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Musculoskeletal Prefixes
Prefixes for the Musculoskeletal system
39
Medical
Not Applicable
06/02/2025

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Cards

Term
a-
Definition

Abscence of, without

ex:Atrophy

Term
ab-
Definition

Away

ex:Abduction

Term
ad-
Definition

Toward

ex: Adduction

Term
brady-
Definition

Slow

ex: Bradykinesia

Term
dys-
Definition

Painful, difficult,abnormal,labored

ex: Dystonia

Term
hyper-
Definition

Above,Excessive

ex: Hypertonia

Term
inter-
Definition

Between

ex: Intervertebral disc

Term
intra-
Definition

Within, in

ex: Intramuscular injection

Term
poly-
Definition

Many, Much

ex:Polydactly

Term
sub-
Definition

Below, Under

ex: Subcapularis Muscle

Term
supra-
Definition

Above

ex: Suprapatellar

Term
sym-
Definition

Together, Joined

ex: Symphysis Pubis

Term
syn-
Definition

Together, Joined

ex: Synarthrosis

Term
-al
Definition

Pertaining to

ex: Femoral

Term
-algia
Definition

Pain

ex: Myalgia

Term
-ar
Definition

Pertaining to

ex: Patellar

Term
asthenia
Definition

Weakness

ex: Myashenia

Term
-centisis
Definition

Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid

ex: Arthrocentesis- surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid, often used to relieve swelling or analyze joint conditions.

Term
-clasia
Definition

Break

ex: Osteoclast- is a surgical breaking of bone tissue to correct deformities or aid in the healing process in severe cases

Term
-clast
Definition

Break

ex: Osteclast- a specialized bone cell that breaks down bone tissue during remodel and repair

Term
-desis
Definition

Surgical fixation, fusion

ex: Arthrodesis- surgical fusion of a joint to provide stability and reduce pain, often used for severe arthritis

Term
-ectomy
Definition

Excision, Surgical removal, Cutting out

ex: Tenectomy- Surgical removal of a part of a tendon, often performed to treat chronic tendon inflammation or injury

Term
-gram
Definition

The record, Radiographic image

ex: Myogram- A record of muscle contraction activity, often used to diagnose neuromuscular disorders

Term
-graphy
Definition

Process of recording, Radiographic imaging

ex: Arthrography-Imaging of a joint using contrasting dye to assess joint structures such as cartilage, ligaments and bones

Term
-ic
Definition

Pertaining to

ex: Thoracic- Pertaining to the thorax (chest), which houses the lungs, heart, and other vital structures

Term
-itis
Definition

Inflammation

ex: Myositis- Inflammation of muscle tissue, which can be caused by infections, auto immune disorders or trauma

Term
-lysis
Definition

Loosening, Seperating, Dissolution

ex: Osteolysis- Destruction or Dissolution of bone tissue, often seen in conditions like bone metastasis or infection

Term
-malacia
Definition

Softening

ex: Chondromalacia- Softnening of cartilage; particularly in the knee, leading to the pain and difficulty with movement

Term
-oid
Definition

Resembling

ex: Myleoid- Resembling bone marrow often used to describe cells or tissues related to hematopoises

Term
-oma
Definition

Tumor

ex: Rhabomyoma- A benign tumor of muscle tissue, typically found in the heart or skeletal muscles

Term
-osis
Definition

Abnormal condition

ex: Scoliosis- Abnormal curvature of the spine, which can cause back pain, reduced mobility, and postural issues

Term
-penia
Definition

Abnormal Reduction

ex: Sarcopenia- Loss of muscle mass and strength, often associated with aging, inactivity, or poor nutrition

Term
-physis
Definition

Growth

ex: Epiphsis- The growth end of a long one, critical during childhood and adolescence for bone elongation

Term
-plasty
Definition

Surgical Repair

ex: Myoplasty- Surgical repair or reconstruction of damaged or weakend muscle tissue

Term
-rrhaphy
Definition

Suturing, Repairing

ex: Tenorrhaphy- Suturing of a torn or severed tendon to restore function and stability

Term
-sarcoma
Definition

Malignant Tumor

ex: Osteosarcoma- A malignant bone tumor commonly affecting children and young adults, requiring surgical and medical treatment

Term
-scopy
Definition
Process of viewing, visual examination of a joint using a specialized intrument to diagnose and treat joint conditions
Term
-tomy
Definition

Incision, Cut into

ex: Motomy- Surgical incision into a muscle, often performed to relieve tightness or treat muscle disorders

Term
-trophy
Definition

Nourishment, development

ex: Hypertrophy- Excessive development of tissue or an organ, commonly referring to increased muscle size due to exercise or compensatory growth

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