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MUSC 7211 – Terminology Midterm
Doctoral Performance Practice Terminology Midterm
199
Music
Graduate
02/28/2013

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Term
A battuta (It)
Definition
with the beat
Term
A capriccio (It)
Definition
following one’s fancy; at the whim of the performer
Term
A deux (Fr), A due (It)
Definition
a duet – or, two performers play part in unison
Term
A piacere (It)
Definition
tempo at the discretion of the performer (rubato)
Term
A tempo (It)
Definition
return to original tempo
Term
Accelerando (It), presses (Fr)
Definition
quickening; gradual speeding up
Term
Affabilita (It)
Definition
with ease, elegance; pleasing; agreeable
Term
Affannoso (It)
Definition
with anxious expression
Term
Affetuoso (It)
Definition
with tender expression
Term
Affrettando (It)
Definition
rushed, hurried, nervous
Term
Agilita (It)
Definition
with lightness, agility
Term
Agitato (It)
Definition
agitated, hurried, restless
Term
Allant-(Fr)
Definition
bustling, lively, brisk
Term
Alla Breve (It)
Definition
cut time, duple time
Term
Allargando (It)
Definition
slower and broader
Term
Allentando (It)
Definition
slowing down
Term
Ancora (It), encore (Fr)
Definition
still, again, once more
Term
Am Frosch (Gr), a la hausse (Fr)
Definition
play at the frog of the bow
Term
Amabile (It)
Definition
charming, amiable, gracious
Term
Amoroso (It)
Definition
lovingly
Term
Animato (It), anime (Fr)
Definition
animated, spirited
Term
Appassionato (It)
Definition
passionately, with intense emotion
Term
Assai (It) , molto (It), très (Fr), sehr (Gr) , ganz (Gr)
Definition
much, very much, rather much, etc.
Term
Ausdrucksvoll (Gr)
Definition
with expression
Term
Calando (It)
Definition
decrease in volume and tempo
Term
Calcando (It)
Definition
hurrying, pressing forward
Term
Calmando (It), Calmato (It)
Definition
become calm, quiet, tranquil
Term
Caminando (It) – with ease; gentle;
Definition
with ease; gentle;flowing
Term
Cantabile (It), cantando (It)
Definition
in a singing style
Term
Cédez (Fr) , poco ritardando (It)
Definition
slight holding back
Term
Col arco (It)
Definition
with the bow
Term
Col destra (It)
Definition
with the right hand
Term
Col legno (It)
Definition
play with the wood of the bow, not the hair
Term
Col sinistra (It)
Definition
with the left hand
Term
Colla voce (It), colla parte (It)
Definition
following the soloist in a free manner
Term
Come prima (It)
Definition
as at first
Term
Come è scritto (It)
Definition
perform as written
Term
Come sopra (It)
Definition
as above
Term
Comodo (It)
Definition
perform in a comfortable manner (usually a comfortably fast tempo)
Term
Con (It), avec (Fr), mit (Gr)
Definition
with
Term
Con amore (It)
Definition
lovingly, tenderly
Term
Con brio (It)
Definition
with spirit, vigor
Term
Con fuoco (It)
Definition
with fire (fast tempo)
Term
Con forza (It)
Definition
with force, vigor
Term
Con sordini (It)
Definition
with mutes
Term
Con tenerezza (It)
Definition
with tenderness
Term
Doloroso, dolent (It)
Definition
in a sorrowful, mournful manner
Term
Dopo (It)
Definition
after
Term
Doppio (It)
Definition
play in octaves
Term
Doppio movimento (It)
Definition
twice as fast
Term
Droit (Fr.)
Definition
right; m.d. – right hand
Term
Eingang (Gr)
Definition
small improvisatory section; mini cadenza, elaboration
Term
Einschlafen (Gr)
Definition
to slacken the time and volume; dying away
Term
Etwas (Gr)
Definition
somewhat; a little bit
Term
Facile (It)
Definition
Play with ease, lightness
Term
Fertig (Gr)
Definition
quick, nimble
Term
Fierament (It) fiero, fiere
Definition
proud, haughtly, bold manner
Term
Fioriture (It)
Definition
ornament, embellishment
Term
Fp,forte piano (It)
Definition
attack the written note and immediately decrease in volume
Term
Forzando (It), forzato, fz, sf, ffz
Definition
play a specific note or chord with great
Term
Fuoco (It)
Definition
with energy, passion
Term
Furioso (It)
Definition
in a wild, furious manner
Term
Ganz (It)
Definition
whole, all, entire
Term
Gauche (Fr.)
Definition
left; m.g. = left hand
Term
Gaudioso (It)
Definition
merry, joyful manner
Term
Gehend (Gr)
Definition
moderately slow tempo (like andante)
Term
Giocoso (It)
Definition
happy, comic, merry
Term
Gioioso (It)
Definition
blithe, gay, joyful
Term
Grazioso (It)
Definition
graceful, smooth, elegant
Term
Grosso (It)
Definition
full, great, grand, magnificent
Term
Heftig (Gr), impetuoso (It)
Definition
vehement, boisterous, impetuous
Term
Incalzando (It)
Definition
pressing, chasing
Term
Inconsolato (It)
Definition
mournful
Term
Innocentemente (It)
Definition
innocently
Term
Inquieto (It)
Definition
restless, agitated, uneasy
Term
Irato (It)
Definition
angry, irate, passionate
Term
Istesso (It) l’istesso tempo, lo stesso tempo
Definition
keep the beat the same throughout, even if time signature changes
Term
Jubiloso (It)
Definition
jubilant, exultant
Term
Lascia vibrare (It) l.v.
Definition
let it vibrate, let the sound die away without dampening
Term
Languendo (It)
Definition
languishing, feeble
Term
Largamente (It)
Definition
perform with a broad, full sound
Term
Leggiero (It)
Definition
light, swift, delicate
Term
Libero (It)
Definition
freely, unrestrained
Term
Licenza
Definition
with some freedom
Term
Lusingando (It)
Definition
coaxing, flattering, caressing, alluring
Term
Lustig (It)
Definition
merry, cheerful
Term
Luttuoso (It)
Definition
mournful, sorrowful
Term
Manus dexter, m.d. (Latin)
Definition
right hand
Term
M.M
Definition
metronome marking
Term
Manus sinister, m.s. (Latin)
Definition
left hand
Term
Ma non troppo (It.)
Definition
but not too much
Term
Maestoso (It)
Definition
stately, majestic, dignified
Term
Mancando (It)
Definition
decreasing in volume; die away
Term
Marcato (It)
Definition
marked, accented, emphatic, stressed
Term
Martellato (It)
Definition
hammered; forceful, detached touch on the piano
Term
Meno (It), moins (Fr.)
Definition
less
Term
Meno mosso (It) or più lento
Definition
less motion; slower tempo
Term
Mesto (It)
Definition
sad, mournful, melancholy
Term
Mezza voce (It)
Definition
“half-voice”, i.e. perform in a quiet, restrained manner
Term
Mezzo (It)
Definition
medium, half
Term
Moll (Gr)
Definition
minor
Term
Morendo (It)
Definition
dying away; diminish in tone and tempo
Term
Moto (It) con moto
Definition
motion; con moto = with motion, or quickly
Term
Moto perpetuo (It)
Definition
perpetual motion; a term used to describe rapidly executed and persistently maintained figuration
Term
Non troppo (It), pas trop (fr)
Definition
not too much
Term
Ossia (It)
Definition
otherwise, i.e., to perform a passage in an alternate manner (usually simplified)
Term
Parlando
Definition
declamatory, speaking style
Term
Passagio (It)
Definition
written or improvised passage, - or – a transition or modulation in a composition
Term
Passionato (It)
Definition
passionate
Term
Patetico (It)
Definition
pathetic
Term
Ped.
Definition
use the damper pedal on piano (the on the right)
Term
Perdendosi (It)
Definition
gradually diminishing in volume, rhgradually diminishing in volume, rhythm (tempo) and tone; to die awayythm
Term
Pesante (It)
Definition
heavy and ponderous; with importance and weight
Term
Più (It), plus (Fr), (suffix) er [Gr]
Definition
more
Term
Piu animato (It), più mosso, più allegro
Definition
faster; more motion
Term
Un poco (It), un peu (Fr), ein wenig (Gr)
Definition
a little bit
Term
A poco a poco (It), peu à peu (Fr), allmählich (Gr)
Definition
little by little; gradually, a little at a time
Term
Pochissimo (It)
Definition
very little
Term
Portamento (It)
Definition
sliding between two pitches
Term
Quasi (It)
Definition
in the style of
Term
Raddolcendo (It)
Definition
gradually diminish in volume, growing gentler, sweeter, calmer
Term
Rallentando (It)
Definition
gradual slowing down
Term
Ritenuto (It)
Definition
sudden slowing down; held back; maintain this tempo until a tempo or other tempo change – it doesn’t continue to slow down
Term
Rubato (It)
Definition
to rob, or steal the time; flexibility of tempo by pushing forward or pulling back
Term
Rapidamente (It)
Definition
rapidly
Term
Rasch (Gr)
Definition
spirited, swift
Term
Rattenuto (It)
Definition
restrained, held back
Term
Ravvivando (It)
Definition
quickening the pace
Term
Rinforzando (It), rinforzato, rfz
Definition
emphasis or accent applied in a passage or a small group of notes
Term
Risoluto (It)
Definition
resolved, bold, resolute
Term
Ruhig (Gr)
Definition
calm, peaceful
Term
Rustico (It)
Definition
in a rustic, rural manner
Term
Saltando(It)
Definition
a leaping, skipping bowing technique
Term
Sanft (Gr)
Definition
soft, mild, smooth
Term
Sans (Fr)
Definition
without
Term
Scherzando (It)
Definition
playful, merry, lively, animated
Term
Schleppend (Gr)
Definition
dragging; nicht schleppend = do not drag
Term
Schwungvoll (Gr)
Definition
spirited; mit schwungfoll – with spirit
Term
Sciolto (It)
Definition
light, free manner
Term
Secco (It), sec (Fr)
Definition
dry
Term
Segue (It)
Definition
as follows; i.e. perform a passage in a similar manner as the one that preceded it
Term
Sehr (Gr)
Definition
very
Term
Semplice (It)
Definition
simple, plain, pure
Term
Sempre (It)
Definition
always
Term
Senza (It)
Definition
without
Term
Severita (It)
Definition
with strictness, severity
Term
Sforzando, sforzato, sf, sff, sfff, sffz, sfffz, sfp (It)
Definition
to perform a note or chord with emphasis, followed immediately with a decrease in loudness
Term
Sin’ al fine (It)
Definition
to the end
Term
Singhiozzando (It)
Definition
sobbing effect
Term
Slentando (It)
Definition
relax the tempo; become slower
Term
Smaniato (It)
Definition
furiously, with rage
Term
Smorzando (It)
Definition
suddenly dying away
Term
Sopra (It)
Definition
above
Term
Sordamente (It)
Definition
softly, gently, muffled, dampened
Term
Sordino (It)
Definition
perform with a mute
Term
Sospirando (It)
Definition
subdued, sighing, doleful
Term
Sostenuto (It)
Definition
sustained
Term
Sotto (It)
Definition
under
Term
Sotto voce (It)
Definition
under the voice, i.e., perform in a quiet manner, almost a whisper
Term
Spianato (It)
Definition
level, even, smooth
Term
Spiccato (It)
Definition
separated, detached bow stroke using tip of bow
Term
Spiritoso (It)
Definition
spirited
Term
Sprechstimme (Gr)
Definition
melody is spoken at approximate pitches rather than sung at exact pitches
Term
Strich (Gr)
Definition
bow stroke
Term
Aufstrich (Gr)
Definition
up-bow
Term
Neiderstrich (Gr)
Definition
down-bow
Term
Stringengo (It)
Definition
pressing forward; accelerate the tempo
Term
Subito (It)
Definition
suddenly
Term
Sul (It)
Definition
at, on, over, on the, near the
Term
Sul ponticello (It), sur le chavalet (Fr)
Definition
at the bridge (stringed instruments)
Term
Sul tastiera (It), sur la touché (Fr)
Definition
at the fingerboard (stringed instruments)
Term
Tempo giusto (It)
Definition
“just time” - in strict time; or return to regular tempo
Term
Tempo primo (It)
Definition
return to original tempo
Term
Trattenuto (It)
Definition
holding back (similar to ritardando), but with a sustained quality
Term
Tacet (Latin)
Definition
silent, i.e., do not play for an entire section or movement
Term
Talone (It)
Definition
at the frow of the bow
Term
Tanto (It)
Definition
so much
Term
Tasto solo (It)
Definition
indicates to the continuo performer that the bass note should be performed solo, without harmonization
Term
Teneramente (It)
Definition
with tenderness
Term
Tief (Gr)
Definition
low, deep, weighty, profound
Term
Toujours (Fr)
Definition
always
Term
Traurig (Gr)
Definition
heavy, mournful, sad
Term
Tres (Fr)
Definition
very much
Term
Über (Gr)
Definition
above, over
Term
Übung (Gr), etude (Fr)
Definition
study, technical exercise
Term
Veloce (It)
Definition
perform swiftly
Term
Vivace (It), vif (Fr)
Definition
lively, brisk
Term
Vivo (It)
Definition
lively, animated; slightly more animated than vivace
Term
Volta (It)
Definition
time; prima volta = first time; seconda volta = second time
Term
Volti (v.s. or subito volti)
Definition
turn the page of the music; subito volti – turn quickly!
Term
Wiederholung (Gr)
Definition
repeat sign
Term
Zart (Gr)
Definition
tenderly, delicately, softly
Term
Zusammen (Gr)
Definition
together
Term
Arpègement (Fr), Brechung (Gr)
Definition
arpeggio
Term
Petites notes (Fr), kurz Vorschläge (Gr)
Definition
grace notes
Term
Tremblement (Fr)
Definition
trill
Term
Brisé (Fr), Doppelschlag (Gr), grupetto (It)
Definition
turn
Term
Pincé (Fr), Pralltriller (Gr)
Definition
mordent
Term
Glissement (Fr)
Definition
glissando
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