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MUS 329
Final for MUS 329
69
Music
Undergraduate 4
06/22/2009

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Cards

Term
Soprano
Definition
highest female voice
Term
Alto
Definition
lowest female voice
Term
Tenor
Definition
highest male voice
Term
Bass
Definition
lowest male voice
Term
A Capella
Definition
without instrumental accompaniment
Term
Chorus
Definition
large group of singers; also used to denote a refrain or choral segment of an oratorio
Term
Accent
Definition
greater emphasis on note or chord
Term
Articulation
Definition
way in which musical tones are attacked
Term
Legato
Definition
connecting pitches smoothly
Term
Staccato
Definition
short, detached notes
Term
Tempo
Definition
the speed of a musical composition
Term
Staff
Definition
graph of five horizontal lines on which musical notes are placed
Term
Treble Clef
Definition
the symbol for the G clef
Term
Bass Clef
Definition
symbol for the F clef
Term
Grand Staff
Definition
the G and F clefs joined together
Term
Interval
Definition
distance between two pitches
Term
Half Step
Definition
interval from one pitch to the next adjacent pitch
Term
Whole Step
Definition
interval formed by two half steps
Term
Tonal Center
Definition
key center or home key of a piece
Term
Tonality
Definition
how melodic and harmonic elements are organized around a tonal center
Term
Chromatic Scale
Definition
scale entirely composed of half steps
Term
Major Scale
Definition
seven-tone sclae composed of W-W-H-W-W-W-H steps
Term
Minor Scale
Definition
seven tone scale composed of W-H-W-W-H-W-W
Term
Pentatonic Scale
Definition
five note, whole tone scale
Term
Relative major and minor
Definition
major and minor keys that have identical key signatures
Term
Sharp
Definition
musical symbol that raises the pitch a half step
Term
Flat
Definition
musical symbol that lowers the pitch half a step
Term
Key Signature
Definition
the sharps or flats placed at the beginning of a musical composition to affect the entire composition
Term
Solfege
Definition
system for identifying the pitches of the Western scale: DO RE MI FA SOL LA TI DO
Term
Stepwise
Definition
a melodic progression of pitches ascending or descending without skips
Term
Bar Line
Definition
vertical line drawn on the staff to divide music into measures
Term
Measure
Definition
group of beats between the bar lines on the staff
Term
Double Bar
Definition
vertical lines that signify the end of a composition
Term
Meter Signature
Definition
numbers placed at the beginning of a composition
Term
Downbeat
Definition
first beat of a measure
Term
Upbeat
Definition
one or more notes that occur before the first measure of a musical composition
Term
Recorder
Definition
small vertical, flutelike instrument whose pitch is determined by covering or uncovering holes with the fingers
Term
Xylophone
Definition
pitched percussion instrument made from wooden bars mounted on a frame
Term
Resonator Bells
Definition
tuned metal bars mounted individually on a block of wood or plastic that serves to enhance the sound
Term
Glockenspiel
Definition
small instrument made of tuned metal bars mounted horizontally on a frame
Term
Metallophone
Definition
medium to large diatonic instrument with tone bars made of aluminum and tuned for perfect pitch and harmonies
Term
Unpitched Percussion Instruments
Definition
used primarily to provide rhythmic accompaniments to songs; divided into woods, metals, and skins
Term
Does music make you smarter?
Definition
Increases spatial-temporal reasoning; can develop a vocabulary for music and movement on which to base future music studies; piano instruction significantly increases spatial; improvement is temporary
Term
Howard Gardener's Multiple Intelligences
Definition
Linguistic, Logical/Mathemtaical, Musical Rythmic, Bodily/Kinesthetic, Spatial, Naturalist, Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Exsistential
Term
Linguistic Intelligence
Definition
capacity to use language to express what's on your mind - writer, orator, speaker, lawyer
Term
Logical/Mathematical Intelligence
Definition
capacity to understand the underlying principles of some kind of causal system or to manipulate numbers, quantities, and operations
Term
Musical Rhythmic Intelligence
Definition
capacity to think in music; to be able to hear patterns, recognize them, and perhaps manipulate them
Term
Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
Definition
capacity to use your whole body or parts of your body to solve a problem, make something, or put on some kind of production
Term
Spatial Intelligence
Definition
abliity to represnet the spatial world internally in your mind; navigation of sailor or pilot
Term
Naturalist Intelligence
Definition
ability to discriminate among living things and sensitivity to other features of the natural world
Term
Intrapersonal Intelligence
Definition
having an understanding of yourslef; knowing who you are, what you can do, what you want to do, how you react to things, which things to avoid, and which things to gravitate toward
Term
Interpersonal Intelligence
Definition
ability to understand other people
Term
Exsistential Intelligence
Definition
ability and proclivit to pose questions about life, death, and ultimate realities
Term
Dalcroze Approach
Definition
Emile Jacques-Dalcroz (pioneer of movement); includes eurhythmics (experienceing elements of music through body movement), soflege, and improvisation
Term
Orff Approach
Definition
Carl Orff; includes active participation, movement, singing, instruments (Orff instruments), Improvisation; explore and experience first by imitation then creation; part then whole; simple then complex; individual then ensemble
Term
Kodaly Approach
Definition
Zoltan Kodaly; vocal approach to music literacy (ability to read, hear and think music); focus on music reading, singing is foundation - believed musicianship began with voicel sequential - beginning with young children; folk songs in mother tongue and other music of the "highest" quality; child-developmental approach (taught from child's point of view); tools: solfege, curnew hand signs, rhythm syllables
Term
Folk Songs
Definition
1. Oral Tradition
2. Stood the test of time - staying power - variants
3. Anonymous Composer
Term
Why are folk songs valuable?
Definition
Let kids bring out emotions dont always get to address through another medium; singable and appropriate for voices; memorable melodies; pure enjoyment; good tools for teaching musical elements
Term
Thematic Approach
Definition
focus on topic and music used to supplemnt the curriculum
Term
Parallel Concepts Approach
Definition
explore commonalities among other arts; focuses on common concepts found in dance, music, theatre, and the visual arts
Term
Cognitively Impaired
Definition
simplify, use repetition, revisit familiar songs
Term
Learning Disabled
Definition
break into parts; focus on one thing at a time
Term
Visually Impaired
Definition
tactile
Term
Hearing Impaired
Definition
feel vibrations, tactile, seat next to strong singer
Term
Physically Challenged
Definition
modify equipment
Term
Gifted
Definition
don't give extra work; use as leader
Term
Behavioral Problem
Definition
pay attention to person; don't change rules; separate student from behavior
Term
Play Party
Definition
similar to sqaure dance; no caller; no instrumental accompaniment; no waist swings
Term
Curnew hand signs
Definition
used to indicate solfege; fingers used = half step
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