term
| inability to extend leg could be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anterior knee pain with stair climbing or prolonged sitting |
|
Definition
| patellofemoral syndrome (chondromalacia) |
|
|
Term
| special test for chondromalacia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WBC counts for knee effusion |
|
Definition
normal = < 300
inflammatory = 2-80 thousand
septic = > 80 thousand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are ottowa rules used for? |
|
Definition
| decide when to xray an ankle sprain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1 = partial tear of ant. talofibular ligament
2 = partial-complete tear of ant. talofibular ligament and partial tear of calcaneofibular ligament
3 = complete rupture of ant. talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
special test for Achilles Tendon Rupture
pt lying prone - squeeze on calf - no movement of foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain in the morning with first step |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ecchymosis and heel widening from fall or jump |
|
Definition
| calcaneous fx - get mortise and harris views |
|
|
Term
| pain between 3rd and 4th metatarsal head - severe burning pain increased with activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| squeeze around the metatarsal heads = pain |
|
|
Term
| metatarsals displaced from tarsals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dislocation of mid-tarsal (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid) joints of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oblique, comminuted fx of distal tibia that extends through the tibiotalar articular surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain and tenderness over head of 5th metatarsal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| buddy tape with stiff sole shoes |
|
|
Term
| neurogenic arthropathy - bag of bones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis - ossification of longitudinal ligaments of the spine - looks like candle wax dripping down spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor necrosis factor (TNF) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| swan neck and boutoniere deformity, Baker's cyst, hammertoe, splaying of the forefoot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lissamine Green (less painful) and Rose Bangal tests are used for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
URI + pulmonary + renal involvement
C-ANCA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of lupus mostly contained to skin (face, scalp, arms, upper chest) - tends to scar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
lupus associated with annular, circular, or papulosquamous lesions, sun exposed areas.
SSA (ro) and SSB (la) antbodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long do neonatal lupus sxs last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antibody associated with lupus nephritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
minimal change - good prognosis
mesangial - interstitium
focal proliferative - spotty glomeruli
membranous - heavy proteinuria
diffuse proliferative - aggressive |
|
|
Term
| what is usually spared in PAN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is associated with PAN? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| symmetrical proximal muscle weakness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who should get a bone mineral density test? |
|
Definition
|
|
