Term
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Definition
| Stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion |
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Term
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
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Definition
| Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint |
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Term
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Definition
| Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| Effusion of blood into a joint cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching |
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Term
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Definition
| Primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| Bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord also called bone spur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists |
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Term
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Definition
| Replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity |
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Term
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Definition
| Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it |
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Term
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Definition
| Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues may cause pressure on nerve roots with subsequent pain or paresthesia in the extremities. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete |
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Term
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Definition
| To exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial or incomplete dislocation |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot |
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Term
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Definition
| Series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiographic procedures that use low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD). They are used to determine if demineralization from osteoporosis has occurred. The areas of decreased density indicate osteopenia and osteoporosis. There are two types of bone density tests, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) scan, also known as bone densitometry, and computed tomography (CT). |
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Term
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Definition
| maging technique that uses an x-ray beam and a computer to make a series of cross-sectional images of a body part, which together make up a three-dimensional view of the area scanned; formerly called computerized axial tomography (CAT) |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures by injecting a contrast medium |
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Term
| lumbosacral spinal radiography |
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Definition
| Radiography of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine. It is used to identify or differentiate traumatic fractures, spondylosis, spondylolisthesis, and metastatic tumor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions |
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Term
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Definition
| Nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes various tissues and organs after administration of a radionuclide. After absorption of the radioactive substance, a scanner detects the radioactive tracer and makes a photographic recording (scintigram) of radionuclide distribution using a gamma camera to detect areas of uptake, called hotspots. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scintigraphy procedure in which radionuclide is injected intravenously and taken up into the bone. Used to detect bone disorders, especially arthritis, fractures, osteomyelitis, bone cancers, or areas of bony metastases. Areas of increased uptake (hot spots) are abnormal and may be infection or cancer. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduction procedure where fractured bones are realigned by manipulation rather than surgery. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduction procedure that treats bone fractures by placing the bones in their proper position using surgery. In reduction of a complicated fracture, an incision is made at the fracture site and the fracture is reduced. Often internal fixation devices such as nails, screws, or plates are required to fix the fracture fragments in their correct anatomical position. |
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Term
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Definition
| Application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process |
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Term
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Definition
| Application of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilization, stabilization, and protection during the healing process |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture and facilitate the healing process |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial or complete removal of an extremity due to trauma or circulatory disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope called an arthroscope that contains a magnifying lens, fiberoptic light, and miniature camera that projects images on a monitor |
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Term
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Definition
| Implanting or transplanting bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Excision of bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in the vicinity of joints) |
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Term
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Definition
| Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra. Most commonly performed to relieve the symptoms of a ruptured intervertebral (slipped) disk. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgery repeated to correct problems of a previously unsuccessful surgery or to replace a worn out prothesis |
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Term
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Definition
| Revision surgery are often required to correct bone infection, misalignments of bones, broken prosthesis, and fractures of the bone around the prostheses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| Excision of a synovial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
Treat and prevent hypocalcemia.
Names: Calcium Carbonate (Calci-Mix, Tums); Calcium Citrate (Cal-Citrate 250, Citracal) |
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Term
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Definition
Treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity within the immune system.
Names: auranofin (Ridaura); aurothioglucose (Solganal) |
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Term
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) |
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Definition
Decrease Pain and suppress inflammation
Names: ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin); naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) |
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Term
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Definition
Relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation
Names: aspirin (Acuprin, Aspergum, Bayer Aspirin); magnesium salicylate (Magan, Mobidin) |
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Term
| skeletal muscle relaxants |
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Definition
Relieve muscle spasms and stiffness
Names: cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril); methocarbamol and aspirin (Robaxin) |
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Term
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Definition
| anterior cruciate ligament |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| barium enema; below the elbow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| first cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, and so on |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| congenital dislocation of the hip |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dual energy x-ray absorptiometry |
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Term
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Definition
| degenerative joint disease |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hemodialysis; hip disarticul ation; hearing distance |
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Term
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Definition
| herniated nucleus pulposus (herniated disk) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| intramuscular; infectious mononucleosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| first lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, and so on |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| magnetic resonance imaging |
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Term
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Definition
| musculoskeletal; multiple sclerosis; mental status; mitral stenosis |
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Term
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Definition
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| posterior cruciate ligament |
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Term
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Definition
| rheumatoid arthritis; right atrium |
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Term
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Definition
| rheumatoid factor; radio frequency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transverse rectus abdominis muscle |
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