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Mucoskeletal Exam 2
Mucoskeletal Exam 2
46
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
02/17/2014

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Cards

Term
Chief concern of muscoskeletal
Definition
Pain/discomfort
Weakness
Limited movement
Stiffness
Deformity
Lack of balance or coordination
Term
Complete muscoskeletal exam
Definition
joint disease, hx of symptoms, history of ADL problems
Inspection
Palpation
Range of motion (ROM)
Muscle strength
Term
Focused muscoskeletal exam
Definition
Address specific injury or focal area of concern or affected by an injury. Only involved area needs to be examined, Identify specific problem, alleviate pain and prevent further problems.
Inspection
Palpation
Term
Screening muscoskeletal exam
Definition
Observation of gait, posture, sitting, rising, small object manipulation
Observation of general ROM, screen for abnormalities. Sufficient for most individuals
Age-specific screening
Term
What does the muscoskeletal system do?
Definition
Provides support, movement, protection of RBC by bone marrow, storage of calcium and phosphate. 40-50 percent of body weight. Tendons connect muscles together. Cartilidge covers bones.
Term
Do we assess balance if they have a gait problem?
Definition
No because they will not have good balance.
Term
How do we test coordination?
Definition
Rapid table slaps and alternating
Term
Palpating muscles what are you looking for
Definition
Muscle Tone
Flaccid
Spastic
Tone
Nodules
Deformity
Term
When you palpate joints what are you looking for
Definition
Swelling
Pain
Tenderness
Warmth
Nodules
Term
abduct
Definition
Lift leg out
Term
Adduct
Definition
bring closer to body
Term
active ROM
Definition
Assess both at same time to look at symmetry. Pt puts joints thru motion
Term
Passive
Definition
When the examiner puts the joints thru ROMs
Term
How do we assess muscle strength?
Definition
UE resistance, LE resistance, handgrip. Look for symmetry, strength, involuntary movement
Term
When do we do a functional assessment?
Definition
advanced age, known injury, arthritis
Term
What are the parts of a functional assessment
Definition
Walk
Climb up stairs
Walk down stairs
Pick up object from floor
Rise from sitting in chair
Rise from lying position
Term
What is an important part of diet
Definition
Vitamin D and calcium
Term
When does bone growth stop?
Definition
21 years of age, thats when the epiphyses close. Bone deformity can occur if breaks happen before that age
Term
Spinal curvature throughout lifespan
Definition
birth it has a C curve, which goes into cervical curve, then the lumbar curve develops at 12-18 months of age. We have all our muscle fibers at birth but they grow and lengthen as we do.
Term
Lordosis
Definition
curving of the lower spine due to center of gravity changing in pregnant women
Term
When do we lose our height?
Definition
Between 40-60 years of age
Term
after 30, how much does muscle mass decrease per decade?
Definition
3-8 percent
Term
What is osteoporosis
Definition
Decreased bone density.
Term
Chief concern of muscoskeletal
Definition
Pain/discomfort
Weakness
Limited movement
Stiffness
Deformity
Lack of balance or coordination
Term
Complete muscoskeletal exam
Definition
joint disease, hx of symptoms, history of ADL problems
Inspection
Palpation
Range of motion (ROM)
Muscle strength
Term
Focused muscoskeletal exam
Definition
Address specific injury or focal area of concern or affected by an injury. Only involved area needs to be examined, Identify specific problem, alleviate pain and prevent further problems.
Inspection
Palpation
Term
Screening muscoskeletal exam
Definition
Observation of gait, posture, sitting, rising, small object manipulation
Observation of general ROM, screen for abnormalities. Sufficient for most individuals
Age-specific screening
Term
What does the muscoskeletal system do?
Definition
Provides support, movement, protection of RBC by bone marrow, storage of calcium and phosphate. 40-50 percent of body weight. Tendons connect muscles together. Cartilidge covers bones.
Term
Do we assess balance if they have a gait problem?
Definition
No because they will not have good balance.
Term
How do we test coordination?
Definition
Rapid table slaps and alternating
Term
Palpating muscles what are you looking for
Definition
Muscle Tone
Flaccid
Spastic
Tone
Nodules
Deformity
Term
When you palpate joints what are you looking for
Definition
Swelling
Pain
Tenderness
Warmth
Nodules
Term
abduct
Definition
Lift leg out
Term
Adduct
Definition
bring closer to body
Term
active ROM
Definition
Assess both at same time to look at symmetry. Pt puts joints thru motion
Term
Passive
Definition
When the examiner puts the joints thru ROMs
Term
How do we assess muscle strength?
Definition
UE resistance, LE resistance, handgrip. Look for symmetry, strength, involuntary movement
Term
When do we do a functional assessment?
Definition
advanced age, known injury, arthritis
Term
What are the parts of a functional assessment
Definition
Walk
Climb up stairs
Walk down stairs
Pick up object from floor
Rise from sitting in chair
Rise from lying position
Term
What is an important part of diet
Definition
Vitamin D and calcium
Term
When does bone growth stop?
Definition
21 years of age, thats when the epiphyses close. Bone deformity can occur if breaks happen before that age
Term
Spinal curvature throughout lifespan
Definition
birth it has a C curve, which goes into cervical curve, then the lumbar curve develops at 12-18 months of age. We have all our muscle fibers at birth but they grow and lengthen as we do.
Term
Lordosis
Definition
curving of the lower spine due to center of gravity changing in pregnant women
Term
When do we lose our height?
Definition
Between 40-60 years of age
Term
after 30, how much does muscle mass decrease per decade?
Definition
3-8 percent
Term
What is osteoporosis
Definition
Decreased bone density.
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