Term
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Definition
| Ankylosis- Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones, often caused by injury or disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Arthritis- Inflammation of a joint, often resulting in pain, swelling, and stiffness, which can be caused by aging, autoimmune disorders, or injury. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carpectomy- Surgical removal of a carpal bone, typically performed to relieve pain or improve wrist function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chondromalacia- Softening of cartilage, commonly affecting the knee and leading to pain and swelling during movement. |
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Term
| clavic/o, clavicul/o: Clavicle, collarbone |
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Definition
| Clavicectomy- Excision of the clavicle, usually performed to treat severe fractures or chronic pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Costochondritis- Inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum, causing localized chest pain that can mimic heart-related conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Craniotomy- Surgical incision into the cranium to access the brain for procedures such as tumor removal or trauma management. |
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Term
| electr/o: Electricity, electrical activity |
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Definition
| Electromyography- A diagnostic test that records the electrical activity of muscles to detect neuromuscular disorders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fasciotomy- a surgical incision into fascia to relieve tension or pressure, often used to treat compartment syndrome. |
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Term
| fibr/o: Fibrous Connective tissue |
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Definition
| Fibromyalgi- a condition characterized by widespread pain in fibrous tissues and muscles, often accompanied by fatigue and sleep disturbances. |
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Term
| kinesi/o: Movement, motion |
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Definition
| Kinesiology- the study of movement and how the body's muscles, bones, and joints work together to produce motion. |
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Term
| kyph/o: Increased convexity of the spine |
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Definition
| Kyphosis- Excessive outward curvature of the spine, leading to a hunched posture, commonly seen in older adults. |
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Term
| lamin/o: Lamina (thin, flat layer) |
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Definition
| Laminectomy- Surgical removal of a portion of the vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. |
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Term
| leiomy/o: Smooth (visceral) muscle that lines the walls of internal organs |
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Definition
| Leiomyoma- A benign tumor of smooth muscle, often found in the uterus where it is commonly found in the uterus where it is commonly referred to as a fibroid. |
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Term
| lord/o: Bent forward, increased concavity of the spine |
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Definition
| Lordosis- Excessive inward curvature of the spine, commonly affecting the lower back and sometimes leading to pain. |
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Term
| lumb/o: Loin, lumbar region of the spine |
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Definition
| Lumbodynia- Pain in the lumbar region, often caused by muscle strain, injury, or degenerative conditions. |
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Term
| mandibul/o: Mandible, lower jaw bone |
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Definition
| Mandibular- Pertaining to the mandible, the largest and the strongest bone of the fact that holds the lower teeth. |
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Term
| maxill/o: Maxilla, upper jaw bone |
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Definition
| Maxillofacial- pertaining to the maxilla and the face, often referring to surgeries or treatments involving the upper jaw and facial structures. |
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Term
| menisc/o: Meniscus, crescent |
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Definition
| Meniscectomy- Surgical removal of a meniscus, typically done to repair damage from injury or degeneration in the knee joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Myopathy- Any disease of the muscle, often resulting in weakness, pain, or dysfunction, such as in muscular dystrophy or inflammatory myopathies. |
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Term
| myel/o: Marrow (bone), spinal cord |
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Definition
| Myelitis- Inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow, which can cause neurological symptoms, weakness, or immune system dysfunction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Osteoporosis- A condition characterized by a decrease in bone density, leading to brittle bones and an increased risk of fractures, especially in the hips, spine, and wrists. |
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Term
| patell/o: Patella, kneecap |
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Definition
| Patellar- pertaining to the kneecap, a small bone that protects the knee joint and facilitates leg extension. |
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Term
| pelv/i: Pelvis, pelvic bone |
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Definition
| Pelvimetry- Measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis, often used in obstetrics to assess the feasibility of vaginal childbirth. |
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Term
| pelv/i: Pelvis, pelvic bone |
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Definition
| Pelvimetry- Measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis, often used in obstetrics to assess the feasibility of vaginal childbirth. |
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Term
| pelv/o: Pelvis, pelvic bone |
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Definition
| Pelvectomy- Surgical removal of part or all of the pelvis, typically performed to treat advanced cancers or severe trauma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Petrous- Resembling stone or pertaining to the petrous part of the temporal bone, which houses the inner ear structures. |
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Term
| Phalang/o: Bones of the fingers and toes |
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Definition
| Phalangeal- Pertaining to the bones of the fingers and toes, essential for dexterity and movement. |
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Term
| plant/o: Sole of the foot |
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Definition
| Plantar fasciitis- Inflammation of the fascia on the sole of the foot, causing heel pain and discomfort, often due to overuse or improper footwear. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pubofemoral- Pertaining to the pubis and femur, such as the pubofemoral ligament, which supports the hip joint. |
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Term
| rachi/o: Vertebral spine, vertebral column |
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Definition
| Rachialgia- Pain in the vertebral column, often caused by conditions like arthritis, herniated disc, or muscular strain. |
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Term
| rhabd/o: Rod-shaped, striated |
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Definition
| Rhabdomyolysis- A condition involving the breakdown of striated muscle fibers, leading to the release of muscle contents into the bloodstream, potentially causing kidney damage. |
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Term
| sarc/o: Flesh, connective tissue |
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Definition
| Sarcoma- A malignant tumor of connective tissue such as bone, muscle, or fat, often requiring surgical and medical treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scoliosis- Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which can cause back pain, posture issues, and in severe cases, breathing difficulties. |
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Term
| spondyl/o: Vertebra, spine, vertebral column |
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Definition
| Spondylitis- Inflammation of the vertebrae, often seen in the conditions like ankylosing spondylitis, causing stiffness and pain in the spine. |
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Term
| tars/o: Tarsals, ankle bones |
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Definition
| Tarsalgia- Pain in the ankle bones, often caused by arthritis, injury, or overuse. |
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Term
| ten/o, tendin/o, tend/o: Tendon |
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Definition
| Tenosynovitis- Inflammation of a tendon and its surrounding synovial sheath, often caused by repetitive movement or injury. |
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Term
| vertebr/o: Vertebra, spine, vertebral column |
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Definition
| Vertebral- Pertaining to a vertebra, one of the interlocking bones that make up the spinal column, providing support and protection for the spinal cord. |
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