Term
| pathologist report's 3 major headings... |
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Definition
| Gross Description, Microscopic Description, Diagnosis |
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Definition
| high frequency electric current |
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Term
| another name for a growth |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Malignant MElanoma was thought to be caused by: |
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Definition
| excessive exposure to the UV portion of sunlight |
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Term
| MArgaret sldom burned during her beach days |
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Definition
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Term
| if you have an allergy attack these cells will be active |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| these star chaped cells produce fibers by secreting protiens |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| these connnective tissues hold bones to joints |
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Definition
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Term
| tissues that function to protect secrete and absorb are known as... |
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Definition
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Term
| osteons and canaliculi are found in |
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Definition
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Term
| the function of reticuloendothelial tissue |
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Definition
| to ingest and destroy foreib particles i.e. microorganisms |
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Term
| merocrine apochrine and holocrine are examples of |
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Definition
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Term
| this type of coneective tissue is composed of a matrix |
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Definition
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Term
| the terms hyaline elastic and fibro refer to types of |
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Definition
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Term
| these cells support and hold parts of the nervous system together |
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Definition
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Term
| this substance prevents skin from drying out |
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Definition
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Term
| treats and prevents ulcers in the small intestine |
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Definition
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Term
| is negatively charged and ulcers are positively charged which creates a barrier to increase the lining in your stomach |
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Definition
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Term
| blood vessels narrow in ezophagus and can create a ring of scar tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| used to relieve moderate to severe pain in the body and is very addictive |
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Definition
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Term
| used to treat certain siezures and bipolar disease |
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Definition
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Term
| inhances GABA that carries messages between brain and nerve cells it allows the cells to communicate well so they don't become over worked and spaztic |
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Definition
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Term
| used to reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular event i.e. heart diseases |
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Definition
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Term
| reduces LDL cholesterol in patients with genetic disorder that causes high cholesterol |
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Definition
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Term
| decreases the bodys immune system to help treat eczema, used when nothing else works |
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Definition
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Term
| pesticide put in lotion or shampoo to treat lice and scabies |
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Definition
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Term
parts: stratum corneum
stratum basale
stratum germinativ |
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Definition
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Term
-blood vessels
-hair follicles
-nerves
-sweat glands
-arrecto pili muscle
-melanocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| dead on this epi. level, they die and flake off, this level protects |
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Definition
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Term
| they mature and cells become keratinized |
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Definition
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Term
| substance that strengthens and waterproofs your cells |
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Definition
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Term
| cells are made here, cells reproduce and move up to the stratum basale |
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Definition
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Term
| attaches to a hair and makes it stand straight up (goose bumps) |
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Definition
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Term
| pigment- that makes skin color (melanin), guards body from UV rays, UV light mutates the DNA in the skin cells nucleus |
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Definition
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Term
-genetic disorder
-treated with acutane
-can't grow because nutrients were being taken up by skin cell reproduction
-tiny eyes
-eyes would go inside out because of tight skin
-skin layers would crack open leaving room for bacteria to attack
-skin doesn't create oil |
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Definition
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Term
-known as tineas
-highly contagious
-spread by spores and encased in a protein coat
-ex. athletes foot, ringworm
-curable with medicine |
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Definition
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Term
-spread by virus
-highly contagious
-ex. warts(hpv), shingles |
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Definition
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Term
-herpes zoster virus
- long lasting: itching, burning, pain
- comes form chicken pox
-if you had CP or vaccination you can get shingles
- shingles somes on only one side of the body
-after CP the virus hides in your spinal nerves
-spinal nerves only go halfway around the body
-stress can trigger it
-in patterns of dermatomes |
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Definition
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Term
-caused when the body turns against itself
-no cure
-only relieve symptoms
-can be gentic
_ex. scleraderma, hives, psoriasis, rosacea |
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Definition
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Term
-areas on skin supplied by sensory fibers on the spinal nerves
-virus hides in these nerves
-31 pairs of spinal nerves
-areas on skin that the spinal nerves touch
- under the dermis
-they are specific spinal nerves |
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Definition
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Term
| makes the skin rock like, localized in one area or systemic (spread throughout the whole body) |
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Definition
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Term
| caused by stress, allergies, irritation, red bumps on skin, can be itchy |
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Definition
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Term
-aggravated by stress, detergent or soap
-life long
-skin cells reproduce rapidly
-systemic
-stelera treats it as an immune depressant, but makes you prone to disease |
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Definition
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Term
-dilates blood vessels
-adult acne |
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Definition
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Term
- a plant inflammation (oak, sumac)
-immunities come and go
-releases fluid chemicals, spores
-really bad kinds can leave scarring and virus |
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Definition
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Term
-most commonly caused by strep and staph
-some are contagious
-bacteria enter through break in skin
-mersa, impetigo, boil, carbuncle |
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Definition
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Term
| highly contagious, looks scabby, bacterial |
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Definition
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Term
| infection at the base of a hair follicle |
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Definition
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Term
| cut hem open and ppull out puss and pack it with antibiotics or gauze then pull it out |
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Definition
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Term
-hypersensitivity
-temperature, food, contact, sweat |
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Definition
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Term
-build up of collagen
-whenever bad cut occurs the buildup occurs
-some can get it from pierced ears
-there is no test to check for it |
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Definition
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Term
| scar tissue hat maintains the shape of your skin |
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Definition
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Term
-pressure ulcers when someone is laying in one spot for a long time
-the body pressure against the skin causes blood flow to stop and the tissues to die
-it spreads quickly
-if it occurs on the back of the head you can deduce that there has been no care given to the patient
-young people do not get it often
-air matresses can help nurses care for immoble patients |
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Definition
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Term
| scabies, bed bugs, lymes disease |
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Definition
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Term
-caused by the itch mite
- burrows into skin and lays eggs
-larvae hatch and eat through the top layer of skin and extreme itching and a red trail occur
-they hide under your skin
-cause: contact with infected items or people |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
• caused by a spirochete(a form of bacteria)
• the host for spirochetes are: deer, mice, and ticks
• when the ticks hatch they are in a larvae form and attach to the mice
• if you can remove the tick within 36-48 hours you may escape the disease
• ticks can only pick up spirochetes from rese voirs (an animal or human already contaminated with the spirochete
• grab as close to the skin (head) as possible and pull slowly
• first showed up in Lyme CT |
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Definition
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Term
-inflamed nerve
-paralyzes the muscle so the face appears to droop and sag
-could get it from wind blowing on face from car window
-left side often |
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Definition
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Term
• Immune to poison
• Eat blood the excretes feces
• Come out in early morning 2:00 am |
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Definition
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Term
• Genetic disorder
• Causes 3rd degree burns on skin when it is in contact with UV lights and sunlights |
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Definition
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Term
| xp society and camp sundown |
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Definition
| created by karen mahar for her daughter |
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Term
| Begins in Epithelial cells from mutations in DNA, shich causes cells to divide abnormally |
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Definition
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Term
| cells reproduce too quickly, no boundaries |
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Definition
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Term
| cell chemistry, wrong reactions, growth |
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Definition
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Term
| cells spread through:Blood, Lymph vessels |
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Definition
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Term
| connect to lymph nodes that extract bacteria and kill it. Cancer piggy backs with the lymph vessels and gets off at different spots |
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Definition
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Term
o cell mitosis causes shortening of these.
o They shorten until death;
o this causes you to age
o if you have cancer they don’t shorten |
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Definition
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Term
| anything that causes cancer |
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Definition
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Term
| gene that causes cancer; colon cancer; hereditary |
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Definition
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Term
| tumor contained in a sac cannot spread |
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Definition
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Term
| tumor uncontained can spread throughout body |
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Definition
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Term
| takes tissue sample and test for cancer cells; take a large sample so as not to leave any cancer behind |
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Definition
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Term
• Use of toxic chemicals to kill the cancer cells
Because cancer cells are weaker
• Will go after cells that reproduce quickly
Includes helpful cells too
• Side Affects
Fatigue
Hair Loss
Vomiting/ Nausea |
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Definition
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Term
side affect
o RBC divide rapidly so the chemo gets them
o Not enough food or oxygen to stay strong
o Treated with medication (makes more RBC)
o Treated with transfusion |
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Definition
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Term
side affect
o Hair follicles reproduce very fast so chemo gets them |
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Definition
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Term
side affect
o The lining of the stomach divides rapidly so chemo targets stomach
o Can take a drug “Emend” to stop nauseous feeling |
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Definition
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Term
| • Take out 3-4x bigger area then length and width of cancer spot |
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Definition
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Term
| treatment options for cancer |
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Definition
| chemo therapy, surgery, radiation, cancer vaccine |
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Term
• Shrink tumors
• Deliver dose only to the area that needs it
• It kills off the weak cells and leaves the rest
• Can only be done for a certain amount o time and then they have to stop
• Side Affects-
Fatigue |
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Definition
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Term
• Take cancer cells and the cells that control your immune system
• Fuse them together to create a personalized vaccine to stimulate your immune system |
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Definition
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Term
• Wolf man
• Genetic disorder
• Mild or severe
• Systemic or localized
• Abnormal hair growth
• Congenital or acquired (drugs)
• Minoxidil (in Rogaine), cyclosporine, exposure to chemicals
• Treatments: none. |
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Definition
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Term
• OCD
• Pulls hair out when under stress
• Treatments: medication or therapy |
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Definition
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Term
• Occurs in cells that lime lymph or blood vessels
• See in people with late stage aids
• Virus that becomes activated when you develop aids
• Skin cancer |
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Definition
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Term
• Upper layers of skin
• Due to tanning, sunburn
• High cure rate
• Can be dangerous if it goes deep
• Looks like bump or cut healed
• Tissue damage
skin cancer |
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Definition
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Term
• Caved in
• Can spread into lymph nodes and spread throughout the body
skin cancer |
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Definition
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Term
• occurs in or around moles
• leaves dark mark on skin
• ABCD rule to check for MM |
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Definition
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Term
o Asymmetry- one side does not look like the other side
o Border- irregular and jagged
o Color- changes, dart, multi colored
o Diameter- if mole is larger than a pencil eraser than its bad |
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Definition
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Term
• Precursor for skin cancer
• Given lotion so it will be destroyed
• Drug: Aldara- at first used to treat genital warts
• Red spots come then |
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Definition
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Term
• Go under skin
• Inflates skin very slowly
• Inflates using a saline solution
• When large enough the saline is drained out
• They cut out skin that they need for graphs
• Leave enough skin to sew you up after |
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Definition
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Term
• Tearing of the dermis
• See through epidermis
• Can prevent them
• Cannot fully cure them without surgery |
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Definition
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Term
• Sometimes known as the flesh eating disease
• Occurs rapidly as a result of a lowered immune system
• Moves very quickly
• Originates at a minor injury site
• Bacteria Streptococcus Pyogenes
• Symptoms: extreme pain and tender lymph nodes, flu like symptoms
• Tissue death down to the subcutaneous layer and toxic shock |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
• Dehydration
• Infection
• Burn victims consume 60000 calories a day |
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Term
• Sunburn
• Reddening of skin
• Steam
• Touching something hot |
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Definition
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Term
• Blisters
• Sun poisoning (nausea, chills, fever)
• Destroy dermis and epidermis
• Bleach can burn, draino can |
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Definition
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Term
• Burn through epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous
• Fire, chemical burns
• At first no pain cause nerves burned away
• As healing pain becomes excruciating
• Put patients in coma so they don’t feel the pain |
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Definition
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Term
• Determines the percentage of the body burned
• Each area given a percentage |
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Definition
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Term
• Comes out in pores
• Sweat is composed of uric acid, ammonia (components of urine), salt, and water
• You are urinating through your skin |
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Definition
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Term
• Comes out of hair sweat glands
• Has component that is a milky secretion
• The secretion is what smells
• Bacteria eats the secretion causing a chemical reaction that causes the smell
• Caused by stress often |
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Definition
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Term
• 100000 hairs on your head at any time
• Red heads have 90000
• Blonds have 140000
• Males hair grows faster and thicker
• You lose about 100 hairs a day
• Red hair is caused by 2 recessive genes
• Blond hair is finer that brunettes
• Black hair shines the most
• No melanin in white hair, Grey is a mixture
composed of cuticle, medula, cortex |
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Definition
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Term
| outer layer of hair shaft looks like shingles, works as protective scale, cuticle is transparent |
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Definition
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Term
| core of hair, may be absent (mostly in light hairs) |
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Definition
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Term
| contains natural pigment (melanin) and moisture |
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Definition
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Term
• Baldness
• More men than women
• Early baldness= higher chance of prostate cancer
• Some bald patterns are attributed to heart problems
• DNA tells hair to divide (grow) for how long
• When your time is up hair will begin to fall out with no replacement |
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Definition
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Term
| the nail all blood vessels are under this |
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Definition
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Term
| the moon shape of your nail, grows from the nail root |
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Definition
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Term
• protects you
• maintain body heat (temperature) called thermo regulation
• helps conserve water
• produces Vitamin D
sunlight produces Vitamin D which absorbs calcium
cancer related
Ricketts |
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Definition
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Term
| not enough vitamin D causes bones to become rubbery and legs will bow out |
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Definition
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Term
• Hold cells together
• If they break you could have:
Poison ivy
Poison oak
Poison sumac
Break causes blisters
Blisters fill with lymph so nothing else can |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Only used to check for skin cancer
Remove skin tissue layer by layer
Every time a layer is removed it goes to a lab for a microscopic evaluation
Check them for cancer cells
They continue process until they reach the bottom level
If cancer is present they will continue down, left, and right until no more cancer is present
Only have to do this once |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| proteins in muscle are made up of these two fibers |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| thin protein, has beads on it |
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Term
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Definition
| thick protein, has crossbridges on it |
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Term
| muscles work in... and an example |
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Definition
| pairs, biceps contract (flexor) and triceps relax (extensor) |
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Term
| what are the muscle types? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| striated, attached to bone, voluntary |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary, heart related, has intercolated disks |
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Term
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Definition
| no striations, involuntary with partial control (diaphram, eye lids) |
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Term
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Definition
| responsible for most of the movement in a muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| extra muscles that help the prime movers |
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Term
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Definition
| point of attachment to a stationar bone that keeps it from moving crazy (biceps) |
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Term
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Definition
| point of attachment to a moveable bone (biceps elbow) |
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Term
| sliding filament theory... |
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Definition
| actin grabs crossbridges and slides up crossbridges when it contracts and vise versa when it relaxes |
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Term
| energy source in he sliding filament theory... |
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Definition
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Term
| muscle tone is... and 2 types |
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Definition
| constant state of muscle. hypertrophy and atrophy |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive muscle tone (body builders) |
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Term
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Definition
| wasting away of muscle tissue (cast, coma, paralysis, bed ridded, eating disorder) |
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Term
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Definition
turns men to women and women to men
shrinks testicles
causes cancer
makes you vulnerable to injury
makes your voice change |
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Term
|
Definition
| a motor neuron and muscle fiber |
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Term
|
Definition
| released form moter end plants and carries impulse across gap to muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme that breaks down ACH after jump |
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Term
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Definition
| the space between the muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| in eye surgery it is used to paralyze the muscles in eye lid |
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Term
|
Definition
| stops ACH jump by numbing the nerves |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| gives muscle its color and carries O2 around to muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| gives blood its color and carries O2 around to blood |
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Term
| 7 ways in which muscles are named |
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Definition
Location
Shape
Size
# of origins
Location of origin and its insertion
Action |
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its location |
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Definition
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its shape |
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Definition
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its size |
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Definition
| gluteus maximus, gluteus, medius |
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its direction |
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Definition
| transversus abdominus, external oblique |
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its # of origins |
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Definition
| biceps brachii, triceps brachii |
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its location of origin and insertion |
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Definition
|
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Term
| name 2 muscles named for its action |
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Definition
| tensor fasciata, flexor carpi |
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Term
| name the arrangement of muscle fibers |
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Definition
parallel
circular
pennate shape
convergent |
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Term
| types of exercise and muscle movement |
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Definition
muscle tension
shortening and lengthening
isometric
isotomic |
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Term
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Definition
| tension increases, length does not change |
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Term
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Definition
| changing the length of a muscle (lifting) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the unit of structure and function in a muscle, made of actin and myosin |
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Term
| often have gentetic backgrounds and they start young |
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Definition
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Term
| extremely flexible person |
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Definition
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Term
| a genetic mutation that causes the skin and joints to become extrenely flexible |
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Definition
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Term
| blood vessels pop and it can be very painful |
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Definition
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Term
| notterminal, causes you to bruise easily, there are many tyoes |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| child crys the lump appears, stomach or intestine pops through |
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Term
| strangulation is when a hernia... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| incarceration is when a muscle |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 major types of hernias are |
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Definition
epigastric
umbilical
ingiuinal
temporal |
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Term
|
Definition
| stomach will seep through hole in diaphram when it is weakened |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
severe coughing
obesity
straining while using the bathroom |
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Term
|
Definition
| median nerve. the ligament swells and the nerve is compressed |
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Term
| most severe type of muscular distrophy is |
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Definition
| Duchene Muscular Distrophy |
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Term
| this is caused by a sex linked genecarried on the x chromosome and men are most likely to get it |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| in this protein becomes fat and limbs whither away this is prevented by distrophyn |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this breaks the muscle tissue dow in MD |
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Definition
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Term
| it causes your posture to change and feet to drop |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this DNA mutation attacks the muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| it prevents ACh from making its jump it slowly paralyzes your |
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Definition
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Term
| it is systemic and terminal (cant keep eyes open) |
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Definition
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Term
| fibers are more efficient at using oxygen to make ATP for energy SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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Term
| the muscle fbers can contract over a long period of time without fatigue SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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Term
| marathon runners and biclysts SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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|
Term
| have mor mitochondria and myoglobin SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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Term
| red colored seen in chicken legs and thighs SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
|
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Term
| fibers use anaerobic respiration to create energy SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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Term
| they generate short bursts of strength ot speed SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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Term
| tire quickly, mostly sprinters SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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|
Term
| lots of glycogen and enzymes SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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|
Term
| light in color seen in chicken wings SLOW OR FAST |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| animal starch and high level of energy |
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