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Ms. Wills ANTHRO
Study guide final exam
38
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
12/04/2010

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
racism
Definition
a prejudicial belief that members of one ethnic group are superior in some way to those of another
Term
anthropometry
Definition
the measurement of different aspects of the body such as stature or skin color.
Term
ethnic group
Definition
a human group defined in terms of sociological, cultural, and linguistic traits.
Term
blumenbach
Definition
father of modern day anthropology
Term
ethiopian meaning?
Definition
scorched ones
Term
linnaeus
Definition
identified five subspecies, he was first to develop a classification system called systema naturae
Term
what do vast amounts of american indians have? and what exists in asia and africa?
Definition
american indians have type O. and type B is asia and africa
Term
what is population genetics primarily concerned with?
Definition
concerned with microevolution .
Term
lactose tolerant and intolerant
Definition
lactose is a sugar. thus, if you are lactose tolerant then you have the ability to digest milk with the enzyme lactase and vice versa if you are intolerant meaning that you can't
Term
lactase persistence.
Definition
figure out
Term
westermarck hypothesis
Definition
rules of incest. explains why bros/sisters aren't attracted to eachother. if you develop a relationship within the first five years of your life then romance doesn't build. an incest taboo forms.
Term
polymorphism
Definition
two or more distinct phenotypes (at the genetic or anatomical levels) that exist within a population.
Term
bergmann's rule
Definition
stipulates that body size is larger in colder climates to conserve body temperature
Term
bergmann's rule
Definition
colder the climate, the larger the body to conserve body temperature .
Term
Allen's rule
Definition
in warmer climates, the limbs of the body are longer relative to body size to dissipate body heat.
Term
skin color
Definition
largest and most complex organs of the body. two main components: dermis and epidermis. it acts as a fluid barrier and to maintain body temperature. melanocytes- cells in the epidermis that produce melanin (only 5%)
Term
zoonotic illnesses
Definition
disease thats transmitted from a non human to a human.
Term
ABO blood group distribution
Definition
world-wide distributions. O-62.5 percent. A-21.5, B-16. B is popular in asia , O popular in North and South America. A is found small amounts everywhere but not in south america
Term
hypoxia
Definition
the body as a whole or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen..
Term
vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Definition
vasodilation is the relaxation of blood vessels and vasoconstriction is the tightening of blood vessels
Term
adaptability
Definition
ability of an individual organism to make positive anatomical or physiological changes after short or long term exposure to stressful environmental conditions.
Term
acclimatazation
Definition
short term changes in physiology that occur in an organism in response to changes in environmental conditions.
Term
polytypic
Definition
species that consist of a number of separate breeding populations, each varying in some genetic trait.
Term
eugenics
Definition
not a genocide, just a philosophy. people decide that they are more physically fit or desirable than another group. ex: world war two, genocides.
Term
encephalization quotient:
Definition
ratio of actual brain size of a species to its expected brain size based on a statistical regression of brain to body size based on a large number of species.
Term
Behavioral ecology
Definition
figure out
Term
hyoid bone
Definition
a small "floating bone" in the front part of the throat, which is held in place by muscles and ligaments
Term
menarche
Definition
the onset of a girl's first menstrual period.
Term
menopause
Definition
the post-reproductive period in the lives of women, after the cessation of ovulation and menses
Term
senescence
Definition
age related decline in physiological or behavioral function in adult organisms
Term
human longevity
Definition
figure out
Term
magdalenian
Definition
most advanced tool culture, occurred 15,000 years ago.
Term
upper paleolithic
Definition
mind's big bang occurs here. 40,000 years ago
Term
paleolithic
Definition
figure out
Term
regional continuity model
Definition
proposes that modern humans evolved more or less simultaneously in all major regions.
Term
modern homosapiens
Definition
skeletal changes

bigger skulls (craniums) size 1250 cc
chin
less development of brow ridges
gracile skull
prominent mastoid process
small teeth and jaws


technology changes

spears
art, symbolic art
oldest figurene is 40,000 of a venus model
use of non-lithic (stone) material, instead use of antlers, corn, hides
Term
Complete replacement model
Definition
"out of africa'..... homo sapiens replaced homo erectus, erectus was out-competed
Term
quse of non-stone tools, who used it?
Definition
qw
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