Term
| What are the most specific blood test for rheumatoid arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt comes in with stiffness persisting for > 30 minutes, prominent in the morning. Diagnostic changes of uniform joint space narrowing and erosions develop. What is the tx of this patient? |
|
Definition
DMARDs
Joint rest
Ice/heat
Exercise
Weight loss |
|
|
Term
| If you start an NSAID for RA, and the pt gets no relief, what can you try? |
|
Definition
| Another NSAID, they don't all work the same. |
|
|
Term
| What is the role of steroids in the tx or RA? |
|
Definition
| Low-dose corticosteroids often are used as a "bridge" to reduce disease activity until the slower acting DMARDs take effect or as adjunctive therapy for active disease that persists despite treatment with DMARDs |
|
|
Term
| What is usually the initial synthetic DMARD of choice for patients with rheumatoid arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does it take before a pt taking Methotrexate begins to see some benefit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What pts is Methotrexate contraindicated in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methotrexate SE can be reduced by prescribing what in conjunction with the this med? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Women and men of child bearing years should be careful using what med? |
|
Definition
Methotrexate, it is teratogenic
Leflunomide carcinogenic and teretogenic |
|
|
Term
| What level should be checked before initiating sulfasalazine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patients with what sensitivity should not be given sulfasalazine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the antimalarial agent most often used against rheumatoid arthritis? |
|
Definition
| Hydroxychloroquine sulfate |
|
|
Term
| Ophthalmologic examinations every _______months are required when this drug,___________ is used for long-term therapy. |
|
Definition
12
hydroxychloroquine sulfate |
|
|
Term
| Screening for _____________ is mandatory before the initiation of TNF blockers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TNF inhibitors should be used with extreme caution in patients with what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt comes in with fever, anorexia, malaise, and weight loss and a malar butterfly rash. Pt complains of joint pain. What labs do you want to order in this patient? |
|
Definition
ANA
Antibodies to double-stranded DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimalarials (hydroxychloroquine)
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for Reynauds Disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is a rare chronic disorder characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. |
|
|
Term
| What is the hallmark of scleroderma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Limited scleroderma:
Calcinosis of the digits
Raynaud phenomenon,
Esophageal motility disorder,
Sclerodactyly (thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers or toes)
Telangiectasia |
|
|
Term
| What is usually the initial manifestation of scleroderma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What labs should be ordered if scleroderma is suspected? |
|
Definition
ANA
The scleroderma antibody (anti-SCL-70)
Anticentromere antibodies |
|
|
Term
| What organism is responsible for Lyme's disease, not tick. |
|
Definition
| Borrelia burgdorferi, is a type of spirochete |
|
|
Term
| How long must a tick be attached before it passes the bacteria to the host? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt comes in with Rash Fever Chills Headache Muscle and joint pain Fatigue and Erythema Migrans, What is the tx? |
|
Definition
| Doxycycline, cefuroxime axetil, amoxicillin |
|
|
Term
| What are the labs to order if you suspect Lyme's disease? |
|
Definition
Prevue B, a rapid test, can give results within an hour.
The C6 Lyme Peptide ELISA is very sensitive and specific., if positive, should be confirmed with a Western blot |
|
|
Term
| Tx for Lymes disease in children younger than 9 years, or in pregnant or breast-feeding women is? |
|
Definition
amoxicillin, cefuroxime axetil, or penicillin
People allergic to penicillin are given erythromycin or related drugs. |
|
|
Term
| 55 year old female pt comes in with constant dryness of eyes and dry mouth. What is the diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What medication is a common offender in Rhabdomyolysis ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lab should be ordered in a pt that you suspect rhabdo in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a clinical diagnosis based on pain and stiffness of the shoulder and pelvic girdle areas, frequently in association with fever, malaise, and weight loss. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you tx Polymyalgia rheumatica ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you tx giant cell arteritis? |
|
Definition
| High dose corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| Serum tests for ________ help in the diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Classic triad of granulomatosis with polyangiitis? |
|
Definition
| upper and lower respiratory tract disease and glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Pt is complaining of Recurrent, painful aphthous ulcers of the mouth and genitals. Pt has Erythema nodosum–like lesions. What is the diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pt has chronic low backache, generally worst in the morning.
Progressive limitation of back motion and of chest expansion. The pain and stiffness improve with activity. What labs should be ordered, what is the diagnosis? |
|
Definition
ESR
HLA-B27
Ankylosing Spondylitis |
|
|
Term
| The earliest radiographic changes are usually in what joint, in Ankylosing Spondylitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most of these cases develop within 1–4 weeks after either a gastrointestinal infection or a sexually transmitted infection. Arthritis is most commonly asymmetric and frequently involves the large weight-bearing joints. |
|
Definition
| Reactive Arthritis (Reiter syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of nongonococcal septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common gram-negative isolates in nongonococcal septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
| Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
|
Term
| Pt comes in with knee pain. The pain is acute, with swelling, and heat of the affected joint worsening over hours. What lab should be done? What is the tx? |
|
Definition
Synovial fluid analysis
>50,000 WBC
MUST HOSPITALIZE PT, use appropriate ABx and drain joint |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of nongonococcal septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common gram-negative isolates in nongonococcal septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
| Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
|
Term
| Pt comes in with knee pain. The pain is acute, with swelling, and heat of the affected joint worsening over hours. What lab should be done? What is the tx? |
|
Definition
Synovial fluid analysis
>50,000 WBC
MUST HOSPITALIZE PT, use appropriate ABx and drain joint |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of nongonococcal septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common gram-negative isolates in nongonococcal septic arthritis? |
|
Definition
| Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
|
Term
| Pt comes in with knee pain. The pain is acute, with swelling, and heat of the affected joint worsening over hours. What lab should be done? What is the tx? |
|
Definition
Synovial fluid analysis
>50,000 WBC
MUST HOSPITALIZE PT, use appropriate ABx and drain joint |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for osteoarthritis? |
|
Definition
NSAIDs should be considered for patients who do not respond to acetaminophen
Corticosteroid injections up to four times a year appear to be safe.
Capsaicin cream |
|
|
Term
| What lab can establish the diagnosis of gout? |
|
Definition
| Identification of sodium urate crystals in joint fluid or material aspirated from a tophus establishes the diagnosis |
|
|
Term
| What are radiographic findings in gout? |
|
Definition
punched-out erosions with an overhanging rim of cortical bone ("rat bite") develop.
When these are adjacent to a soft tissue tophus, they are diagnostic of gout. |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for acute gout? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for chronic gout? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What meds should be avoided in patients with gout? |
|
Definition
Loop and thiazide diuretics
Niacin
Low dose aspirin |
|
|
Term
| Two classes of agents may be used to lower the serum uric acid, what are they? |
|
Definition
| uricosuric drugs and allopurinol |
|
|
Term
| What is diagnostic to identify pseudogout? |
|
Definition
| Identification of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in joint aspirates is diagnostic of pseudogout. |
|
|
Term
| What are the shape of the crystals in gout? Psuedogout? |
|
Definition
Gout: Needle-like; negative birefringence
Pseudogout: Rhomboid; positive birefringence |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx of fibromyalgia? |
|
Definition
| amitriptyline, fluoxetine, duloxetine, milnacipran, chlorpromazine, cyclobenzaprine, pregabalin, or gabapentin |
|
|
Term
Pt comes in after a blunt trauma to his limb. Pt states pain localized to an arm or leg, swelling of the involved extremity,
disturbances of color and temperature in the affected limb,
dystrophic changes in the overlying skin and nails, limited range of motion. What does this patient have? What is the tx? |
|
Definition
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
For mild cases, NSAIDs can be effective.
For more severe cases associated with edema, prednisone |
|
|
Term
Classic radiographic findings of certain tumors:
punched-out areas of the skull?
"sun ray" ?
"onion peel" ? |
|
Definition
punched-out areas of the skull in multiple myeloma
"sun ray" appearance of osteogenic sarcoma
"onion peel" effect of Ewing sarcoma |
|
|
Term
| What lab level is traditionally low in osteoporosis? |
|
Definition
| Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels often low |
|
|
Term
Bone Density Scores:
T score –Normal?
T score –Osteopenia ("low bone density")?
T score -Osteoporosis?
T score -Severe osteoporosis? |
|
Definition
T score –1.0: Normal.
T score –1.0 to –2.5: Osteopenia ("low bone density").
T score < –2.5: Osteoporosis.
T score < –2.5 with a fracture: Severe osteoporosis |
|
|
Term
Surveillance DXA bone densitometry is recommended for postmenoapausal women with a frequency according to their T scores: obtain DXA
T scores –1.0 to –1.5?
–1.5 to –2.0?
–2.0? |
|
Definition
every 5 years for T scores –1.0 to –1.5,
every 3–5 years for scores –1.5 to –2.0,
every 1–2 years for scores under –2.0. |
|
|
Term
| What should be avoided in patients with osteoporosis? |
|
Definition
| ETOH, smoking, steroids (if possible, lower the dose if nothing else) |
|
|
Term
| What supplement should be given to osteoporosis patients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What oral Bisphosphonates are there? |
|
Definition
alendronate (Fosamax) - weekly
risedronate (Actonel) - weekly
ibandronate sodium (Boniva) - monthly (for vertebral fx) |
|
|
Term
| What IV bisphosphonates are available? |
|
Definition
Zoledronic acid (Reclast) - q12months
Pamidronate (Aredia) -q3-6months |
|
|
Term
| Bisphosphonate therapy can cause several side effects that are collectively known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The acute-phase response is most commonly seen after the first dose of bisphosphonate, particularly, which drug, and tends to diminish with time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Repeat bone densitometry may be obtained after ______years of bisphosphonate therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bisphosphonates may be discontinued after a _________course of therapy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| half-life of alendronate in bone is _________years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Selective estrogen receptor modulators, can be used by postmenopausal women in place of estrogen for prevention of osteoporosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patients receiving teriparatide must have sufficient intake of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Teriparatide is approved only for a _______ course of treatment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by a major mutation in the gene encoding for? What may be present? |
|
Definition
type I collagen
Blue sclera may be present |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of osteomalacia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Paget Disease of Bone, what lab is usually markedly elevated? |
|
Definition
Serum alkaline phosphatase
urinary hydroxyproline elevated |
|
|
Term
| What are the treatment of choice for Paget disease? |
|
Definition
| Bisphosphonates - therapy is given until serum alkaline phosphatase is normal |
|
|
Term
Layers of Bone
Hard outer layer?
Soft inner layer
Thick layer that cover cortex, Contains vessels, verve endings, and cells capable of fracture repair?
Inner lining of cancellous bone? |
|
Definition
Cortex – hard outer layer
Cancellous bone – soft inner layer
Periosteum – thick layer that cover cortex
Contains vessels, verve endings, and cells capable of fracture repair
Endosteum – inner lining of cancellous bone |
|
|
Term
Layers of Bone
Hard outer layer?
Soft inner layer
Thick layer that cover cortex, Contains vessels, verve endings, and cells capable of fracture repair?
Inner lining of cancellous bone? |
|
Definition
Cortex – hard outer layer
Cancellous bone – soft inner layer
Periosteum – thick layer that cover cortex
Contains vessels, verve endings, and cells capable of fracture repair
Endosteum – inner lining of cancellous bone |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common type of traumatic injury to the neck |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most chronic neck pain is caused by? |
|
Definition
| degenerative joint disease |
|
|
Term
What spinal fx:
Burst of C1 (ring) from axial (compression) forces
I.e. Dive in shallow pool |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jefferson's Fx is best visualized by what type of radiography? |
|
Definition
| Most often visualized on open-mouth (odontoid) view |
|
|
Term
| Bilateral fracture of C2 pedicles is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Spinous process avulsion of (in order of frequency) C7, C6 or T1
Acute hyperextension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A straight cervical spine (no curve) usually indicates what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common spine fractures occur where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you tx thoracic outlet syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Low back pain that worsens with rest and improves with activity is characteristic of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of bilateral leg weakness, or of saddle area anesthesia, bowel or bladder incontinence, or impotence indicates what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A positive straight leg raising test indicates what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If one leg is lifted and pt c/o pain in the opposite leg it is an indication of what? (crossover sign) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two malingering tests? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for low back pain? |
|
Definition
NSAIDs
Muscle relaxants for 1-2 weeks, if NSAIDs do not work |
|
|
Term
| ___________is a lateral curvature of the spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Scoliosis Tx:
<20 degree curve=?
20-40 degree curves=?
40 degree or >=? |
|
Definition
<20 degree curve=no Tx
20-40 degree curves=bracing to prevent progression
40 degree or >=may require surgery. |
|
|
Term
| Most cases of scoliosis in adults can be managed with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine greater than 10° measured using the ___________method |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____________ test is the most sensitive clinical method of screening for scoliosis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute Pyogenic Osteomyelitis tx is? |
|
Definition
| debridement of necrotic bone and prolonged administration of antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| Gold standard for diagnosing osteomyelitis is? |
|
Definition
| open biopsy or aspiration |
|
|
Term
| What labs are elevated in osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| ESR, C-reactive protein, WBC |
|
|
Term
Adult osteomyelitis caused by Staph aureus, then ?
Pediatric osteomyelitis caused by Staph aureus, then? |
|
Definition
Adult: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Child: H. influenza |
|
|
Term
| Marjolin ulcer is associated with what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx of osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
Surgical excision of osteomyelitic bone is absolutely necessary
Antibiotic therapy
Bony reconstruction |
|
|
Term
| Back pain and gibbus deformity, suggests what diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Spinal TB (Potts disease) |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for Pott's Disease? |
|
Definition
| Antimicrobial therapy should be administered for 6–9 months, usually in the form of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for 2 months followed by isoniazid and rifampin for an additional 4–7 months |
|
|
Term
| How do you tx partial thickness rotator cuff tears? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are non surgical options for treating rotator cuff tears? |
|
Definition
NSAIDs
PT
Steroid injections |
|
|
Term
| Positive Neer and Hawkins signs are associated with what diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx of impingement syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Rest, NSAIDs, steroid injection |
|
|
Term
| What is impingement syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Inflammation of subacromial bursa and underlying RC tendons |
|
|
Term
| #1 Risk factor for frozen shoulder is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| LOTS of P.T. and patience |
|
|
Term
| How does and AC dislocation usually happen? |
|
Definition
| Falling on the tip of the shoulder |
|
|
Term
| What type of Xrays should be ordered for a AC joint injury? |
|
Definition
| AP films of BOTH shoulders |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for AC injuries? |
|
Definition
Grades 1,2,3: Wear sling, ice, analgesics
Grade 4 or>: Surgery |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for bursitis? |
|
Definition
| local heat, rest, NSAIDs, and local corticosteroid injections |
|
|
Term
| Ludington test can help diagnose what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which direction is the majority of shoulder dislocations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for a person who dislocates their shoulder? |
|
Definition
| reduced in the ER, then immobilized in neutral arm rotation for 3 weeks |
|
|
Term
| What nerve should be assessed in a patient with a dislocated shoulder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hill-Sachs lesion is clear evidence of what type of dislocation? |
|
Definition
| anterior shoulder dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Injury to long thoracic nerve effects what muscle, and what deformity? |
|
Definition
| (serratus anterior) leads to medial winging |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for bursitis? |
|
Definition
| local heat, rest, NSAIDs, and local corticosteroid injections |
|
|
Term
| Ludington test can help diagnose what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which direction is the majority of shoulder dislocations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for a person who dislocates their shoulder? |
|
Definition
| reduced in the ER, then immobilized in neutral arm rotation for 3 weeks |
|
|
Term
| What nerve should be assessed in a patient with a dislocated shoulder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hill-Sachs lesion is clear evidence of what type of dislocation? |
|
Definition
| anterior shoulder dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Injury to long thoracic nerve effects what muscle, and what deformity? |
|
Definition
| (serratus anterior) leads to medial winging |
|
|
Term
| How do you tx epicondylitis? |
|
Definition
NSAIDs, rest, forearm strap, stretches, exercises
Steroid injection if needed |
|
|
Term
| What imaging should you do for a pt with Epicondylitis? |
|
Definition
| AP and lateral radiographs of the elbow are necessary to rule out arthritis or osteochondral loose bodies. |
|
|
Term
| What manual tests can you do to help make the diagnosis of carpal tunnel? |
|
Definition
| Tinel sign, Phalen sign, carpal compression test |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment of carpal tunnel? |
|
Definition
Modify wrist activities and Brace wrist for 2-6 weeks
Surgery if thenar muscle atrophy or weakness develops. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fracture of the distal radius which is intra-articular |
|
|
Term
| What is a Hutchinson's Fx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for Dupuytren's Contracture? |
|
Definition
injections of triamcinolone or collagenase
Or surgical intervention |
|
|
Term
| Full flexion of the thumb into the palm, followed by ulnar deviation of the wrist produces pain and is diagnostic for what diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| de Quervain tenosynovitis |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for de Quervain tenosynovitis? |
|
Definition
a 2-week course of NSAIDs and a thumb spica splint
If no results, can inject with steroids. After injection, the thumb is immobilized in a long opponens splint for 48 hours |
|
|
Term
| What are the most common soft-tissue tumors of the hand? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gamekeepers thumb is a disruption of what ligament? |
|
Definition
| the ulnar collateral ligament |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for gamekeeper's thumb? |
|
Definition
Thumb spica splint
Surgery may be necessary |
|
|
Term
| How do you tx PIP sprains (jammed finger)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tx of Mallett finger? |
|
Definition
Continuous splinting:
6 weeks for acute
8 weeks for injury 3 months or older |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx of trigger finger? |
|
Definition
NSAIDs and injection of steroids
Surgery may be required |
|
|
Term
| Hip dislocations are usually in what direction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you tx a hip dislocation? |
|
Definition
Check nerve and vascular function
Rule out associated fx
Reduction ASAP to prevent osteonecrosis |
|
|
Term
| “crescent sign” on Xray is indicative of what diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Subchondral fx, that leads to Osteonecrosis of the hip |
|
|
Term
| What is an idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in children. Children will tend to have a waddling gait, pain radiates to groin or thigh |
|
Definition
| Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD)? |
|
Definition
| conservative (rest/traction), possible excision of necrotic bone through osteotomy may be necessary |
|
|
Term
| If LCPD is suspected, what imaging studies should be ordered? |
|
Definition
| AP and frog-lateral radiographs of the pelvis should be obtained |
|
|
Term
Patient describes pain at the anterolateral aspect of the knee that worsens with running, especially downhill, or cycling. This pain is usually most intense at heel strike.
Also, patients may report an audible popping in the knee with walking or running. What is the diagnosis? What manual test can be done to help the diagnosis? What is the tx? |
|
Definition
IT Band syndrome
Ober test
physical therapy, a short-term course of NSAIDs, ice, and activity modifications |
|
|
Term
Patient describes pain at the anterolateral aspect of the knee that worsens with running, especially downhill, or cycling. This pain is usually most intense at heel strike.
Also, patients may report an audible popping in the knee with walking or running. What is the diagnosis? What manual test can be done to help the diagnosis? What is the tx? |
|
Definition
IT Band syndrome
Ober test
physical therapy, a short-term course of NSAIDs, ice, and activity modifications |
|
|
Term
| What is the best manual test to do to test the ACL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mcmurray test tests what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What develops rapidly (within 24hours) after an ACL injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most sensitive test for a PCL tear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What meniscus is more likely to be torn during an ACL tear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD)? |
|
Definition
| is osteonecrosis of subchondral bone. |
|
|
Term
| Gradual onset of knee pain, walking with the foot rotated outward may relieve the pain, positive Wilsons test. Diagnosis? Tx? |
|
Definition
Osteochondritis dissecans
Surgical Tx |
|
|
Term
| The key to this diagnosis is the patient’s inability to extend the knee against gravity or perform a straight-leg raise. |
|
Definition
| Patellar/Quadriceps Tendon Ruptures |
|
|
Term
| Diffuse aching anterior knee pain that is worse after prolonged sitting (theater sign), climbing stairs, jumping, or squatting. Common among athletes. No hx of trauma. What is the diagnosis and tx? |
|
Definition
Patellofermoral Pain Syndrome
Tx: PT, NSAIDs, strengthen medial thigh |
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Term
| Pain and swelling of the tibial tubercle. pain that is exacerbated by running, jumping, and kneeling activities. tenderness and swelling at the insertion of the patellar tendon. Diagnosis? Tx? |
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Definition
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Tx: ice after sports, coupled with occasional use of NSAIDs, use of a protective knee pad, and stretching exercises |
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Term
| How can you diagnose a Baker's Cyst? Tx? |
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Definition
Lateral X ray films
NSAIDs, refer to ortho may be necessary |
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Term
| How do you tx a ruptured Baker Cyst? |
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Definition
Symptomatic care.
Analgesics, rest, elevation |
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Term
| How long do knee replacements usually last? How long is recovery after surgery? |
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Definition
15-20 years
6-12 month recovery |
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Term
| Whitesides infusion technique can be used to diagnose what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx of compartmental syndrome? |
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Definition
| Surgical fasciotomy is essential |
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Term
| What type of ankle sprain is most common? |
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Definition
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Term
| Injury to the tibiofibular syndesmosis is suggested by what two tests? |
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Definition
| the squeeze test and the external rotation test |
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Term
| What rules provide a guideline on when to obtain radiographs of the ankle? |
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Definition
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Term
| +Thompson test is what diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the tx for plantar faciitis? |
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Definition
Arch support, rest, NSAIDs
Steroid injection maybe required |
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Term
| Turf toe (hyperextension of 1st MTP joint) requires how much rest from sports? |
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Definition
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Term
| Burning pain between the toes, dysthesia into the effected toes is common. perineural fibroma of the common digital nerve. What is this? |
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Definition
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Term
| fracture at the tuberosity of the base of the fifth metatarsal is what fx? |
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Definition
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